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Solutions To Selected Problems: October 22, 2013

1) The document provides solutions to selected problems involving probability distributions and statistics. 2) For problem 3.5, the solution calculates the probability that a standard drug would cure 85 or more patients as 13% based on the binomial distribution. 3) For problem 3.8a, the solution sets up an equation involving the binomial distribution to calculate the probability of turning movie theater customers away based on the number of seats.

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Sakshi Jain
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46 views2 pages

Solutions To Selected Problems: October 22, 2013

1) The document provides solutions to selected problems involving probability distributions and statistics. 2) For problem 3.5, the solution calculates the probability that a standard drug would cure 85 or more patients as 13% based on the binomial distribution. 3) For problem 3.8a, the solution sets up an equation involving the binomial distribution to calculate the probability of turning movie theater customers away based on the number of seats.

Uploaded by

Sakshi Jain
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solutions to Selected Problems

October 22, 2013


3.5 - The chance that the standard drug would cure 85 or more patients is 100 100 0.8x 0.2(1x) 0.13 (1) x 85 I calculated that using this website: http://easycalculation.com/statistics/binomialdistribution.php. So I would say that the new drug is not clearly superior because even if it was no better than the old drug, it still would have cured 85 or more people 13% of the time. (This is a rough statement, to be sure.) 3.8a - Let X be the number of people that try to come to your theater, and N is the number of seats in your theater. X is distributed as a binomial B (1000, 0.5). The probability that you turn people away is P (X > N ). We want
1000

P (X > N )

=
N +1

1000 x

0.5x 0.51000x < 0.01

(2)

3.41a - We want to show that 1 > 2 = F (x|1 ) < F (x|2 ), i.e. x x 2 2 e(y1 ) dy < e(y2 ) dy (3)

There are several ways to this, but I think the easiest one is to notice that
x

(y 1 )2

dy =

x(1 2 )

e(y2 ) dy

(4)

Since 1 > 2 and e to any power is positive, we know that x 2 e(y2 ) dy > 0
x(1 2 )

(5)

which proves the claim.

4.27 - We know that the sum of indepenent normals is distributed U N + , 2 2 and if we use an analogous argument to the one that we used in classs (i.e., derive at the MGF of the dierence of two normals, its very easy) you should convince yourself that V N , 2 2 . To show that they are independent: We know the joint distribution of X and Y because they are independent (fXY = fX fY ). By a change of 1 variables, we can express x = 1 2 (u + v ) and y = 2 (u v ). It follows that fU V (u, v ) = fXY 1 1 (u + v ) , (u v ) 2 2 (6)

where is a constant. (This constant just ensures that fU V is a pdf, i.e., it integrates to 1). Plugging in for fXY we have fU V = 1 exp 2 2 2 u+v 2
2

uv 2

(7)

and you can do some algebra to show that this can be factored into a piece with just us and a piece with just v s. It will look something like fU V = k exp [quadratic in u] exp [quadratic in v ] where k is some crazy constant. 4.30 For simplicity, I would solve these in this order. The trick is to use the Law of Iterated Expectations. We didnt go over theorem 4.4.7 in class which gives the rst equality in the third line (Its like a law of iterated variances). You dont need to know it for the quiz. You should be able to compute E (X ), E X 2 and V (X ) in your sleep when X is uniform. E (Y ) = E (E (Y |X )) = E (X ) = 1/2 E (XY ) = E (E (XY |X )) = E X 2 = 1/3 V (Y ) = V (E (Y |X )) + E (V (Y |X )) = V (X ) + E X 2 = 1/12 + 1/3 Cov (X, Y ) = E (XY ) E (X ) E (Y ) = 1/3 1/4 from parts a and b. 4.43 C (X1 + X2 , X1 + X3 ) = E ((X1 + X2 ) (X1 + X3 )) E (X1 + X2 ) E (X1 + X3 ) = E = =
2

(8)

(9) (11) (12)

2 X1 + 2 2

E (X1 ) E (X2 ) + E (X1 ) E (X3 ) + E (X2 ) E (X3 ) (10) 42 + 2 + 2 + 2 42

C (X1 + X2 , X1 X2 )

= = =

E ((X1 + X2 ) (X1 X2 )) E (X1 + X2 ) E (X1 X (13) 2)


2 2 E X1 + E X2

(14) (15)

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