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Acceptable Quality Level

Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) refers to the maximum percentage of defects allowable in a batch of products. AQL levels, usually expressed as percentages, are agreed upon by customers and suppliers. For garment batches, common AQL levels are 2.5%, 4%, 6.5%, and 10% depending on quality characteristics and price. Tables 1 and 2 provide sampling plans to inspect batches based on their size and specified AQL, identifying the sample size needed and number of acceptable and rejecting defects to determine if a batch passes or fails inspection.

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732 views3 pages

Acceptable Quality Level

Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) refers to the maximum percentage of defects allowable in a batch of products. AQL levels, usually expressed as percentages, are agreed upon by customers and suppliers. For garment batches, common AQL levels are 2.5%, 4%, 6.5%, and 10% depending on quality characteristics and price. Tables 1 and 2 provide sampling plans to inspect batches based on their size and specified AQL, identifying the sample size needed and number of acceptable and rejecting defects to determine if a batch passes or fails inspection.

Uploaded by

Amarech Yigezu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Acceptable Quality Level (AQL)

It is the maximum percent defective that, for the purpose of sampling inspection, can be considered satisfactory as a process average. AQL is the specific value for a certain defect or group of defect that the customer provide to the supplier as his acceptance level of a particular lot/batch provided statistical sampling procedures are used. AQL is usually expressed in percent (%). It means that accepted lot/batch will not contain more than X% defective (assuming X is the value of selected AQL). The AQLs for garment pieces are usually 2.5, 4.0, 6.5 and 10 depending upon the quality characteristics and prices (refer table 1 & 2) Percent defective = Number of defective units Number of units inspected x 100

Table-1: Sample size code letters Lot or Batch Size


2 to 8 9 to 15 16 to 25 26 to 50 51 to 90 91 to 150 151 to 280 281 to 500 501 to 1200 1201 to 3200 3201 to 10000 10001 to 35000

Sample Size Code Letters


A B C D E F G H J K L M

Source: ANSI/ASQC Z 1.4, the sample procedure and tables for inspection by attribute

Table-2: Sampling plan

Sampl e Size Code Letter s


A B C D E F G H J K L M

Sampl e Size

Acceptable Quality Level 2.5 Acpt. Rejct.


1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 6 8 11 15

4.0 Acpt
0 0 0 1 1 2 3 5 7 10 14 21

6.5 Acpt
0 0 0 1 2 3 5 7 10 14 21 21

10 Acpt
1 1 1 2 3 5 7 10 14 21 21 21

Rejct.
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 6 8 11 15 22

Rejct.
1 1 1 2 3 4 6 8 11 15 22 22

Rejct.
2 2 2 3 4 6 8 11 15 22 22 22

2 3 5 8 13 20 32 50 80 125 200 315

0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 5 7 10 14

Source: ANSI/ASQC Z 1.4, the sample procedure and tables for inspection by attribute

Selection of sample plan


Sample size can be selected by considering the two factors i.e. lot size and AQL from table 1 & 2 above. Example: Find a sample plan for a lot/batch size of 2000 garments and an AQL of 2.5. a) Refer table-1: lot size of 2000 corresponds to sample size code letter K b) Refer Table-2: code K corresponds to sample size 125 c) Refer Table-2: code K and sample size 125 corresponds to the acpt. (acceptance) of 7 and Rejct. (Rejection) of 8 at AQL of 2.5. This illustrate that if the number of defective garments is 7 or less out of sample of 125 garments, the lot of 2000 garments is accepted. This also illustrate that if the number of defective garments is 8 or more out of sample of 125 garments, the lot of 2000 garments is rejected. The table also shows that changing the AQL from 2.5 to 4.0, 6.5 or 10 for the same lot/batch i.e. 2000 garment will result in different sets of acceptance or rejection number.
It is observed that the higher the AQL used, the lower the accepted quality

level and vice versa.

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