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Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

This document provides information about squares, square roots, cubes, and cube roots. It includes definitions and formulas for each concept, as well as examples of calculations involving squares, square roots, cubes, and cube roots of positive and negative numbers, decimals, fractions, and variables. The document concludes with a series of practice problems for students to find the squares, square roots, cubes, and cube roots of various numbers.

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100% found this document useful (2 votes)
7K views23 pages

Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

This document provides information about squares, square roots, cubes, and cube roots. It includes definitions and formulas for each concept, as well as examples of calculations involving squares, square roots, cubes, and cube roots of positive and negative numbers, decimals, fractions, and variables. The document concludes with a series of practice problems for students to find the squares, square roots, cubes, and cube roots of various numbers.

Uploaded by

naza9775
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

Module PMR

CHAPTER 2
SQUARES,SQUARE ROOTS.CUBES AND CUBE ROOTS

A. SQUARES

- a number multiply by itself


- a2 = a × a
- examples :
a). 22 = 2 × 2 = 4

b). ( - 4 )2 = ( -4 ) × ( -4 ) = 16
3 3 3 9
c). ( ) 2 = ( ) × ( ) =
5 5 5 25

d). ( 0.3 )2 = 0.3 × 0.3 = 0.09

- the square of any number is greater than zero and is always positive.

B. SQUARE ROOTS

- the square roots of any number is the number when multiplied by itself,
equals to the given number.(inverse operation of squaring that number)
- If x = a2, then x = a 2 = a × a = a
- examples :
a). 9 = 3 × 3 = 3

4 2× 2 2
b). = =
9 3× 3 3

c). 0.36 = 0.6 × 0.6 = 0.6

- some fractions are required to reduce to the lowest terms in order to


find the square roots.
- examples:
8 4 2× 2 2
a). = = =
18 9 3× 3 3

- to find the square roots of a mixed number, change the mixed


number into an improper fraction.
- example :
11 36 6×6 6
a). 1 = = =
25 25 5× 5 5

- The square root of negative numbers do not exist

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 10


Module PMR

SQUARES SQUARE ROOTS

12 = 1 1 = 1

22 = 4 4 = 2

32 = 9 9 = 3

42 = 16 16 = 4

52 = 25 25 = 5

62 = 36 36 = 6

72 = 49 49 = 7

82 = 64 64 = 8

92 = 81 81 = 9

102 = 100 100 = 10

112 = 121 121 = 11

122 = 144 144 = 12

132 = 169 169 = 13

142 = 196 196 = 14

152 = 225 225 = 15

162 = 256 256 = 16

172 = 289 289 = 17

182 = 324 324 = 18

192 = 361 361 = 19

202 = 400 400 = 20

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 11


Module PMR

C. CUBES

- a number multiply by itself twice


- a3 = a x a x a
- examples :

a). 33 = 3 x 3 x 3 = 27

2 2 2 2 8
b). ( )3 = × × =
3 3 3 3 27

c). ( 0.2 )3 = 0.2 x 0.2 x 0.2 = 0.008

d). ( - 5 )3 = ( - 5 ) x ( - 5 ) x ( - 5 ) = - 125

- The cube of a positive number is positive


- The cube of a negative number is negative.

D. CUBE ROOTS

- a number when multiply by itself twice, equal to the given number.


- 3
a3 = 3 a × a × a = a
- examples :

a). 3
8 = 3 2× 2× 2 = 2

8 2× 2× 2 2
b). 3 =3 =
125 5×5×5 5

c). 3
0.216 = 3 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.6 = 0.6

d). 3
− 64 = 3 ( −4) × (−4) × (−4) = −4

- The cube root of a positive number is positive, the cube root of a


negative number is negative.

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 12


Module PMR

CUBES CUBE ROOTS

13 = 1 3
1 = 1

23 = 8 3
8 = 2

33 = 27 3
27 = 3

43 = 64 3
64 = 4

53 = 125 3
125 = 5

63 = 216 3
216 = 6

73 = 343 3
343 = 7

83 = 512 3
512 = 8

93 = 729 3
729 = 9

103 = 1000 3
1000 = 10

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 13


Module PMR

QUESTIONS :

A. Find the value of the following.

1). 32 = 2). 62 =

3). 82 = 4). 92 =

5). 112 = 6). 122 =

7). ( - 2 )2 = 8). ( - 4 )2 =

9). ( - 5 )2 = 10). ( - 7 )2 =

11). ( - 9 )2 = 12). ( - 10 )2 =

2 2
1 2
13).   = 14).   =
2 5

2 2
3  1
15).   = 16). 1  =
7  5

2 2
 4  1
17).  −  = 18).  − 1  =
 9  3

2 2
 2 7
19).  − 3  = 20).   =
 3  12 

21). ( 0.4 )2 = 22). ( 1.2 )2 =

23). ( - 0.3 )2 = 24). ( - 0.05 )2 =

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 14


Module PMR

B. Find the value of the following.

1). 4 = 2). 25 =

3). 64 = 4). 81 =

5). 100 = 6). 144 =

7). 225 = 8). 196 =

1 4
9). = 10). =
64 25

9 7
11). = 12). 1 =
100 9

9 1
13). 1 = 14). 11 =
16 9

1 50
15). 12 = 16). =
4 162

46 21
17). 2 = 18). 4 =
49 25

19. 0.64 = 20. 0.0025 =

21. 1.21 = 22. 2.25 =

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 15


Module PMR

C. Find the values of the following:

1). 23 = 2). 43 =

3). 73 = 4). ( - 5 )3 =

5). ( - 3 )3 = 6). 103 =

3 3
2 3
7).   = 8).   =
5 4

3 3
1  1
9).   = 10). 1  =
6  4

3 3
 2  7
11).  − 1  = 12).  −  =
 3  10 

13). ( 0.1 )3 = 14). ( 0.6 )3 =

15). ( - 0.2 )3 = 16). ( - 0.03 )3 =

17). ( 1.2 )3 = 18). ( - 0.4 )3 =

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 16


Module PMR

D. Find the value of the following.

1). 3
8 = 2). 3
27 =

3). 3
216 = 4). 3
− 125 =

5). 3
− 512 = 6). 3
343 =

7). 3
− 1000 = 1
8). 3 =
8

27 3
9). 3 = 10). 3 3 =
64 8

1000 61
11). 3 = 12). 3 −1 =
125 64

13). 3
0.343 = 14). 3
0.000216 =

15). 3
− 0.064 = 16). 3
− 0.125 =

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 17


Module PMR

Common Errors.

Questions Errors Correct Steps

1. a). Find the value a). (-5) x (-5) x (-5) a). – 5 1m


0f 3 − 125 . or
5 P0

2
1 
b).  × 4  2
b).Calculate the value of 1 
8  b).  × ( − 4 ) 
1 3  8 
 × − 64  2 .
8  1
2

=  K0 2
2  1
= −  1m
 2
1 1
=  ×   1  1
2 2 = −  × − 
 2  2
1
= N0 1
4 = 1m
4

2. a). Find the value of a). 0.006 P0 a). 0.6 1m


3
0.216 .

b).Calculate the value of b).  5  − 13


3
5 
b).  − 1
 25 
3
4 4 
 
 16 − 1 .
  5 1 3
= − 5 4
4 1 = − 
4 4
5 4
= − K0 3
4 4 1
=  1m
4
1
= N0
4 1
= 1m
64

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 18


Module PMR

3. a). Find the value of a).  1 


3
 1  1  1 a).  −  1m
 1 − ×− ×−   27 
 −  .
 3  3  3  3

or

1
P0
27
b). Calculate the value of
3
( − 2) 3 × 9 b). 8 x
9
K0 b). ( − 8) ×
16 4
16
9
=
2 = ( − 2) × 3 1m
1
= 4 N0 = –6 1m
2

Questions based on PMR format

2
1
1. a). Find the value of   .
 3
b). Calculate the value of ( 36 − 8 . ) 3

2. a). Find the value of 0.008 .


3

b). Calculate the value of 16 – 3


− 27 .

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 19


Module PMR

3. a). Find the value of 3


− 0.216 .
1 3 27
b). Calculate the value of − − .
2 8

4. a). Find the value of 0.81 .


(
b). Calculate the value of 4.5 ÷ 3 27 . ) 2

5. a). Find the value of 343 .


3

b). Calculate the value of 15 – 3


− 64 .

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 20


Module PMR

3
 1
6. a). Find the value of  −  .
 4
9 1
b). Calculate the value of ÷ .
64 16

24
7. a). Find the value of 1 .
25
b). Calculate the value of 92 + 122 .

1
8. a). Find the value of 7 .
9
(
b). Calculate the value of 33 − 144 . ) 2

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 21


Module PMR

9. a). Find the value of (- 0.4)2 .


( 2
b). Calculate the value of 5.5 ÷ 25 . )

3
 1
10. a). Find the value of  −  .
 5
216
b). Calculate the value of 52 x 3 − .
125

1
11. a). Find the value of 20 .
4
b). Calculate the value of 102 – 3
− 1000 .

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 22


Module PMR

12. a). Find the value of 3


0.216 .
b). Calculate the value of ( )
0.81 + 0.3 .
2

PMR Past Years Questions

2004

a). Find the value of 3


0.512 .
27
b). Calculate the value of 42 x 3 − . ( 3 marks )
8

2005
3
 1
a). Find the value of  −  .
 4
(
b). Calculate the value of 4.2 ÷ 3 27 . ) 2
( 3 marks )

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 23


Module PMR

2006

a). Find the value of 0.49 .


3
 25 
b). Calculate the value of  − 1 ( 3 marks )
 16 

2007

a). Find the value of 3


− 64 .
3
1 
b). Calculate the value of  × 36  . ( 3 marks )
2 

2008

1
a). Find the value of 3 − .
27
(
b). Calculate the value of 16 − 81 . ) 2
( 3 marks )

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 24


Module PMR

CHAPTER 2 : SQUARES ROOTS,CUBES,&CUBE ROOTS


ANSWERS
A.

1). 9 2). 36

3). 64 4). 81

5). 121 6). 144

7). 4 8). 16

9). 25 10). 49

11). 81 12). 100

1 4
13). 14).
4 25

9 36 11
15). 16). =1
49 25 25

16 16 7
17). 18). =1
81 9 9

121 4 49
19). = 13 20).
9 9 144

21). 0.16 22). 1.44

23). 0.09 24). 0.0025

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 25


Module PMR

B.

1). 2 2). 5

3). 8 4). 9

5). 10 6). 12

7). 15 8). 14

1 2
9). 10).
8 5

3 4 1
11). 12). =1
10 3 3

5 1 10 1
13). =1 14). =3
4 4 3 3

7 1 5
15). =3 16).
2 2 9

12 5 11 1
17). =1 18). =2
7 7 5 5

19). 0.8 20). 0.05

21). 1.1 22). 1.5

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 26


Module PMR

C.

1). 8 2). 64

3). 343 4). – 125

5). – 27 6). 1000

8 27
7). 8).
125 64

1 125 61
9). 10). =1
216 64 64

125 17 343
11). − = −4 12). −
27 27 1000

13). 0.001 14). 0.216

15). – 0.008 16). – 0.00027

17). 1.728 18). – 0.064

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 27


Module PMR

D.

1). 2 2). 3

3). 6 4). – 5

5). – 8 6). 7

7). – 10 1
8).
2

3 3 1
9). 10). =1
4 2 2

10 3 1
11). =2 12). − = −1
5 2 2

13). 0.7 14). 0.5

15). – 0.4 16). – 0.5

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 28


Module PMR

No. Marking Scheme Marks

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 29


Module PMR

1. 1
a). 1
9

b). ( - 2 )3 1

-8 1
=3
2.
a). 0.2 1

b). 16 + 3 1

19 1
=3
3.
a). – 0.6 1

1 3
b). +
2 2 1

4
=2 1
2
=3
4.
a). 0.9 1

b). ( 1.5 )2 1

2.25 1
=3
5.
a). 7 1

b). 15 + 4 1

19 1
=3
6. 1
a). − 1
64

3 4
b). × 1
8 1

3 1
=1 1
2 2 =3

7.

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 30


Module PMR

7 2 1
a). =1
5 5
1
b). 225
1
=3
15
8. 8 2
a). =2
3 3 1

b). 152 1

225 1
=3
9.
a). 0.16 1

b). ( 1.1)2 1

1.21 1
=3
10. 1
a). − 1
125

 6
b). 25 ×  −  1
 5

- 30 1
=3

11. 9 1
a). =4
2 2 1

b). 100 + 10 1

110 1
=3

12.
a). 0.6 1

b). ( 1.2 )2 1

1.44 1
=3

2004
Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 31
Module PMR

a). 0.8 1

3
b). 16 × − 1
2

- 24 1
=3
2005 1
a). − 1
64

b). ( 1.4)2 1

1.96 1
=3
2006
a). 0.7 1

3
1
b).   1
4

1 1
64 =3
2007
a). – 4 1

b). ( 3 )3 1

27 1
=3
2008 1
a). − 1
3

b). 72 1

49 1
=3

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 32

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