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Memory: RAM (Random Access Memory)

RAM (Random Access Memory) is the computer's temporary memory that allows data to be both read from and written to. Information in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off. There are two main types of RAM: DRAM (Dynamic RAM) which needs regular refreshing to maintain data, and SRAM (Static RAM) which does not need refreshing. ROM (Read Only Memory) is the computer's permanent memory that only allows data to be read from. Information in ROM is not lost when the computer is turned off. There are several types of ROM including PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM which can be programmed once, erased with ultraviolet light, or electrically erased and reprogrammed,

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44 views2 pages

Memory: RAM (Random Access Memory)

RAM (Random Access Memory) is the computer's temporary memory that allows data to be both read from and written to. Information in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off. There are two main types of RAM: DRAM (Dynamic RAM) which needs regular refreshing to maintain data, and SRAM (Static RAM) which does not need refreshing. ROM (Read Only Memory) is the computer's permanent memory that only allows data to be read from. Information in ROM is not lost when the computer is turned off. There are several types of ROM including PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM which can be programmed once, erased with ultraviolet light, or electrically erased and reprogrammed,

Uploaded by

Muhammad Kamran Akram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEMORY

RAM (Random Access Memory)


RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is also called Main Memory or
Direct Memory. RAM is temporary memory. When the power is turned off, the
information in this memory is lost. Thus it is called volatile memory. CP ta!e receive
data from RAM.
RAM plays very important role in the processin" speed of a computer. A #i""er
RAM si$e provide lar"er amount of space for processin". %o the processin" speed in
increased.
Types of RAM
&. DRAM
DRAM stands for Dynamic Random Access Memory. It is a type of memory that
is used in most computers. It is the least e'pensive !ind of RAM.
DRAM re(uires an electric current state. The electric char"e of DRAM decreases
with time that may result in loss of data. DRAM is rechar"ed or refreshed a"ain and a"ain
to maintain its data. The processor cannot access the data of DRAM when it is #ein"
refreshed. That)s why it is slow.
*. %RAM
%RAM stands for %tatic Random Access Memory. The memory cells are made
from di"ital "ates. +ach cell can store its value without any need to refresh the data as the
power is availa#le.
%RAM is more e'pensive. It does not need to #e power,refreshed. CP does not
wait to access data. That)s why it is faster. It is normally used to #uild a very fast memory
!nown as cache memory.
ROM (Read Only Memory)
R-M stands for read only memory. The instructions in R-M prepare the
computer for use. These instructions can only #e read #ut cannot #e chan"ed or deleted. It
is not possi#le to write new information or instructions into the R-M.
R-M stores data and instructions permanently. When the power is switched off,
the instructions stored in R-M are not lost. Therefore R-M is called .on,volatile
Memory. The information in R-M is stored #y the manufacturer.
Types of ROM
&. PR-M
PR-M stands for Pro"ramma#le Read -nly Memory. This form of R-M is
Initially /lan!. The manufacturer can write data on it usin" special devices. The user
writes data and instructions on it once. If there is any error in writin" the instructions, the
error cannot #e removed from PR-M.
*. +PR-M
+PR-M is stands for +rasa#le Pro"ramma#le Read -nly Memory. This from of
R-M is initially #lan!. The user or manufacturer can write data it usin" special devices.
The user can write the data on it with the help of special devices ultra violet rays.
0. ++PR-M
++PR-M +lectronically +rasa#le Pro"ramma#le Read -nly Memory. In this
memory, the user can erase and write instructions with the help of electrical pulses. The
contents of ++PR-M can #e modified easily.
Difference between RAM and ROM
RAM ROM
&. RAM is a temporary memory &. R-M is a permanent memory
*. RAM ena#le data to #e #oth read and
write to memory and data can #e chan"ed
or deleted.
*. The instructions written in R-M can
only #e read #ut cannot #e chan"ed or
deleted.
0. Instructions in the RAM are
continuously chan"in" as different
pro"rams are e'ecuted and new data are
processed.
0. It is not possi#le to write new
information or new instructions into the
R-M, so R-M is non,volatile memory.
1. When the power is turned off, all the
pro"rams and data are erased from RAM
therefore RAM is a volatile memory.
1. When the power is turned off, the
instructions stored in R-M are not lost,
therefore R-M is non,volatile memory.
2. The instructions are written into the
RAM at the time of e'ecution.
2. The instructions are written into R-M at
manufacturer time.

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