ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

CONSTRUCTION OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE ACTIVE VOICE Subject-Verb-Object Ali eats the red apple. The car ran !er the cat. They are discussing the pr blem in the library. $e was counting the m ney "hen it "as snatched by the armed man. They will roast the lamb be& re ni#ht&all. Have the #irls watered the plants' They had taken the b (s t the st re. * u ought to warn him that he "ill be punished i& he is cau#ht. PASSIVE VOICE Object-Verb-Subject The red apple is eaten by Ali. The cat was run !er by the car. The pr blem is being discussed in the library. The m ney was being counted "hen it "as snatched by the armed man. The lamb will be roasted by ni#ht&all. Have the plants been watered by the #irls' The b (s had been taken t the st re. $e ought to be warned that he "ill be punished i& he is cau#ht.

Simple Present Simple Past Present C ntinu us Past C ntinu us Simple %uture Present Per&ect Past Per&ect ) dals

am/is/are + past participle "as/"ere + past participle am/is/are + bein# + past participle "as/"ere + bein# + past participle shall/"ill + be + past participle has/ha!e + been + past participle had + been + past participle m dal + be + past participle

Summary & the tenses used in acti!e and passi!e ! ice. TE+SES Simple Present Present C ntinu us Present Per&ect Simple Past Past C ntinu us Past Per&ect Simple %uture %uture C ntinu us ACTIVE VOICE eats is eatin# has eaten ate "as eatin# had eaten "ill eat "ill be eatin# PASSIVE VOICE is eaten is bein# eaten has been eaten "as eaten "as bein# eaten had been eaten "ill be eaten -

CHANGING ACTIVE VOICE TO PASSIVE VOICE

,e & rm the passi!e ! ice by usin# the verb to be + past particip e. The & ll "in# are rules "hich are bser!ed "hen chan#in# acti!e ! ice t passi!e ! ice.. In acti!e ! ice/ the subject is the & cus. In the passi!e ! ice/ the acti n is m re imp rtant. ,e use the passi!e ! ice "hen "e "ant t stress the imp rtance & the acti n rather than the d er. E0ampleACTIVE VOICE She found the b (s in the bedr They lock the d r e!ery ni#ht. We will wash th se cups a#ain. m. PASSIVE VOICE The books were found in the bedr The door is locked e!ery ni#ht. Those cups will be washed a#ain. m.

Note: Only transiti!e !erbs can be used in the passi!e ! ice. The bject in the acti!e ! ice bec mes the subject in the passi!e ! ice. 1. ,e use by t intr duce the d er in the passi!e ! ice nly i& it is necessary t c mplete the meanin# & the sentence. Acti!e The hunter has just sh t d "n a bird. Passi!eA bird has just been sh t d "n by the hunter. Acti!e Passi!eThe #ardener "ill pull ut the "eeds. The "eeds "ill be pulled ut by the gardener.

2. ,e use the passi!e ! ice "hen the d er & the acti n is un(n "n r rather !a#ue. ACTIVE VOICE Somebody t re the ma#a3ines just n ". People ma(e chairs & " d. Someone has rem !ed the cushi n c !ers. They planted the trees in the #arden. Someone pins up n tices n this b ard e!ery m rnin#. You "ill ha!e t deal "ith these pr blems ne at a time. We ha!e & und the ans"er t the pr blem. PASSIVE VOICE The ma#a3ine "as t rn just n ". Chairs are made & " d. The cushi n c !ers ha!e been rem !ed. The trees "ere planted in the #arden. + tices are pinned up n this b ard in this b ard e!ery m rnin#. These pr blems "ill ha!e t be dealt "ith ne at a time. The ans"er t the pr blem has been & und.

4. to!i"#i"itive is used a&ter !erbs such as believe, claim, ear, say, know, think, ind
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ACTIVE VOICE E!ery ne (n "s that he is !ery rich. She belie!es that the bus crashed int the ra!ine lea!in# n sur!i! rs. Pe ple claim that he has the m st number & dau#hters in his !illa#e. The !illa#ers &ear that their headman has been (illed by the ti#er. They say that sm (in# is ha3ard us t ne5s health.

PASSIVE VOICE $e is known to be !ery rich. The bus is believed to have crashed int the ra!ine lea!in# n sur!i! rs. $e is claimed to have the m st number & dau#hters in his !illa#e. Their headman is eared to have been (illed by the ti#ers. Sm (in# is believed to be ha3ard us t ne5s health.

6. ,hen there are t" bjects in the sentence/ the indirect bject usually bec mes the subject & the !erb in the passi!e ! ice. Acti!e She #a!e eac$ o# t$e% an ice-cream. Passi!eEac$ o# t$e% "as #i!en an ice-cream. Acti!e Passi!e$is &ather has re&used $i% the m ney. He has been re&used the m ney.

7. ,e must +OT lea!e ut any prep siti ns r ad!erbial particles. ACTIVE VOICE They must carry out all his instructi ns. The sch l bus le t her behind. They have ound out the truth ab ut the &i#ht. She d es n t li(e pe ple to stare at her. The ne"s has spread all over the sch l. PASSIVE VOICE All his instructi ns must be carried out. She was le t behind by the sch l bus. The truth ab ut the &i#ht has been ound out! She d es n t li(e to be stared at. The ne"s has been spread all over the sch l.

8. "t is said is used t intr duced statements "hich are in the there is & rm. ACTIVE VOICE They say that there "ill be an ille#al race t ni#ht at 9alan Tunan#. There is str n# ri!alry bet"een the t" nei#hb urin# sch ls. There is an e0hibiti n & ancient c ins in the h tel l bby. PASSIVE VOICE "t is said that there "ill be an ille#al race t ni#ht at 9alan Tunan#. "t is said that there is str n# ri!alry bet"een the t" nei#hb urin# sch ls. "t is said that there is an e0hibiti n & ancient c ins in the h tel l bby.