Scribd
Upload
98 views19 pages

High Speed Networks Lecture 6

The document discusses the physical layer of ATM networks, including the transmission convergence and physical medium dependent sublayers, various physical interfaces like SONET and DS1-DS3, cell delineation using HEC, and standards for carrying ATM cells over different physical mediums.

Uploaded by

Udhay Prakash
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
98 views19 pages

High Speed Networks Lecture 6

The document discusses the physical layer of ATM networks, including the transmission convergence and physical medium dependent sublayers, various physical interfaces like SONET and DS1-DS3, cell delineation using HEC, and standards for carrying ATM cells over different physical mediums.

Uploaded by

Udhay Prakash
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

High Speed Networks Lecture 6 ATM Physical Layer

Uday Prakash Pethakamsetty Uday3prakash@ gmail.com

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

ATM Physical Layer


Physical medium to carry ATM cells Two sub layers
Transmission convergence (TC) sub layer Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) sub layer

Protocols
SONET (OC-3, OC-12, OC 48, OC 192) DS-3 DS-1
2/14/2013 HSN Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH 4

Physical Layer Functionality


Mainly to transport the ATM cells accurately to the destinations. Functions performed by PHY layer include:
Cell Rate Decoupling Header Error Control (HEC) Cell Delineation

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

Transmission Convergence Sub-layer


Convert bit stream to cell stream Transmission Frame Adaptation : Packing Cells into Frame cell delineation : Scrambling and Cell recovery HEC generation / verification Cell Rate Decoupling : Insertion and Suppression of idle cells

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

Cell Delineation
Identifies cell boundaries in a cell stream Physical layers may use their own mechanisms
SONET uses H4 pointer

CCITT Recommended HEC-based Algorithm


Generic Can be used with cell-stream when there is no framing structure Contrast with Marker based framing

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

Cell Delineation by HEC Field


correct HEC bit-by-bit check
HUNT

cell-by-cell check
PRESYNC

Initially HUNT state Bit-by-bit check to match computed HEC with the received HEC CCITT recommendation < 7 <6

Incorrect HEC

consecutive incorrect HEC

SYNC

consecutive correct HEC

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

Cell Payload Scrambling


At source, scramble the cell payload At receiver, descramble the cell payload To increase the security and robustness
To protect against malicious users or unintended simulation of a correct HEC in the information field

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

10

PMD Sublayer
Physical Medium Dependent Sublayer
Fiber, Twisted pair, Coax, SONET, DS3 Functions
Bit timing Line coding Signal conversions

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

11

Cell-Stream Physical Layer


Cell

cells are transmitted as a stream without any regular framing OAM cells are identified by VPI:0, VCI:9 Synchronization is achieved by Transmission Convergence Sub-layer

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

12

Physical Medium Choices


Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) based Interfaces
uses existing transmission network infrastructure DS1(1.544Mbps), E1 (2.048 Mbps), E3 (34.368 Mbps) , DS3 (44.736 Mbps), E4 speeds Cell Delineation and Synchronization with HEC

25.6 Mbps UTP The asynchronous serial communication protocol is

asynchronous on the byte level, but plesiochronous on the bit level.

Derived from greek plsios, meaning near, and chronos, time


2/14/2013 HSN Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH 13

SONET / SDH Based Physical Layer


Synchronous Optical Network: (SONET) Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Lower speed ATM streams can be multiplexed over higher speed SONET streams SONET supports a hierarchy of digital signals with a basic rate of 51.84 Mbps Based on Time Division Multiplexing H4 octet in the path header indicates offset to the boundary of the first cell following H4 Parts of a cell may be carried over two successive SONET frames
2/14/2013 HSN Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH 14

SDH Physical Layer for ATM


The most common physical layer to transport ATM cells in public networks Standards are defined for encapsulation of ATM cells in SDH (SONET) frames

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

15

SDH Physical Layer for ATM

Path Overhead

Total : 9 Rows * 270 Columns STM-1/STS-3c : 9*260*8/125 sec =145.76 Mbps payload

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

16

ATM PHY standards

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

17

Summary
Wide range of Physical Interfaces are available :
DS1 to STS-12

ATM Cells can also be carried over (standards are being defined)
Satellite Wireless

Two Sublayers : Convergence Sublayer and Physical Medium Dependent sublayer

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

18

References
ITU-T ISDN standards, http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-I/en. Sumit Kasera, ATM Networks-concepts and Protocols, 2e, Tata McGraw Hill publications, ISBN-10: 0-07-058353-6. Harry Perros, ATM Networks. Netwinz software-

2/14/2013

HSN

Dept. of ECE JNTUH CEH

19

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy