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AP Biology Essay Examples For Revised Curriculum

Study for Biology with AP Biology practice essays

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4K views5 pages

AP Biology Essay Examples For Revised Curriculum

Study for Biology with AP Biology practice essays

Uploaded by

lastspectral
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AP Biology Exam Information

Sample Free-Response Questions


Directions: Question 1 is a long free-response question that should require about 20 minutes each to answer. Questions 2 through 4 are short free-response questions that should require about 6 minutes each to answer. Read each question carefully and write your response. Answers must be written out. Outline form is not acceptable. It is important that you read each question completely before you begin to write. 1. Plants lose water from their aboveground surfaces in the process of transpiration. Most of this water is lost from stomata, microscopic openings in the leaves. Excess water loss can have a negative effect on the growth, development, and reproduction of a plant. Severe water loss can be fatal. Environmental factors have a major impact on the rate of plant transpiration. TRANSPIRATION RATE VERSUS TEMPERATURE Temperature (C) 20 23 27 28 Transpiration rate 1.5 3 5 4.5 (mmol/m2 sec) (a)  Using the data above and the axes provided, draw a graph showing the effect of temperature change on the rate of transpiration. Explain the shape of the curve from 23 degrees to 28 degrees. (b)  Humidity is an environmental factor that affects transpiration rate. Using the axes provided, draw a curve that illustrates what you predict would be the rate of transpiration with increasing humidity and constant temperature. Justify the shape of the curve based on your prediction. (c)  The curve below illustrates the rate of transpiration related to the percent of open stomata on the leaf of a particular plant. Explain why the curve levels off with increasing percentage of open stomata per area of the leaf.

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2012 The College Board.

AP Biology Exam Information

(d)  The data below show the density of stomata on the leaf surfaces of three different species of plants. Describe the environments in which each plant most likely evolved. Justify your descriptions. Stomata Density (# of stomata/mm2) In Upper In Lower Epidermis Epidermis 0 0 420 0 0 465

Plant Anacharis Water lily Black walnut

Graph for part (a) showing the effect of temperature on the rate of transpiration.

Graph for part (b) showing the predicted effect of humidity on the rate of transpiration.

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2012 The College Board.

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AP Biology Exam Information

Essential Knowledge Science Practice

4.A.6: Interactions among living systems and with their environment result in the movement of matter and energy. 1.4: The student can use representations and models to analyze situations or solve problems qualitatively and quantitatively. 2.2: The student can apply mathematical routines to quantities that describe natural phenomena. 4.14: The student is able to apply mathematical routines to quantities that describe interactions among living systems and their environment, which result in the movement of matter and energy. 4.15: The student is able to use visual representations to analyze situations or solve problems qualitatively to illustrate how interactions among living systems and with their environment result in the movement of matter and energy.

Learning Objective

2.

Populations of a plant species have been found growing in the mountains at altitudes above 2,500 meters. Populations of a plant that appears similar, with slight differences, have been found in the same mountains at altitudes below 2,300 meters. (a) D  escribe TWO kinds of data that could be collected to provide a direct answer to the question, do the populations growing above 2,500 meters and the populations growing below 2,300 meters represent a single species? (b) E  xplain how the data you suggested in part (a) would provide a direct answer to the question.

Essential Knowledge Science Practice Learning Objective

1.C.2: Speciation may occur when two populations become reproductively isolated from each other. 4.1: The student can justify the selection of the kind of data needed to answer a particular scientific question. 1.23: The student is able to justify the selection of data that address questions related to reproductive isolation and speciation.

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2012 The College Board.

AP Biology Exam Information

3.

Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) with a wild-type phenotype have gray bodies and red eyes. Certain mutations can cause changes to these traits. Mutant flies may have a black body and/or cinnabar eyes. To study the genetics of these traits, a researcher crossed a truebreeding wild-type male fly (with gray body and red eyes) with a truebreeding female fly with a black body and cinnabar eyes. All of the F1 progeny displayed a wild-type phenotype. Female flies from the F1 generation were crossed with true-breeding male flies with black bodies and cinnabar eyes. The table on the next page represents the predicted outcome and the data obtained from the cross. Explain the difference between the expected data and the actual numbers observed. F2 Generation Phenotypes Body Color Gray Black Gray Black Eye Color Red Cinnabar Cinnabar Red Number Predicted 244 244 244 244 Number Observed 455 432 42 47

Essential Knowledge

3.A.3: The chromosomal basis of inheritance provides an understanding of the pattern of passage (transmission) of genes from parent to offspring. 2.2: The student can apply mathematical routines to quantities that describe natural phenomena. 3.14: The student is able to apply mathematical routines to determine Mendelian patterns of inheritance provided by data.

Science Practice Learning Objective

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2012 The College Board.

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AP Biology Exam Information

4.

A population of microscopic eukaryotic organisms growing in a large flask had the growth pattern shown.

In one paragraph, explain the biological factors that determine the shape of the growth pattern shown above in both period 1 and period 2.
Essential Knowledge 2.D.1: All biological systems from cells and organisms to populations, communities, and ecosystems are affected by complex biotic and abiotic interactions involving exchange of matter and free energy. 5.1: The student can analyze data to identify patterns or relationships. 2.24: The student is able to analyze data to identify patterns and relationships between a biotic or abiotic factor and a biological system (cells, organisms, populations, communities, or ecosystems).

Science Practice Learning Objective

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2012 The College Board.

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