Page 1 of 34

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

Chapter 6 Functions


Try these 6.1

(a) This relation is a function.
(b) This relation is not a function since e does not map onto any values in the range.
(c) 1 7 and 1 8, Since 1 maps onto two different values, this relation is not a function.


Try these 6.2

(a) x 4 must be positive in order to find a real solution for (x 4)
x 4 0, x 4
Hence, domain is x: x , x 4
Range is y
(b) x +1 > 0, x >-1
Hence, domain is x: x , x > -1
Range is y
(c) Domain is x
As x , e
x
, y
As x , e
x
0, y 1
Range is y: y , y > 1


Exercise 6A

1 (a) This is not a function since 7 8 and 7 9
i.e. the value in the domain maps onto two different values in the range.
(b) This relation is a function and the mapping is:
1 2
1 2
3 8
3 8
(c) Not a function since c maps onto two different values.
(d) This relation is a function and the mapping is:
1 2
2 4
3 6
4 8
2 (a) This is a function {(a,1), (b,1), (c,2), (d,3)}
(b) This is not a function since t maps onto two different values.
(c) This is a function since each value in the domain maps onto one value in the range.
{(2, a), (4, b), (6, c), (8, d), (10, c), (12, b)}
3 g(x) =4x5
(a) x =0, g(x) =5
x =1, g(x) =4 5 =1
x =2, g(x) =8 5 =3
Page 2 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

x =3, g(x) =12 5 =7
x =4, g(x) =16 5 =11
Range of g is {5, 1, 3, 7, 11}
(b) {(0, 5), (1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 7) (4, 11)}
4 f (x) = x +2 if x < 2
x 1 if x > 8
(x +1)
2
if 2 x 8
(a) f (4) = 4 +2 =2
(b) f (9) =9 1 =8
(c) f (2) =(2 +1)
2
=9
(d) f (8) =(8 +1)
2
=81
5 f(x) =5x 2, x

(a) Any line y =c drawn parallel to the x-axis will cut the graph only once.
f (x) is one-to-one.
(b) Any line drawn parallel to the x-axis cuts the graph at least once (exactly once in this case):
for every y there is a corresponding x mapping onto it. Hence f(x) is an onto function.
6 f (x) =
1
x 4

f (a) =
1
a 4

f (b) =
1
b 4

f (a) =f (b)

1
a 4
=
1
b 4

a 4 =b 4
a=b
Since f (a) =f (b) a =b
f (x) is one-to-one or injective
7 g:
Let us draw the graph of g (x) and use the graph to answer both (a) and (b)
g (x) =x +2, x 0
g (x) =x, x <0
Page 3 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


(a) g (x) is injective since every x maps onto one and only one y
(b) g (x) is not surjective since there are no x-values mapping onto the y-values from 0 to 2
8 g(x) =(x 2)
2


Any line drawn parallel to the x-axis will cut the graph at least once for y
+


Hence every y has a corresponding x mapping onto. Therefore g (x) is surjective.
9 (a) f(x) =x
2
+2, x 0
x +2, x <0
Page 4 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


Any line drawn parallel to the x-axis cuts the graph once.
Hence f(x) is one-to-one and onto
f (x) is bijective
(b) Let y =x
2
+2
To find the inverse, let
x =y
2
+2
y
2
=x 2
y = x 2
Since the range of f(x) 0,
f
-1
(x) = x 2 for x 2
Let y =x +2
x =y +2
y =x 2
f
1
(x) =
x 2, x 2
x- 2, x 2

<

10

(a) Since a line drawn parallel to the x-axis cuts the graph at most once g(x) is one-to-one.
(b) When y =0, there is no x-value mapping onto it
Page 5 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

Hence y is not surjective.
11 f (x) =2x +1, x 0
x 1, x < 0

From the graph there are no x-values mapping onto y from 1 to 1 Hence f (x) is not surjective.
For f (x) to be bijective , f (x) must be both injective and surjective.
f (x) is not bijective.
12 (a)

(b) Any line drawn parallel to the x-axis for y >4 will cut the graph twice.
Hence f (x) is not injective.
Any line drawn parallel to the x-axis for y <4 will not cut the graph, hence f (x) is not
surjective.
(c) g: x x
2
+4, x 0, f (x) 4
(d) y =x
2
+4
x =y
2
+4
y
2
=x 4
y = x 4
Page 6 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

Hence g
1
(x) = x 4 , x 4
13 (a) 1 and 4, since the same x-value maps onto two different y-values, g is not a
function. Also has no value assigned to it.
(b) Removing the mapping 4, and assigning 3
we have f: {(, 1), (, 2), (, 3), (, 4), (, 2), (, 3)}


Try these 6.2

(a) This relation is a function.
(b) This relation is not a function since e does not map onto any values in the range.
(c) 1 7 and 1 8, Since 1 maps onto two different values, this relation is not a function.


Exercise 6B

1 f(x) =4x 2
g(x) =6x +1
gf =g(4x 2) gf: x 24x11
=6 (4x 2) +1
=24x 11
fg =f (6x +1) fg: x 24x +2
=4 (6x +1) 2
=24x +2
2 f(x) =3x +5
g(x) =2x
2
+x +1
gf =g (3x +5) gf: x 18x
2
63x +56
=2(3x +5)
2
+3x +5 +1
=2 [9x
2
+30x +25] +3x +6
=18x
2
+63x +56
fg =f (2x
2
+x +1) fg : x 6x
2
+3x +8
=3(2x
2
+x +1) +5
=6x
2
+3x +8
3 f(x) =x +4
g(x) =
2
x

gf =g (x +4) =
2
x+4

fg =f
2
x
| |
|
\ .
=
2
x
+4
gf: x
2
x+4
, x 4
fg: x
2
x
+4, x 0
4 f(x) =1 +5x
Page 7 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

g(x) =
x 1
x-1
+

gf =g(1 +5x)

1 5x 1
1 5x-1
+ +
=
+

=
5x+2
5x

fg =f
x+1
x-1
| |
|
\ .

=1 +5
x+1
x-1
| |
|
\ .

=
x 1 5x+5
x-1
+

=
6x+4
x-1

gf: x
5x+2
, x 0
5x

fg: x
6 x+4
, x 1
x-1

5 g(x) =2x 1
g
2
=g (2x1) =2(2x1) 1 =4x 3
g
3
=gg
2
=g (4x 3) =2(4x 3) 1 =8x 7
6 g(x) =
x
2x+1

g
2
=g
x
x 2x+1
2x
2x+1
1
2x+1
| |
=
|
\ .
+

=
x
2x+1
2x+2x+1
2x+1

=
x 1 1
, x , x
4x+1 2 4

g
3
=g
x x
x x 1 1 1 4x 1 4x+1
, x , x , x
2x 2x+4x+1
4x+1 6x+1 2 4 6
1
4x 1 4x+1
| | +
= = =
|
\ .
+
+

7 g(x) =
2x+1
x+1

g
2
=g
2x+1
x+1
| |
|
\ .

Page 8 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

=
2x+1
2 1
x+1
2x+1
1
x+1
| |
+
|
\ .
+

=
4x+2+x+1
x+1
2x+1+x+1
x+1

=
5x+3 x 1
x+1 3x+2
+

=
5x+3
3x+2
, x 1, x
2
3

g
3
=g
5x 3
3x 2
| | +
|
+ \ .

=
5x+3
2 1
3x+2
5x+3
1
3x+2
| |
+
|
\ .
+

=
10x+6+3x+2
3x+2
5x+3+3x+2
3x+2

=
13x+8 2 5
, x 1, x , x
8x+5 3 8
.
8 g(x) =
3
4x 2

g
2
=g
3
4x 2
| |
|
\ .

=
3
12
2
4x 2

=
3
12 8x+4
4x 2

=
3(4x 2)
16 8x

=
6(2x 1)
x

8(2 )

=
3(2 1)
4(2 )
x
x

Page 9 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

g
3
=g
3(2x )
4(2 x)
| | 1
|
\ .

=
3
6x 3
2
2 x

=
3(2 x)
6x 3 4+2x

=
3(2 x)
8x 7

9 g(x) =x
2
+2x +3
h(x) =x 2
gh =g (x 2)
=(x 2)
2
+2(x 2) +3
=x
2
4x +4 +2x 4 +3
=x
2
2x +3
hg =h (x
2
+2x +3)
=x
2
+2x +3 2
=x
2
+2x +1
Now gh =hg

2
x 2x +3 =
2
x +2x +1
2 =4x
x =
1
2

10 f(x) =3x 4
g(x) =
x
x+2

fg =f
x
x+2
| |
|
\ .
=
3x
x+2
4
=
3x 4x
x+2
8

=
x 8
x+2


gf =g (3x 4)
=
3x 4 3x 4
3x 4+2 3x 2

=


fg =gf

x 3x 4
x 3x 2
8
=
+ 2

(x 8) (3x 2) =(3x 4) (x +2)

2
x 3 +2x 24x +16 =
2
3x +6x 4x 8
6x
2
+24x 24 =0
x
2
+4x 4 =0
(x2)
2
=0, x =2
Page 10 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

11 (a) y =4x 3
x =4y 3

x 3
y
4
+
=
f
1
: x
x 3
4
+

(b) y =
5
x 2

x =
5
y 2

xy 2x =5
y =
5 2x
x
+

f
1
: x
5 2x
x
+
, x 0
(c) y =
3x 1
x

+ 2

x =
3 1
y
y
+ 2

xy +2x =3y 1
xy 3y = 1 2x
y(x 3) = 1 2x
y =
1 2x
x 3

=
2x+1
3 x

f
1
: x
2x+1
3 x
, x 3
12 (a) 4x
2
+12x +3 =a(x +b)
2
+c
=ax
2
+2abx +ab
2
+c.
Equating coefficients:
a =4
2ab =12 8b =12, b =
12
8
=
3
2

ab
2
+c =3 4
2
3
2
| |
|
\ .
+c =3, c = 6
Hence
4x
2
+12x +3 =4
2
3
x+
2
| |
|
\ .
6
The range of the function is y 6
(b)
Page 11 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


A line y =c drawn parallel to the x-axis cuts the graph more than once hence the function is
not one-to-one and therefore has no inverse.
13 (a) f(x) =
4x 1
3x+2

Let y =
4x 1
3x+2

x =
4y 1
3y+2

x (3y +2) =4y 1
3xy +2x =4y 1
3xy 4y = 2x 1
y(3x 4) = 2x 1
y =
2x 1
3x 4

=
1 2x
4 3x
+

f
1
(x) =
1 2x
4 3x
+

, x
4
3

f
1
(1) =
1 2
4 3
+

=3
f
1
(1) =
1 2 1
4 3 7

=
+

(b) f
1
(x) =x

1 2x
4 3x
+

=x
1 +2x =x(4 3x)
1 +2x =4x 3x
2

3x
2
2x +1 =0
x =
2 4 12
6


=
2 8
6


Page 12 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

Since 8 is not real
there is no real x for which
f
1
(x) =x
14 f (x) =
4x
x+1
, g(x) =x +4
(a) k =1
(b) fg =f(x +4)
=
4(x 4)
x 4 1
+
+ +

=
4x 16
x 5
+
+

fg is not defined when x =5
(c) Let y =
4x
x+1

x =
4y
y+1

xy +x =4y
xy 4y = x
y(x 4) = x
y =
x x
x 4 4 x

=


f
1
(x) =
x
, x 4
4 x

(d) f
1
(a) =
a
, g( 1) 3
4 a
=

a
3
4 a
=

a =12 3a, 4a =12, a =3

Try these 6.3

(a) y =
x 1
x 2
+

1
x 2 x 1
x 2
3
+

y =1 +
3
2 x

f(x) =
1
x

Page 13 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

f(x 2) =
1
x 2

3 f(x 2) =
3
x 2

1 +3 f(x 2) =1 +
3
x 2


1
x
is shifted to the right by 2 units and stretched along the y-axis by factor 3. This graph is then
moved upwards by 1 unit.
(b) y =
2 1
1
x
x
+
+


2
x 1 2x 1
2x 2
1
+ +
+

y =2
1
x 1 +

f(x) =
1
x
f (x +1)
1
x 1 +
f (x +1) =
1
x 1

+

2 f(x +1) =2
1
x 1 +


1
x
is shifted to the left by 1 unit, then reflected in the x-axis and moved upwards by 2 units.


Page 14 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

Exercise 6c

1

2
y =2 f(x)

y =f(x) 4
Page 15 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


3

4 2x
2
4x +6
=2(x
2
2x) +6
=2 (x 1)
2
+6 2
=2(x 1)
2
+4
y =2(x 1)
2
+4
Starting with y =x
2
, shift to the right by 1 unit, then stretch along the y-axis by factor 2 and up the
y-axis by 4 units.
Page 16 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


5

1
x 2 x 1
x 2
1
+ +
+

y =1
1
x 2 +

f(x) =
1
x

f(x +2) =
1
x+2

f(x +2) =
1
x+2

1 f(x +2) =1
1
x+2


Page 17 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

Transformations are: shift
1
x
to the left by 2 units followed by a reflection in the x-axis and a
translation upwards by 1 unit.
6 (a)

(b)


7


(a)
Page 18 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


(b)

(c)

8
Page 19 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


9

3
x 2 3x 1
3x 6
+ +
+
5

y =3
5
x+2

Shift
1
x
to the left by 2 units, reflect in the x-axis and stretch by factor 5 units along the y-axis
finally move upwards by 3 units.
10
2
2
2x 8x 9
y
x 4x+4
+
=

2 2
2
2
x 4x+4 2x 8x 9
2x 8x+8
1
+

2
1
y =2 +
x 4x+4


2
1
2
( 2) x
= +

Shift
1
x
to the right by 2 units move upwards by 2 units
Page 20 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


11 (a) y =
4x 2
x 4

4
x 4 4x 2
4x 16
14

y =4 +
14
x 4


(b) y =
2
2
4x 4x 2
4x 4x+1
+ +
+


2 2
2
1
4x +4x 1 4x +4x 2
4x +4x 1
1
+ +
+

y =1 +
2
1
4x 4 1 x + +

Page 21 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

=1+
2 2
1 1
1
(2x+1)
1
4 x+
2
= +
| |
|
\ .




Review Exercise 6

1 (a) Function
(b) Not a function, since a maps onto two different values and d has no correspondence
(c) Function
(d) Function
(e) Not a function since has no corresponding mapping.
(f) Function
2 (a) Function
(b) Function
(c) Not a function since 6 7 and 6 8. Every value in the domain must map onto one value
in the range.
(d) Not a function since c d and c e
3 f(x) =4x 3
f(4) =16 3 =13
f(3) = 12 3 = 15
f
1
2
| |
|
\ .
=2 3 = 1
f
1
8
| |

|
\ .
=
1
2
3 =
7
2

Images are 13, 15, 1,
7
2

Page 22 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

4 f(x) =4
3
x
4

(a) f(1) =4
3
4
=
13
4

(b) f(2) =4
3
2
=
5
2

(c) f (0) =4
3
4
(0) =4
(d) f (4) =4
3
4
(4) =1
5 f (x) =3x 7
g(x) =4x +2
(a) f(0) +g(2) =3(0) 7 +4(2) +2
=3
(b) 2 f(3) +g(1)
=2[3(3) 7] +4(1) +2
=4 +4 +2 =10
(c) 2 f(1) 3 g (2)
=2 [3 7] 3[8 +2]
= 8 30
= 38
(d) 4 f(1) +3g ( 2)
=4 [3 7] +3[ 8 +2]
= 40 18
= 58
6 (a) f(x) =
1
2
x +
3
4

g(x) =
5
6
x +
2
3

f(x) =g(x)

1
2
x +
3
4
=
5
6
x +
2
3


3
4

2
3
=
2
6
x

1
12
=
2
6
x
x =
1
4

(b) f(x) =
1
4
x

1
2
x +
3
4
=
1
4
x

1
4
x =
3
4

x = 3
Page 23 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

(c) f(2x) =3g (x)

1
2
(2x) +
3
4
=3
5 2
x+
6 3
(
(


x
3
4
+ =
5
2
x +2

3
4
2 =
3
2
x

5 3
x
4 2

=
x =
5
6

(d) f
1
x
2
| |
|
\ .
=g
1
x
4
| |
|
\ .


1
2
1
x
2
| |
|
\ .
+
3
4
=
5 1 2
x
6 4 3
| |
+
|
\ .


1 3 5 2
x+ x+
4 4 24 3
=

1 5 2 3
x x=
4 24 3 4


1 1
x=
24 12

x = 2
7 (a) f(x) =4x +1, 2 x 2
x =2, f(x) =8 +1 =9
x = 2, f(x) = 8 +1 =7
Range : 7 y 9

(b) f (x) =2 3x, 1 x 1
x =1, f (x) =2 3 = 1
x =1, f (x) =2 3( 1) =5
Range : 1 y 5
Page 24 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


(c) f(x) =2 +x, x 1
Range : y 3

(d) f(x) = 3x +6, x 0
x =0, f(x) =6
Range : y 6

8 (a) f(x) =x
2
4
Domain: x
Range: y 4
(b) f (x) =x
2
+2x +3
=(x +1)
2
+2
Min pt. at (1, 2)
Domain: x
Range: y 2
(c) f(x) = 4x
2
+x +1
(-1,5)
2
Page 25 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

= 4
2
1
x
4
x
| |

|
\ .
+1
= 4
2
1
x
8
| |

|
\ .
+
17
16

Max pt. at
1 17
,
8 16
| |
|
\ .

Domain: x
Range: y
17
16

(d) f (x) = (x
2
+3x) +5
=
2
3
x
2
| |
+
|
\ .
+5 +
9
4

=
2
3
x
2
| |
+
|
\ .
+
29
4

Max pt at
3 29
,
2 4
| |

|
\ .

Domain: x
Range: y
29
4

9 (a) Minimum value =1
When x =2
(b)

10 (a) y =1
2
x

Rearrange to make x the subject
1 y =
2
x
, x =
2
1 y

Domain: x , x 0
Range: y , y 1
(b) y =
4x+2
x 3

Page 26 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

y(x 3) =4x +2
xy 4x =2 +3y
x =
2 3
4
y
y
+

Domain: x , x 3
Range: y , y 4
(c) y = x 4
y
2
=x 4
x =y
2
+4
Domain: x , x > 4
Range: y , y 0
11 f(x) =6x +2
g(x) =7x 1
fg =f (7x 1)
=6(7x 1) +2
=42x 4
gf=g (6x +2)
=7 (6x +2) 1
=42x +13
fg(0) =42(0) 4 = 4
fg(2) =42( 2) 4 =84 4 = 88
gf(0) =42(0) +13 =13
gf ( 2) =42( 2) +13 =84 +13 =71
12 g(x) =x +3
gh =x
2
+3x 2
h =g
1
(x
2
+3x 2)
Let y =x +3
x =y +3
y =x 3
g
1
(x) =x 3
h(x) =x
2
+3x 2 3
=x
2
+3x 5
13 fg =
x 1
x 2
+
+

g =f
1

x 1
x 2
| | +
|
+ \ .

f(x) =4x 2
y =4x 2
x =4y 2
y =
x 2
4
+

f
1
(x) =
x 2
4
+

Page 27 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

g =
x 1
2
x 2
4
+
+
+

=
x 1 2x 4
4(x+2)
+ + +

=
3x+5
4(x+2)

14 f(x) =
3
x+1
, x 1
g(x) =4x 2
(a) (i) fg =f (4x 2)
=
3
4x 2 +1

=
3
4x1
, x
1
4
, x 1
(ii) gf =g
3
x 1
| |
|
+ \ .

=4
3
x 1
| |
|
+ \ .
2
=
12
x 1 +
2
=
12 2x 2
x+1


=
10 2x
, x 1
x+1

(b) fg =gf

3 10 2x
4x 1 x+1

3(x +1) =(10 2x) (4x 1)
3x +3 =40x 10 8x
2
+2x
8x
2
39x +13 =0
b
2
4a c =( 39)
2
4(8) (13)
=1105
Since b
2
4ac > 0 there are two real and distinct solutions to fg =gf
15 f(x) =
6
x 3
, x k
g(x) =5x 3
(a) k =3
(b) (i) gf =g
6
x 3
| |
|
\ .

Page 28 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

=
30
3
x 3

gf: x
30
3
x 3

, x , x 3
(ii) y =
6
x 3

x =
6
y 3

xy 3x =6
xy =6 +3x
y =
6 3x
x
+

f
1
(x) : x
6 3x
x
+
, x 0
(c) y =5x 3
x =5y 3
y =
x 3
5
+

g
1
(x) =
x 3
5
+

g
1
(4) =
7
5

fg
1
(4) =f
7
4
| |
|
\ .

=
6
7
3
5

=
15
4

16 y =
4x+1
3x 2

x =
4y+1
3y 2

3xy 2x =4y +1
3xy 4y =2x +1
y (3x 4) =2x +1
y =
2x 1
3x 4
+

f
1
: x
2x 1
3x 4
+

, x
4
3

(a) f
1
(2) =
2(2) 1 5
3(2) 4 2
+
=

Page 29 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

(b)
f
1
2
| |
|
\ .
=
1
4 1
3 2
6
1 1
3 2
2 2
| |
+
|
\ .
= =
| |

|
\ .

ff
1
2
| |
|
\ .
=f( 6) =
24 1 23
18 2 20
+
=


(c) ff
1
(4) =4
or f
1
(4) =
2(4) 1 9
3(4) 4 8
+
=

ff
1
(4) =f
9
8
| |
|
\ .
=
9
4 1
8
9
3 2
8
| |
+
|
\ .
| |

|
\ .


11
2
11
8
=
=4
17 f(x) =
2
x 1

g(x) =x
2
1
(a) f(3) =
2
1
3 1
=

g(1) = 1
gf (3) =
1
5

1 =
1
5

=1
1
5

(b) f
2
(x) =ff (x)
=
2
f
x
| |
|
1 \ .


2
2
1
x 1
=

2
2 x+1
x 1

2x 2
, x 3
x

=
3

Page 30 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

a =2, b = 2
c = 1 , d =3
18 f(x) =3x 2, x
g(x) =
2
x 2
, x , x 2
(a) y =3x 2
x =3y 2
y =
x 2
3
+

f
1
(x) =
x 2
3
+

y =
2
x 2

x =
2
y 2

xy 2x =2
y =
2 2x
x
+

g
1
(x) =
2 2x
x
+
, x 0
(b) fg (x) =x
f
2
x 2
| |
|
\ .
=x

6
2 x
x 2
=

6 2(x 2) =x (x 2)
6 2x +4 =x
2
2x
x
2
=10
x = 10
(c)
Page 31 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013


19 (a) k = 3
(b) fg =f(2x +1)
=
3
2x+1+3

=
3
2x+4

fg : x
3
2x+4
, x , x 2
fg is not defined at x = 2
(c) y =
3
x 3 +

x =
3
y 3 +

xy +3x =3
y =
3 3x
x

f
1
(x) =
3 3x
,
x

x 0
(d) f
1
(a) =g(4)

3 3a
a

=2(4) +1
3 3a =9a
12a =3
a =
1
4

20 (a) f(x) =
4x
x1
, g(x) =
x+
x

y =
4x
x1

Page 32 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

x =
4y
y1

xy x =4y
xy 4y =x
y =
x
x 4

f
1
(x) =
x
x 4

f
1
: x
x
x 4
, x , x 4.
(b) f
1
(5) =
5
5 4
=5.
g(5) =5.

5
5
+
=5
=20.
21 (a) 3x
2
+12x +5 =a (x +b)
2
+c
=ax
2
+2abx +ab
2
+c
Coefficient of x
2
: a =3
Coefficient of x: 2ab =12
b =2
Constants: ab
2
+c =5
12 +c =5
c = 7
3x
2
+12x +5 =3 (x +2)
2
7
(i) y 7
(ii) x =0, f(0) =3(2)
2
7 =5

The line y =c, c >-7, cuts the graph more than once f(x) is not one-to-one.
(b) g(x) =3 (x +2)
2
7, x 2
(i) k = 2
(ii) y =3(x +2)
2
7
Page 33 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

x =3(y +2)
2
7
(y +2)
2
=
x 7
3
+

y +2 =
x 7
3
+

y = 2
x 7
3
+

g
1
(x) = 2 +
x 7
3
+

22 (a) f(1) =4(1) 1 =3
(b) f(35) =2(35) +5 =12
(c) f(5) =5
2
+3 =28
(d) ff
1
2
| |
|
\ .
=f
1
4 1
2
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .
= f(1) =4 1 =3
23 For x < 0 ; Gradient =
2
2 +
=+ 1
Equation: y 2 =1(x 0)
y =x +2
For x =1, y =2
For x > 1 , Gradient =
4 0 4
4 1 3

y 4 =
4
3
(x 4)
y =
4
3
x
16
3
+4
y =
4
3
x
4
3

f(x) =
x+2, x
x=1
4 4
x , x
3 3

< 0

2,

>1

Page 34 of 34


Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 6 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

24