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1C02-01 Conceptual Design of Buildings

The document provides an overview of the objectives and topics covered in a lecture on conceptual design of multi-story buildings. It discusses the purpose and advantages/disadvantages of multi-story steel buildings, provides a brief historical review of tall buildings, and covers key topics like layout, structural stiffness, loads on buildings, and floor structure design. Examples of tall landmark buildings from history are presented to illustrate structural solutions.

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Kausalya Aravind
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
597 views14 pages

1C02-01 Conceptual Design of Buildings

The document provides an overview of the objectives and topics covered in a lecture on conceptual design of multi-story buildings. It discusses the purpose and advantages/disadvantages of multi-story steel buildings, provides a brief historical review of tall buildings, and covers key topics like layout, structural stiffness, loads on buildings, and floor structure design. Examples of tall landmark buildings from history are presented to illustrate structural solutions.

Uploaded by

Kausalya Aravind
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1C2 Conceptual Design of Buildings

Prof. Ji Studnika

List of lectures
1) Multi-storey buildings 2) Floor slabs, primary and secondary beams 3) Joints of floor beams and columns 4) Cellular beams, slim floors 5) Composite floors 6) Steel columns 7) Base plates 8) Composite beams and columns 9) Composite frames 10) Frame bracing 11) Advanced models for frame bracing 12) Design tools 13) Conceptual design, repetition

Objectives Multi-storey buildings Purpose Advantages Disadvantages Historical review Examples Lay-out Spatial stiffness Load Floor structure Conclusions

Objectives of the lecture


Multi-storey buildings Purpose, advantages and disadvantages Historical review and examples Lay-out Spatial structural stiffness Load Floor structure Conclusions

Multi-storey buildings

Purpose: administration, public, residential, hotels Advantages of steel solution: large spans, shallow floors, small dimensions of columns, speed of erection, lower weight, smaller footings, ready for re-construction, after the end of its useful time easy to removing and recycling Disadvantages: higher acquisition costs, additional fire protection Tall buildings: premium of height

Historical review
1885: Chicago Home Insurance Building, the first building with iron columns and 10 storeys 1899: New York Park Row 119 m, 29 storeys 1931: New York Empire State Building 381 m, 102 storeys 1971: New York WTC 417 m, 110 storeys 1974: Chicago Sears 443 m, 110 storeys 2004: Taipei 101 509 m, 101 storeys 2010: Dubai 828 m (predominantly concrete) Under construction: New York Freedom Tower 1776 ft (542m), etc.

Tallest buildings in the world

New York, Empire State 381 m

Open at 1931 102 storeys Constructional time 18 months Steel riveted structure 60 000 t Survived crash of B25 Mitchell at 1945 Iconic for N.Y.

New York, World Trade Center 417 m, collapsed 2001

Tajvan, Taipei 101

Open at 2004 101 storeys 509 m Composite steel and concrete megastructure Hollow steel columns 2400x3000x80 mm filled by concrete Steel 650 t ball as a damper suspended in 88. storey Traditional bamboo shape Happy number 8

Dubai Burj Tower (828 m)

Main concrete part 586 m Upper steel part 130 m Steel needle 112 m Finished 2009 Open 2010 Design: Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (U.S.A.) Actual name: Burj Khalifa Tower

Spatial stiffness

Stiffened and non-stiffened frames

Stiffened frames and non-stiffened (hinged) frames: functionality of the system is ensured by (horizontally) very rigid floor tables Stiffened frames: Truss structures: cost effective, but disturbing the lay-out Rigid frames: lesser stiffness, not disturbing the lay-out Stiffening walls (concrete or masonry): good for not too high buildings

Load

according to standards (SN EN 1991 in Czech Rep.) and demands of client permanent: commonly the same in all floors variable: imposed load: 2 to 5 kN/m2 wind pressure: depends on wind velocity at site, height of building, aerodynamic properties, snow: depends on conditions at site, for multi-storey buildings not so important technical equipment: for example heating, air condition seismic effects: not significant in Czech Republic

Floor structure

Floor deck with two functions: to spread the vertical load into primary and secondary floor beams to spread the horizontal load into stiffened frames System of primary and secondary floor beams: different arrangement, see below, common distance between primary beams is 2 - 3 m Hot-rolled I beams preferred Bolted joints preferred

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