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Israeli Settlement Activity 14feb2013 PDF

Background note on Israeli settlement activity tabled in Senate Estimates by Australian foreign minister Bob Carr.

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Jonathan Morton
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71 views2 pages

Israeli Settlement Activity 14feb2013 PDF

Background note on Israeli settlement activity tabled in Senate Estimates by Australian foreign minister Bob Carr.

Uploaded by

Jonathan Morton
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Israeli Settlement Activity

Israeli settlement activity is a violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention (to which Israel is a party) The applicability of the Fourth Geneva Convention to the Occupied Palestinian Territory is widely accepted For example, the annual GA resolution on the applicability of the Fourth Geneva Convention to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and the other occupied territories, was adopted at UNGA67 on 15 November 2012 by 164 in favour; six against; four abstentions. Article 49(6) of the Fourth Geneva Convention (on the protection of civilians in time of war) provides that "the Occupying Power shall not deport or transfer parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies".

In its 2004 Advisory Opinion on the Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall on Occupied Palestinian Territories, the ICJ unanimously concluded that the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (including East Jerusalem) had been established in breach of international law. The Court said that Article 49(6) prohibited not only deportations or forced transfers of populations such as those carried out during the Second World War, but also any measures taken by an occupying Power in order to organize or encourage transfers of parts of its own population into the occupied territory. The Court found that since 1977, Israel had conducted a policy and developed practices involving the establishment of settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory contrary to the terms of Article 49(6). By majority (Judge Buergenthal dissenting) the Court also found that the construction of the security barrier and its associated settlement regime was in violation of key provisions of occupation law, human rights law and (Judge Kooijmans dissenting on this point) the right of Palestinians to self-determination. The Security Council has, over time, described Israeli settlement activity as having "no legal validity" Res 452 (1979) (adopted 14-0-1 (US abstention)) included the following language: "Considering that the policy of Israel in establishing settlements in the occupied Arab territories has no legal validity and constitutes a violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of 12 August 1949". Res 465 (1980) (adopted unanimously) included the following language: ..Determines that all measures taken by Israel to change the physical character, demographic composition, institutional structure or status of the Palestinian and other Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Jerusalem, or any part thereof, have no legal validity and that Israel's policy and practices of settling parts of its population and new immigrants in those territories constitute a flagrant violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War

and also constitute a serious obstruction to achieving a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East" . The most recent attempt at a Council resolution on settlements (Draft resolution S/20 11124, on which the Council voted 14-1 (US) on 18 February 20 11 , contained the following language "Reaffirming that all Israeli settlements activites in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, including East Jerusalem, are illegal.." This position is further supported by the annual General Assembly resolution on Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and the occupied Syrian Golan, which was adopted at UNGA67 on 15 November 2012 by 163 in favour, six against; six abstentions The resolution "reaffirms that the Israeli settlements ... are illegal" (OP 1) and "calls upon Israel to accept the de jure applicability of the [Fourth Geneva Convention] ... and to abide scrupulously by the provisions of the Convention, in particular article 49" (OP2). Prior to the Foreign Minister's recent statements Australia had stated that Israeli settlement activity is illegal on two occasions before the Security Council, in January 20 11 and October 2012

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