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Digital Image Processing For Aggregate Orientation in Asphalt Concrete Mixtures: Reply

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58 views1 page

Digital Image Processing For Aggregate Orientation in Asphalt Concrete Mixtures: Reply

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Ajith Krishnan
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334

Can. J. Civ. Eng. Vol. 24, 1997

be seen from Table D2, on the horizontal cross section, the percent variation ranges between 434% and 1188%; and on the vertical cross section, it varies between 255% and 1298%. From a statistical point of view, this wide variation greatly increases the value of the standard deviation. It could be of large positive value when considering large aggregates, and of large negative value if small aggregates are considered. It is

this writers belief that limits should be established for an acceptable degree of variation beyond which the method of analysis should be altered to accommodate all of the parameters that may impact the outcome. The writer realizes that these effects are less pronounced in other types of higher quality mixtures (e.g., HL4 and HL8); however, caution should be followed if these test results are to be generalized.

Digital image processing for aggregate orientation in asphalt concrete mixtures:1 Reply
Zhong Qi Yue and Isabelle Morin

The authors thank Professor Ghaly for his contribution to the discussion of this paper and appreciate the kind remarks made by him. We chose the 2 mm dimension as the minimum size of aggregates for the aggregate orientation analysis based on the following facts: The 2 mm dimension is the dividing size between sand and gravel (or coarse aggregates) in particle size distribution analysis using the classical sieve analysis method. For the asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures analyzed in the paper, sieve analysis results indicated that aggregates with sizes greater than 2 mm occupy about 60%, 66%, 75%, and 76% of the total aggregate dry weights in HL4, HL8, SMA, and LSM, respectively (see Table 2b of the paper). The coarse aggregates dominate the microstructure of the aggregate distribution in these mixtures. We would also like to point out that the 2 mm dimension is not the minimum particle size that can be identified using the digital image processing procedure described in the paper. For surfacing AC mixtures with finer aggregates such as HL1, the criterion dimension would be less than 2 mm and can be defined using the results of sieve analysis in mix design. The multiple vertical or horizontal plane cross sections of AC samples were formed by cutting. This cutting process was non-recoverable and destructive. An AC laboratory sample or field core was only used to form plane cross sections in one direction (i.e., either vertical or horizontal direction). In other words, there was no one single aggregate that could be cut in both horizontal and vertical AC cross sections simultaneously. The aggregates used in the analysis satisfied the 2 mm size
Received November 6, 1996. Manuscript accepted November 15, 1996. Z.Q. Yue. Halcrow Asia Partnership Ltd., 3201 Central Plaza, 18 Harbour Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong. I. Morin. Canadian Hydraulics Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
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criterion in both the vertical and horizontal AC cross sections. It should be kept in mind that the aggregates on the horizontal AC cross sections were not the same aggregates on the vertical AC cross sections. The validation of the approach adopted in the paper is due to the following arguments: For AC samples or cores formed using the same mix design formula and the same compaction methods, their properties and microstructure should be very similar even though they are not exactly the same. Thousands of aggregate particles on either the horizontal or the vertical AC cross sections satisfied the size criterion and were used in the statistical analysis of aggregate orientation in AC mixtures. Three image dimensions, i.e., minor length, Feret diameter, and major length, were used in the statistical analysis and compared well with the sieve analysis results. The authors agree with Professor Ghalys observations that the standard deviations of aggregate particle size distribution are very high and that few large aggregates can have a high percentage of the total area occupied by aggregates on AC cross sections. These observations were the basis that we compared the results of image area gradation on the horizontal AC cross sections with those on the vertical cross sections in Fig. 6 of the paper. For instance, the comparison of the image area gradation for LSM indicated that aggregate particle sizes on the horizontal AC cross sections were greater than those on the vertical AC cross sections. Such image area gradation takes into account the influence of large aggregates into the statistical analysis. The average area per aggregate is one of the statistical parameters used as indexes to summarize the aggregate particle size differences on the vertical and horizontal AC cross sections. Results of the average area per aggregate index were consistent with those of the image area gradation comparisons.

Discussion by Ashraf M. Ghaly. 1997. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 24(2): 333334.
1997 NRC Canada

Can. J. Civ. Eng. 24: 334 (1997)

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