Chapter

Outline
In
RS 300
Submitted by: Karl Augustus A. Molina
BS sy!h"#A
Submitted to: Antonio B. Cayetano
Chapter $
Chur!h in the %ight o& 'ati!an II
(. Chur!h as Sa!rament
")Chur!h is the nature o& sa!rament * a sign and instrument+ that is+ o& !ommunion ,ith
-od and o& unity among men..
"/he Chur!h is a means &or the re"presentation and transmission o& sal0ation. She is the
mystery o& sal0ation be!ome publi!
"/he Chur!h ,as already redeemed by 1esus2 passion+ death+ and resurre!tion.
#. Chur!h as Mystery 3es!ribed
"/he identity and mission o& the Chur!h !an only be done ,hen it is )understood only
,ithin the perspe!ti0e o& &aith..
#.( /rinitarian Origin
"/he 4ather+ !reated the ,hole uni0erse and !hose to raise up men to share in his
o,n di0ine li&e
"/he Son+ ,ho is the light o& the ,orld+ &rom ,hom ,e go &orth+ through ,hom
,e li0e and to,ards ,hom our ,hole li&e is dire!ted
"/he 5oly Spirit+ d,ells in the Chur!h and in the hearts o& the &aith&ul
3. Images o& the Chur!h
3.( eople o& -od
"By 0irtue o& our baptism in Christ+ ,e be!ome a. . .
"Priestly: ,e o&&er spiritual ,orship &or the glory o& -od and sal0ation o&
men
"Prophetic: ,e gi0e ,itness to Christ by our understanding o& the &aith
and the gra!e o& spee!h
"Kingly: ,e share in the po,er o& Christ the King ,ho !ame to ser0e and
gi0e his li&e as a ransom &or the many
3.# Body o& Christ
/o say that the Chur!h is the Body o& Christ essentially means:
"One Body: Belie0ers+ ,ho respond in -od2s ,ord and be!ome members o&
Christ2s Body+ be!ome intimately !onne!ted ,ith him.
"Christ is the head o& the body: all 5is members must stri0e to resemble li6e him
"/he Chur!h is the bride o& Christ: 5e has 7oined her ,ith himsel& in an
e0erlasting !o0enant and ne0er stop !aring &or her as &or his o,n body.
3.3 /emple o& the 5oly Spirit
"/he ,or6 o& redemption &or the Chur!h is mo0ed+ inspired+ and sustained by the
5oly Spirit.
8. 4our Mar6s o& the Chur!h
8.( Chur!h as One
"/he Chur!h originated &rom the unity o& the 5oly /rinity: the 4ather+ the Son+
and the Spirit.
"An in0itation to unity is understood as a !alling+ a tas6 to be done.
"Heresy: /he obstinate denial
"Apostasy: /otal repudiation o& the Christian &aith
"Schism: 9ithdra,al or submission to the Supreme onti&&
8.# Chur!h as 5oly
"/he holiness o& the Chur!h originates &rom -od ,ho is holy.
"/he Chur!h )!alls all to holiness. through the ,ay o& lo0e and !harity
8.3 Chur!h as Catholi!
"/he ,ord Catholic is deri0ed &rom the -ree6 ad7e!ti0e Katholikos+ meaning
general+ total+ or uni0ersal.
8.8 Chur!h as Apostoli!
"She !ontinues to be taught+ san!ti&ied and guided by the apostles until Christ2s
return+ through their su!!essors in pastoral o&&i!e
8.8.( Bishops as the Su!!essors o& the Apostles
"Bishops ha0e by di0ine institution ta6en the pla!e o& the apostles as
pastors o& the Chur!h
Chapter :
/he Chur!h and the -rassroots
(. /he 4ilipino ;<perien!e in the %ight o& C II
"/he Catholi! Chur!h in the hilippines held its Se!ond lenary Coun!il in Manila &rom
1anuary #0 to 4ebruary (:+ (==(
(.( 4our&old 3imensions o& C II
a. /he 4ilipino !ulture as the !onte<t
b. /he Spirit o& the >e, ;0angeli?ation
!. Christ as 4o!us
d. astoral Orientation
#. /he Chur!h o& the oor
#.( 1esus2 re&erential Optional &or the oor
"C II emphasi?es 1esus2 !all that )he ,anted his dis!iples to imitate. In the end+
he tells us+ our eternal destiny depends on ho, ,e treat the least o& his brethren..
"C II re"a&&irms 'ati!an II2s !laim proper to e0ery person ,hi!h )tea!hes that
e0ery man has the right to possess a su&&i!ient amount o& the earth2s goods &or himsel& and his
&amily..
#.# Chur!h o& the oor 3e&ined
"It is one ,hose members and leaders ha0e a spe!ial lo0e &or the poor
"It is one ,here+ at the 0ery least the poor are not dis!riminated against be!ause o&
their po0erty
"It is one that ,ill be in solidarity ,ith the poor
"It also means that the Chur!h ,ill not only e0angeli?e the poor+ but that the poor
in the Chur!h ,ill themsel0es be!ome e0angeli?ers
"astors and leaders ,ill learn to be ,ith+ ,or6 ,ith and learn &rom the poor
"It is one ,here the entire !ommunity o& dis!iples ,ill ha0e su!h a lo0e or
pre&eren!e &or the poor
3. Basi! ;!!lesial Community
3.( B;C 3e&ined
"/hey are small !ommunities o& Christians+ usually o& &amilies ,ho gather
together around the 9ord o& -od and the ;u!harist.
"/he intention o& C II is that the B;Cs be!ome a lo!us and an instrument o&
shared en!ounter by indi0iduals and &amilies.
3.# B;C A!ti0ities
"Bible sharing
"astoral lanning
"Both done in a genuinely parti!ipatory ,ay
"4lores de Mayo+ 4iesta
3.3 Beginning o& B;C in the hilippines
"4irst organi?ed in the Island o& Mindanao+ parti!ularly the relature >ullius o&
/agum in the year (=30s
"-agmay2ng Kristohanong Katilingban @-KKA be!ame the name o& ea!h lo!al+
organi?ed !ommunities in the relature o& /agum ,here the &aith&ul meet together in seminars
and in the Kasaulogan sa ulong under the guidan!e o& a 6aabag or lay minister.
8. 4amily as 3omesti! Chur!h
"/he Chur!h re!ogni?es the essential role o& the &amily in its e0angeli?ing mission
"C II des!ribes the role o& the &amily in the li&e o& the Chur!h: the &amily is ,here the
7ourney in &aith"li&e is initiated and guided to,ards maturity
"/he Christian &amily !onstitutes a spe!i&i! re0elation and reali?ation o& e!!lesial
!ommunion
8.( 3uties o& arents
"/he &e!undity o& !on7ugal lo0e !annot be redu!ed solely on the pro!reation o&
!hildren
"/he right and the duty o& parents to edu!ate their !hildren are primordial and
inalienable
8.# 3uties o& Children
"/he respe!t o& !hildren &or their &ather and mother is nourished by natural
a&&e!tion born o& the bond uniting them.
"/he respe!t that !hildren sho, to,ards their parents must be grounded on their
sin!ere gratitude
"/he !hildren )must gi0e their parents material and moral support in old age and
in times o& illness+ loneliness+ or distress
"/he !hildren in the &amily are e<pe!ted to sho, respe!t and understanding to
their siblings
Chapter B
5istori!o"/heologi!al O0er0ie, o& the Se0en"Sa!raments
(. rin!iple o& Sa!ramentality
";a!h sa!rament !on&ers gra!e. ;0ery sa!ramentum@e<ternal signA !auses gra!e
#. Se0en Sa!raments: 3e0elopments /hrough the Centuries
#.( )/ime&rame. o& the Se0en Sa!raments
">ot all the se0en sa!raments ,ere e<pli!itly instituted by 1esus Christ
"In truth+ there are no e<pli!it e0iden!es that pro0e that 1esus ,illed that the
Chur!h should ha0e se0en sa!raments
";arly Christians adopted the -ree6 ,ord )mysterion. ,hi!h re&ers to )something
hidden or se!ret.
"/he ,ord sa!ramentum repla!ed the -ree6 ,ord mysterion. But /ertullian only
regarded Baptism and ;u!harist as the sa!red rites.
"Contributors to sa!ramental theology:
a. Augustine * his de&inition o& sa!rament as )a sign o& a sa!red thing.
b. Isidore o& Se0ille * dis!o0ered an important aspe!t o& the sa!raments * the a!t
o& remembran!e or anamnesis
!. 5ugh * proposed a narro,er de&inition o& sa!rament ,hi!h in!ludes )not only
the &amiliar se0en but also su!h things as the in!arnation o& Christ+ the Chur!h+ holy ,ater+ bleed
ashes+ the sign o& the !ross+ and 0o,s.
d. eter Abelard * enumerated only $ sa!raments+ e<!luding holy orders
e. eter %ombard * his ,or6 ,as a!!epted and !ame to be adopted as a
)standard theologi!al sour!e boo6 &or all beginning theology students.
3. Sa!rament 3e&ined
"Sa!rament is )a sensible sign+ instituted by Christ in order to gi0e gra!e.
"C4C states that sa!raments )are sa0ing symboli! a!ts or 0isible signs+ by and &or the
Chur!h+ ,hi!h+ &ashions us into li6eness to Christ in his as!hal Mystery+ through the po,er o&
the 5oly Spirit.
8. 1esus as the rimordial Sa!rament
"1esus )instituted. the sa!raments by &irst being the sa!rament o& his 4ather through his
,hole li&e o& ,ord and a!tion
"C4C2s !lear e<planations on 1esus as the rimordial Sa!rament:
a. Sour!eCOriginator * 1esus is the one ,hom all the sa!raments are rooted
b. rimary Agent * 5e is the one ,ho heals+ o&&ers himsel& in sa!ri&i!e+ binds in
&aith&ul lo0e+ and !onse!rates &or ser0i!e
!. -oal o& all Sa!raments * Christ is the per&e!tion to,ard ,hi!h our li&e on earth
tends
D. Chur!h as the 4oundationCBasi! Sa!rament
"/he Chur!h utters the ;pi!lesis in order to ma6e the signs e&&e!ti0e and e&&i!a!ious as
they are intended to be. It is in this sense that the Chur!h is !onsidered as the 4oundationCBasi!
Sa!rament
$. urpose o& the Sa!raments
"/he e&&e!t o& the sa!raments is t,o&old: to dra, us into a !loser relationship to the
Chur!h+ and thereby to relationship to Christ himsel&+ in the Spirit and to the 4ather.
"/he sa!raments gradually trans&orm us into Christ2s ,ay o& thin6ing+ a!ting+ praying and
lo0ing+ &orgi0ing and ser0ing
Chapter =
Se0en Sa!raments o& the Catholi! Chur!h
SACRAMENTS OF INITIATION
(. Baptism
"It puri&ies one &rom all sins
"-i0e san!ti&ying gra!e+ in!orporates us into the Chur!h+ and gi0es a share in the
!ommon priesthood o& all belie0ers
"residers use ,ater to bapti?e then+ !ites the prayer
"Baptism is a time o& li0ing out Christian responsibilities and duties
"In addition+ baptism seals the Christian ,ith the indelible spiritual mar6 o& his belonging
to Christ.
#. Con&irmation
"It is !on&erred through the anointing o& !hrism on the &orehead+ ,hi!h is done by the
laying on o& hand and through the By?antine &ormula
"It enables us to parti!ipate more intensely in the mission o& 1esus Christ and o& the
Chur!h
3. 5oly ;u!harist
"3one by re!ei0ing the body and blood o& Christ as a &orm o& bread and ,ine
"/his !ommuni!ation ,ith Christ brings us true li&e+ &orgi0e our sins+ and to be
re!on!iled+ uniting us in the sharing o& &ood and drin6 in a sa!red meal hosted by Christ himsel&.
"Trans!stantiation: the body and blood o& Christ is !hanged into a reality o& a di&&erent
le0el as the earthly substan!e+ bread and ,ine.
SACRAMENTS OF "OCATION
8. 5oly Order
"It is !on&erred by the imposition o& hands and prayer o& !onse!ration.
"Only a bapti?ed man 0alidly re!ei0es sa!red ordination
"/he gra!e o& the 5oly Spirit is poured on the person ,ho re!ei0ed it.
"/hree 3egrees o& 5oly Orders:
"Episcopate #$ishops% * Re!ei0es the &ullness o& the sa!rament and ma6es him
the 0isible head o& the parti!ular Chur!h entrusted to him
"Pres!yterate #Priests% * /hey are !alled to be the bishops2 prudent !o",or6ers.
/hey re!ei0e &orm the bishop the !harge o& a parish !ommunity.
"&iaconate #&eacons% * Ordained &or the tas6s o& ser0i!e o& the Chur!h. /hey are
important in the ministry o& the 9ord+ di0ine ,orship+ pastoral go0ernan!e+ and the ser0i!e o&
!harity
D. 5oly Matrimony
"It is the gi0ing and a!!epting ea!h other as husband and ,i&e
"Matrimony only re!ogni?es the priest as the ,itness to the union o& the !andidates &or
marriage.
"Co'enant: an un!onditional and irre0o!able !ommitment bet,een the married !ouple
united in lo0e
SACRAMENTS OF HEA(IN)
$. enan!e
;ssential parts o& penan!e:
"Contrition: sorro, o& the soul and detestation &or the sin
"Con*ession: all gra0eCmortal sins !ommitted
"Penance: sins !ommitted by restitution and reparation o& in7ury+ and &irm
purpose o& rene,al o& li&e
"A!soltion: the e&&i!a!ious sign o& -od2s pardon
"/he &orm o& the Sa!rament o& enan!e+ is pla!ed those ,ords o& the minister: )I absol0e
thee.
"As a result+ the penitent is Reconcile+ ,ith )o+- in ,hi!h there is restoration o& the
dignity and blessings o& the li&e o& the !hildren o& -od+ and Reconcile+ ,ith the Chrch- in
,hi!h one is restored to one2s e!!lesial !ommunity
:. Anointing o& the Si!6
"/he minister uses Oli0e oil or any plant oil in anointing ,hile saying a prayer
"It strengthensE gi0e pea!e and !ourage to endure the su&&ering in a Christian manner+ and
it is a preparation o& passing o0er to the ne<t li&e
"It is an alternate to the sa!rament o& enan!e
Celebration o& the Sa!rament:
(. The Prayer o* Faith: In ,hi!h the people o& -od represented by the priest+ the &amily+
&riends+ and others+ pray &or those to be anointed
#. The (aying on o* Han+s: Imitating 1esus2 o,n gesture o& healing+ and in0o6ing the
!oming o& the 5oly Spirit ,ho brings the blessings o& -od2s healing gra!e upon the si!6 person.
3. Anointing ,ith Oil: Made holy by -od2s blessing+ signi&ying the strengthening and
healing that !omes &rom the Spirit. Anointing the &orehead and hands o& the si!6.
Chapter (0
Sa!ramentals
9ith -od2s in&inite ,ays o& mani&esting himsel& in the present and the !on!rete+ not 7ust
limited to the e&&i!a!ious signs o& the se0en sa!raments+ 5e re0eals himsel& in signs and symbols
that ,ere instituted by the Chur!h.
(. Sa!ramentals 3e&ined
"Sa!ramentals are )sa!red signs ,hi!h bear a resemblan!e to the sa!raments.
#. >ature and urpose
"/he sa!ramental positi0ely and !reati0ely &oster and &a!ilitate the gro,th and maturity o&
&aith+ though they do not !on&er san!ti&ying gra!e to an indi0idual and a !ommunity o& belie0ers.
/hey are instruments in order to attune us to,ards -od
3. Minister o& Sa!raments
"In sa!ramental+ there is a greater &reedom &or the lay &aith&ul to per&orm or re!ei0e it+
!arry or pra!ti!e it.
8. 'ariety o& Sa!ramentals
In terms o& 0ariety+ sa!ramental re&er toF
8.( Blessings
"/hey in0ol0e in0o6ing the name o& 1esus
"A blessing o&ten in0ol0es an in0o!ation o& Christ
8.(.( Blessings &or ersons
8.(.# Blessings &or la!es
8.(.3 Blessings &or Ob7e!tsC/hings
8.# A!tions
"9hen ,e ,orship -od+ ,e use both our mind and our body
"/hrough sa!ramental a!tions+ ,e are indeed disposed to,ards -od
8.3 9ords
"/hey re&er to the ,ords ,e utter in our personal and !ommunal prayers
8.8 Ob7e!ts
"A uniGue distin!tion in Catholi! li&e &rom non"Catholi! !hur!hes is its numerous
0ariety o& sa!ramental ob7e!ts li6e !rossC!ru!i&i<+ religious images+ !andles+ rosaries+ et!.
8.D /ime
"/ime !an also be sa!red &or Catholi!s. ;<ample is the liturgi!al season o& the
Chur!h+ li6e %ent+ and Ad0ent.
Chapter ((
Christian ;s!hatology
;s!hatology is all about hope: &or man2s e<isten!e only &inds+ and reali?es its de&initi0e+
&inal and per&e!t destiny in -od. It is the area o& theology ,hi!h is dire!tly !on!erned ,ith the
)the study o& the last things.. /he )last thing. is -od+ or more pre!isely+ the &inal mani&estation
o& the re!on!iling+ rene,ing+ and uni&ying lo0e o& -od. It is the sour!e o& reason+ the ,ellspring
o& hope &or us to stri0e our best in e0ery ,ay that ,e !an+ to be!ome signs+ and ,itnesses o& the
di0ine promise+ to li0e a li&e ,orthy o& the !alling.
(. 3eath and Resurre!tion
"/here is a true resurre!tion o& the body &or all the dead
"3eath is the ,ay by ,hi!h 1esus made mani&est his great lo0e &or us ,hen he redeemed
us &rom death as the !onseGuen!e o& sin.
#. 5ell
"/he essential !hara!teristi! o& 5ell: ;ternal separation &rom -od
3. 5ea0en
"5ea0en is our eternal union ,ith -od
"5ea0en is o&ten des!ribed as the )beati&i! 0ision.
8. urgatory
"/he do!trine on urgatory a&&irms this truth: in all ,ays possible+ e<!ept in the ,ays o&
sin+ the %ord ,ills all to be sa0ed through his mer!y+ !ompassion+ and lo0e+ and ma6e us share in
his di0ine li&e * truly a lo0e so di0ine+ and Immeasurable.
D. arousia
"arousia * ,hen Christ ,ill !ome in glory to 7udge the li0ing and the dead
"/his 7udgment ,ill not be made by Christ alone+ but ,ith all those ,ho are in Christ and
li0e by him * the apostles+ the angels+ and the saints
$. >e, ;arth and >e, 5ea0en
"9e are taught that -od is preparing a ne, d,elling pla!e and a ne, earth+ ,here 7usti!e
,ill reign and ,hose happiness ,ill &ul&ill and surpass all the longings &or pea!e that arise in the
hearts o& people