NPQS

M3-10 Ductwork Systems

National Productivity and Quality Specifications (NPQS)

M3-10 Ductwork Systems

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CONTENTS
Page
SECTION M3-10, DUCTWORK SYSTEMS

1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

PRELIMINARIES AND GENERAL CLAUSES

Scope
Related Sections & Interfaces
Standards and Codes
Trade preliminaries

3
3
3
3
4

2.

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA AND REQUIREMENTS

3.

MATERIALS

4.
4.1
4.2
4.3

WORKMANSHIP
General
Fabrication
Installation

4
4
5
9

5.

VERIFICATIONS AND SUBMISSIONS

18

6.

ASSOCIATED WORKS

18

PROJECT SPECIFIC DATA SHEETS (PSD)

19

1.

PSD M3-10-1, DUCTWORK

19

2.

PSD M3-10-2, AIR FILTERS

23

3.

PSD M3-10-3, ATTENUATORS

25

4.

PSD M3-10-4, FIRE DAMPERS

27

5.

PSD M3-10-5, SMOKE DAMPERS

28

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MECHANICAL VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING SPECIFICATION,

WORK PACKAGE M3, AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS & EQUIPMENT
SECTION M3-10, DUCTWORK SYSTEMS
1.

PRELIMINARIES AND GENERAL CLAUSES

Read this specification with Preliminaries and all other contract documents.

1.1

Scope
Provide air distribution ductwork system(s) as required by the building description
clauses, as detailed on the drawings and in Project Specific Data sheets PSD
M3-10-1, PSD M3-10-2, PSD M3-10-3, PSD M3-10-4 and PSD M3-10-5.

1.2

Related Sections & Interfaces

Read this work section in conjunction with the relevant requirements of the other
work sections as follows:
M3-20, Air Systems Insulation
M3-30, Air Handling Units
M3-40, Fan Coil Units
M3-50, Air Terminal Devices
M3-60, Fans & Fan Units
M3-80, Related Electrical Works
M1-20-1 Pipework, Valves & Fittings

1.3

Standards and Codes

1.3.1

General

Unless otherwise agreed by the SO/Engineer, ensure all of the Works comply
with the relevant requirements of the Standards and Codes listed below or
referenced in the body of the Specification. Alternative Standards and Codes may
be proposed for approval by the SO/Engineer, provided it can be demonstrated
that the alternative Standards and Codes comply with the requirements of the
standards specified . All Standards and Codes quoted are current version, unless
specific year references are noted.
Singapore Code of Practice SS CP13
HVCA (UK) DW/144 & DW/143
SMACNA Ductwork Specifications
Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings
Spring Singapore.

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1.3.2

Local Authorities

Ensure that the works comply with the relevant authority regulations and
directions.
Where the terms testing authority, approving authority, local authority or local
authorities are used in this section, the bodies referred to are as follows:Public Utilities Board
Fire Safety & Shelter Department
SP Services Ltd
Power Grid Ltd
City Gas Pte Ltd
Info-comm Development Authority (IDA)
Energy Market Authority
National Environment Agency

1.4

Trade preliminaries
1.4.1

Operation and Maintenance Manual

Provide full information for inclusion in the O & M Manual.

1.4.2

Contractor Designs & Submissions

Where design verifications or design works & submissions are required to be

carried out, defined either in this specification or in Project Specific Data, employ
a suitably qualified QP to carry out and endorse those designs.

2.

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA AND REQUIREMENTS

Ensure systems provide airtight distribution as prescribed by reference
documents.

3.

MATERIALS
Use materials as required within the standards and codes listed.

4.

WORKMANSHIP

4.1

General
Use the Heating and Ventilating Contractors' Association (HVCA), 'Specification
for sheet metal ductwork - low, medium and high pressure/velocity systems DW/144' (or SMACNA equivalent) and the requirements of this Specification for
materials, construction and identification of ductwork.
Where Table numbers are quoted for metal ductwork, these refer to HVCA
DW/144.

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4.1.1

Test Holes

Provide test holes in all main and branch ducts and adjacent to all duct-mounted
temperature and humidity sensors, and at main supply air ducts close to outlets
from equipment.
Provide test holes at 150mm or less centres across the longer side of the duct to
consist of factory fabricated tap screw brazed into a 40mm wide bar and riveted
to the duct. Ensure the test hole assembly provides an airtight and non-corrosive
arrangement.
Agree at site the locations of all test holes, at points of minimum turbulence, and
mark and record. Ensure the number provides the total coverage required for
duct size and number of traverses to ASHRAE recommendations.
Where test holes are provided to thermally insulated ducts protect the insulation
with expanded metal 0.5m upstream and 1.5m downstream of the penetration.
Ensure test holes are accessible for airflow measurement, system balancing,
testing and commissioning activities.
4.1.2

Lightweight Ducting

( Not in use. )
4.1.3

Aluminum/Phenolic-Foam Board Ductwork

( Not in use. )

4.2

Fabrication
4.2.1

Ductwork Construction

All references to tables are those of HVCA DW/144.

Ensure sheet metal for fabrication is new and free from blisters, pits and
imperfections in coating. Ensure galvanising is to BS EN ISO 1461: 1999.
Clean, prepare and paint with zinc-rich paint to BS 4652 at works all raw edges
and areas of metal where galvanizing has been destroyed. Repair transit
damage at site prior to erection. Repair all cut edges with zinc-rich paint to BS
4652.
Use the fewest number of joints possible.
Duct sizes are clear internal required airway dimensions. Make allowance for
any linings and their coverings. No obstructions or rough surfaces are permitted
within any ductwork.
Where internal linings are required, ensure that the lining is held in continuous
contact with duct surfaces under all operating conditions by fixings to prevent
detachment and fibre migration.
Use cross-breaking and beading on low velocity ductwork only, but not where
rigid external insulation is to be applied.
Use factory-made take-offs of conical, bellmouth, or shoe type. Do not use duct
size square take-offs from main ducts.
Use fabricated fittings for change direction, size, shape and connections.
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Do not form holes in main ducts for branches greater than the branch size.
Do not use perforated rivets in the manufacture or erection of ductwork. The use
of locations only where alternative methods are not possible. Submit a record of
these locations.
Construct larger ducts to the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors'
National Association (of North America) (SMACNA) publications 'HVAC Duct
Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible -2nd Edition 1995' and 'Round and
Rectangular Industrial Duct Construction Standards, 2nd Edition 1995', with
Addendum No.1 1997.
Provide adequate local stiffening at instrument and controls penetrations and
connections to provide rigid mountings.
Provide and submit a certificate to confirm that all ductwork constructions comply
with the relevant HVCA DW/144 tabulated gauges.
Where site dimensions cannot be obtained in advance of preparation of shop
drawings, make provision to accommodate any discrepancies between the
drawings and site requirements. Show provisions for dismantling, by means of
bolted, gasketted flanged joints, on the shop drawings.
Construct rectangular ducts using longitudinal seams with sealant applied internal
to the joint seam itself.
Use sheet steel thicknesses to Tables 2 to 4 of DW/144 dependent on pressure
classification.
Make circular ducts of spirally wound or straight seam construction. Use sheet
thicknesses to Tables 7 & 8 of DW/144. Make fittings of spirally wound
construction thicknesses.
Make flat oval ducts of spirally wound construction with duct and fittings sheet
thicknesses to Table 11 of DW/144.
Incorporate stiffening provisions.
Incorporate sealant in and tightly form all seams. Do not use edge sealants.
Use sealant between sheet and flange section in cross joint assemblies. Ensure
the sealant does not serve as the duct skin.
Provide flanged joints at all plant and equipment items, at structural walls and
floor slabs and elsewhere where required for disconnection purposes.
Ensure joint corners and junction details are mutually compatible with the
longitudinal seam used.
Assemble tie rod stiffeners for rectangular and flat oval ducts with internal and
external nut, metal and compressible washer.
Fit double skin turning vanes in short radius ('hard') bends over 300mm deep and
in all change-direction fittings, except in kitchen exhaust ventilation systems.
Do not exceed a slope of 15 degrees for change shape tapers.
Make all segmented bends for circular ducts in five sections.
Make circular radius pressed bends of one diameter throat radius.
Make change shape tapers for circular ducts 15 degree concentric.
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Joint sheet metal casings to air handling equipment components to suit the
maximum operating pressure and permitted air leakage.
Do not use self-adhesive sealing tapes. Use only glass fibre reinforced tape fixed
with spray-applied adhesive at site.
Terminate air terminal branch ducts clear of final connection flanges.
Provide ductwork connections to building openings, external louvres, grilles etc.
with compatible flanges for airtight fixing.
Ensure supports for internal ductwork generally comply with HVCA DW/ 144-6,
except that attachment of horizontal ductwork from duct flanges will not be
permitted.
Bolt frames and blades fabricated from galvanized mild steel or aluminium
sections and sheet together. If welding methods of assembly are used reinstate
the galvanizing immediately on completion of welding.
Assemble frames and blades fabricated from aluminium alloy extruded sections
by inert gas shielded arc-welding, or bolt or rivet together.
Fit galvanized wire bird screens 10mm mesh size to the inner face of louvres
which extend over the full face of the louvre and are removable for cleaning.
4.2.2

Ductwork Cleanliness

Ensure ductwork delivered to site meets 'Intermediate Level' of HVCA DW/TM2.

Make provisions for cleaning 'in use' generally to HVCA TR/17.
On completion clean ductwork by blowing-out using system fans, after precleaning by brushing or other means without detrimental effect to finished areas
and complete before terminal units are finally connected.
Cover open end of all ductwork at the end of each workday to prevent ingress
and settlement of dust inside the ductwork. Do not use any type of waste material
for this purpose.
Clean ductwork to a higher standard in special areas intended to house sensitive
equipment or furnishings.
4.2.3

Materials

Use corrosion resistant materials, including fixings, or treat to resist corrosion.

4.2.4

Control Dampers

Construct dampers to HVCA DW/144.

Make volume control dampers up to 300mm wide single blade type.
Make volume control dampers greater than 300mm wide as opposed blade type.
Finish all dampers to be used with air terminals in matt black paint.
Construct non-return (self-closing) dampers to ensure positive shut-off and quiet
closure.
Make splitter dampers single blade type of 1.6mm thickness galvanized mild steel
sheet with full width heavy brass hinges and componentry of non-ferrous
materials. Ensure blade dimensions give clearance to prevent noise generation.
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Provide minimum 8mm diameter threaded galvanized adjusting rod with indicator
to show adjusted position.
Ensure that automatic (motorised) dampers in the closed position do not allow
leakage of more than 2% of local design air volume.
4.2.5

Fire and Smoke Dampers

Arrange fire dampers acting as dual fire and balancing dampers to enable
variable blade setting as determined by air balance.
Provide smoke dampers in any ductwork to prevent transfer of smoke into a
designated escape route.
Ensure fire dampers and smoke dampers are rated for the particular fire
compartmentation, meet the requirements of FSSD and have the approval of the
Local Authority.
Ensure FSSD approves the method of fixing
Provide fire dampers to SS 333 and install to SS CP 13.
Ensure fire dampers of the cased folding-blade spring-loaded type have a
replaceable and re-settable release mechanism. In the open position ensure the
blades do not restrict the airstream.
Provide dampers for horizontal mounting with stainless steel closure springs and
positive blade locking devices.
Provide dampers in circular or flat oval ductwork with integral spigots to suit the
containing ductwork.
Provide plate (single) blade type fire dampers to close against full perimeter stops
upon activation by a temperature-sensitive device. Ensure the casing and blade
are of appropriate thickness for the fire rating. Provide means for blade and
release device reset.
Ensure fire or smoke damper release mechanisms are to BS EN 54-7.
Provide purpose-made frames for building-in to structure.
Provide access openings adjacent to fire and smoke dampers for inspection.
Ensure size is sufficient to permit resetting of release mechanism and blades by
one person; make access provision in accordance with SS CP13.
Also provide/ensure access to fire damper and smoke damper assemblies
through builders work elements.
4.2.6

Fire-Rated Ductwork

Construct the ductwork to meet the requirements of method 3 of BS 5588-9 and

BS 476-24 for stability, insulation, integrity and minimum cross sectional area of
75% at design conditions and in accordance with the requirements in SS CP13.
Insulate fire rated ductwork where necessary to achieve these requirements.
4.2.7

Thermal Insulation

Refer to M3-20, Ductwork Thermal Insulation.

Make provisions for the fixing of thermal insulation material.
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Apply rigid slab to rectangular ducts with top and bottom members overlapping
side slabs, all secured with corrosion-resistant serrated steel bands with locking
devices applied to ensure insulation material is not compressed.
For ducts and equipment items with side dimensions in excess of 1000mm attach
insulation with hangers with spring clip washers at 600mm square pitch for fixing.
Insulate exposed circular and flat oval ductwork with lamella mattress faced with
glass fibre reinforced aluminium foil of Class "O" rating suitably secured, and
facings overlaps securely fixed.
Insulate concealed rectangular, circular and flat oval ductwork with noncombustible, resin bonded fibrous mattress fixed to 150mm wide bands of
suitable adhesive at 300mm centres with 1.6mm bright soft steel wire spirally
wound at 450mm pitch.
Complete insulated ductwork with a full retaining, non-penetrating, wrap of zinccoated hexagonal steel wire netting with joints laced with 1.6mm bright soft steel
wire.
4.2.8

Insulation to Ductwork Access Doors

Insulate proprietary and custom made access doors, covers and panels
proposed for use at least to the same standard as of the enclosing ductwork.
Insulate custom-made access doors as for enclosing ductwork with insulation
contained within a BS 1474 channel section frame with mitred corners and
aluminium external and internal facing sheets incorporated, bedded in mastic.
Provide facing panels of 0.7mm minimum thickness aluminium sheet.
4.2.9

Insulation at Ductwork Supports

Line ductwork bearer supports with incompressible non-combustible insulating

material to the same thickness as the specified insulation.
Leave sufficient clearance at drop rod fixings to bearer supports of suspended
ductwork for the application of insulation, vapour barrier and finish covering to the
duct sides.

4.3

Installation
4.3.1

General

Establish and maintain site storage areas to comply with HVCA DW/TM2.
Provide all necessary ductwork, control, isolating, fire, smoke and balancing
dampers, grilles and diffusers to form complete air distribution systems.
Install ductwork free from sway, drumming and movement. Ensure ductwork is
true-to-size and accurately aligned.
Securely support and install ductwork parallel to building construction and in true
horizontal and vertical planes.
As far as practicable, align longitudinal seams where permanently visible after
installation.
Support duct branches and equipment items locally to prevent distortion.
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Provide flexible connections between ductwork and fans and other equipment
items.
Provide and maintain access to ductwork system components which require
inspection, cleaning, or adjustment.
At every point of duct penetration of the building envelope, provide a sealed
louvre, weather cowl or protective flashing and full closure plate to prevent
ingress of water.
Paint ductwork immediately behind and connected to an intake or exhaust louvre,
on internal and external surfaces with epoxy resin or bitumastic paint for a length
from the louvre equal to the louvre height, or to the nearest equipment item,
whichever is the lesser. Slope the bottom side of the ductwork connection
downwards towards the louvre and arrange drainage.
Slope fume or vapour-laden ducts down to a drainage point. Where ducts are
metal, do not cross-break the bottom panel.
Where personnel entry into the duct is necessary, provide floor plates connected
to stiffeners to accept the loading, with suitable additional local supports.
Extend lubrication points, not easily reached, to an accessible position.
4.3.2

Hangers and Supports

Provide hangers and supports fabricated from hot-dipped galvanized steel plate,
angle and channel sections for indoor applications.
Ensure support spacing and loadings include all ductwork system components
which cannot be provided with individual supports.
Ensure the size, strength and materials used for external ductwork supports are
suitable for the ductwork, system components, insulation, cladding and prevailing
external conditions. Provide cross- bracing between adjacent supports where
necessary to resist wind loading.
Submit full details of all hangers and supports.
Support horizontal ducts at spacings to Table 15 of DW/144, and additionally at
branches and equipment items. Support vertical ducts off floor slabs and by
purpose-made brackets fixed to the structure where spacing exceeds 4m.
Do not vary fixings particularly specified for supports.
Paint duct hangers wherever exposed in humid air or to view.
Install hangers for ducts to be thermally insulated to provide clearance for the
insulation and any vapour barrier or other covering to be applied and finished.
Line horizontal bearers with low compression insulating material.
Ensure that the insert and vapour barrier are not compressed or damaged by the
load imposed. Extend inserts an adequate distance each side of the support to
allow the insulation to be abutted and the vapour barrier to be sealed to the
insert.

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4.3.3

Access Openings

Provide access openings, arranged and sized to permit full access necessary for
maintenance. Provide inspection covers to permit associated equipment item to
be viewed.
Provide rigidly framed access openings and inspection covers with gasketted
airtight covers designed for easy removal and accurate relocation and fixing.
Ensure access doors are of same fire rating as parent ductwork.
Use the minimum number of quick-release fastening devices compatible with the
loading.
Do not use self-tapping screws.
Subject to the duct size, provide access and inspection openings as shown
below.
Provide access openings for inspection of fire dampers in accordance with SS
CP13.
Ensure access to fire and smoke dampers provides for full manual resetting of
the shutter.
Provide access covers with retention devices.
Make personnel access doors hinged, a minimum of 600mm wide and matching
the duct depth less 50mm, and fit with restrainers.
Provide such hinged access doors with double-sided operating handles for safe
exit.
Fit proprietary insulated double-skin hinged access doors in all insulated ducts.
Locations of access points required are summarised below:
Item

Access Opening

Inspection Cover

Centrifugal fan

(inlet & outlet)

Axial fan

(inlet & outlet)

Fire / smoke damper

(full width access)

Volume control damper

(400mm+ wide)

(up to 400mm wide)

Automatic control damper

(400mm+ wide)

(up to 400mm wide)

Filter bank

Cooling coil

(upstream)

(downstream)

Heating coil

(upstream)

(downstream)

Humidifier

(at units)

Cleaning point

Turning vanes

(upstream)

Attenuators

(upstream)

Riser bases

Control Dampers

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Non-return dampers

Fit balancing dampers in each branch from a main or sub-main duct, and
elsewhere as required to satisfactorily commission the system. Maintain the
required distance from the branch-piece.
Ensure automatic damper actuators have:
a.

Sufficient torque to open and close against the maximum out-of-balance

pressure across the damper.

b.

Position indicators, unless fitted to terminal units.

c.

Manual override facility, unless fitted to terminal units.

d.

A linear stroke/control signal characteristic.

4.3.4

Control Dampers

Install dampers in permanently accessible positions.

4.3.5

Fire Dampers

Provide fire dampers in any ductwork passing through each and every fire
compartment wall.
Install fire dampers in accordance with SS CP13, FSSD: requirements and the
recommendations of the product manufacturer.
Build-in purpose-made installation frames with expansion allowance to formed
openings in fire compartment walls, floors or other openings designated. Mask
the joint line with firmly fixed metal plating all round to prevent penetration of any
gap by flames or gases.
Restrict openings sizes to require the minimum of incombustible infill material, to
provide a homogeneous construction and maintain the fire resisting integrity of
the structure.
Do not support fire dampers and frames by means of adjacent ductwork.
Always set fire dampers and frames parallel to the plane of the wall or floor.
Where dampers cannot be positioned in the thickness of a fire barrier, enclose
the ductwork or casing between the barrier and the furthest side of the damper
case with fire resistant material of equal fire rating to that of the fire barrier.
Adequately support and fix to the barrier, in accordance with the manufacturers
recommendations, to meet recognised and approved fire test methods.
Fix dampers for flexible cavity barriers as the manufacturers' recommendations
for the application. Provide suitable frames and brackets to ensure compliance
with fire test methods.
Set blade release mechanisms normally retaining fire dampers in the open
position to operate at 74C 2C.
4.3.6

Fire-Rated Ductwork

Wherever possible install fire-rated ductwork at the highest level, above all other
services. Where this cannot be achieved protect all services installed directly
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above the fire-rated ductwork with material of similar fire-rating to the fire-rated
ductwork.
Obtain all necessary supports, cover and aligning strips and other accessories
required for the complete installation of the fire-rated ductwork system from the
same manufacturer as that for the fire-rated system.
Ensure all fire rated ductwork is a fully tested and certified proprietary product
and has the approval of FSSD.
Ensure fire rated ductwork can achieve the requirements of protection method 3
described in BS 5588-9, and comply with the performance criteria in BS 476-24.
Ensure that the fire resistance of the ductwork, when tested from either side
(external and internal), is not less than the fire resistance of the construction
elements in the area through which it passes and in any case is not less than 2
hours.
Ensure the ductwork support system satisfies the requirements of BS 476-24.
Provide access panels for components as described for ductwork. Provide
panels suitable for frequent use without compromising the fire rating and leakage
performance of the ductwork.
Submit PE certification for all fire-rated ductwork constructed and installed at site.
4.3.7

Ductwork Fire Cladding

Where specified or shown on Drawings, clad ducting with Vicuclad board or

equivalent applied strictly in accordance with the manufacturers printed and
published instructions.
4.3.8

Flexible Connections

Provide flexible joints of 50mm minimum and 250mm maximum lengths without
intrusion into the airway under any condition. Support ductwork and align to
prevent undue stress in the flexible joint.
Ensure flexible joints are fire rated and tested in accordance with BS 476-20.
Provide flexible connections to SS CP13.
Do not use flexible connections at staircase pressurisation systems nor smokestop lobby ventilation fans. At these positions provide flanged joints.
Tightly clamp flexible joint connections to prevent air leakage. Ensure that the
material remains flexible and without strain or distortion. Secure material to plain
circular spigots by use of clipbands with adjustable-screw toggle fitting. Secure
jointing to flanged spigots by a drilled backing flat iron flange bolted through
properly formed holes in the flexible material to the fixed flange.
Ensure that the method of connection permits removal and replacement without
dismantling of ductwork.
4.3.9

Bendable and Flexible Ducts

Ensure flexible ducting complies with air-tightness requirements for rigid ducts
within the same system and is suitable for the system pressure.

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Provide non-combustible materials Class O rating, non-rigid ducts of bendable

aluminium, flexible metal or flexible fabric construction.
Provide minimum length of 1500mm to plug-in diffusers to give repositioning
facility.
Restrict the maximum length of each non-rigid section to 4000mm, as SS CP 13.
Form changes in direction in long radius. Restrict bends where necessary to two
per length with 90 minimum included angle. Ensure minimum throat radius is
two diameters.
Provide adequate support to prevent sagging. Kinked or flattened non-rigid
ductwork will be rejected.
Form any test holes required in rigid ductwork adjacent to flexible lengths.
4.3.10 Low Velocity Plastics Ductwork

( Not in use. )
4.3.11 Noise Attenuators

Select and provide sound attenuators to meet the specified space noise criteria
whether shown on the relevant drawings or not. Ensure sound attenuators sizes
are not less than the cross-sectional area of the enclosing ductwork. Where
sound attenuators are larger than the duct dimensions provide the appropriate
transformation pieces.
Ensure noise attenuators are designed, constructed and tested by a specialist
manufacturer and match the adjacent assemblies. Ensure the airways are free
from projections into the airstream.
Ensure performance figures including insertion loss are derived from tests carried
out in accordance with BS 4718 Methods of test for silencers for air distribution
systems. Achieve performance under system operating conditions. Include for
the use of the vapour barrier in Attenuator dynamic insertion loss data provided.`
Construct attenuator casings from galvanized steel sheet. Make joints
longitudinal, lockformed and mastic sealed during construction. Weld end
flanges to the casings, and supply with slotted bolt holes or other fixing details as
necessary.
Ensure casing thickness and flange construction are in accordance with HVCA
Specification DW/144 (or SMACNA equivalent), but with minimum thickness
0.8mm.
Use noise absorbent materials which are of limited combustibility, when tested to
BS 476-6 have a fire propagation index (I) not exceeding 12 with not more than 6
deriving from the initial period of the test (i-1), and class 1 spread of flame to BS
476-7.
Ensure materials are rot-proof, non-hygroscopic, will not support pests nor fungi,
be free of objectionable odour at installed working condition, do not constitute a
health hazard at any time, and will not promote corrosion under normal site
conditions nor structurally deteriorate resulting from inadvertent contact with
water.

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Select materials to withstand an air passage velocity of at least 25m/s without

surface erosion or other material migration. Pack loose or fibrous materials
under not less than 5% compression to eliminate voids due to settling.
Ensure the vapour barrier material is resistant to chemicals as required for the
application.
Use vapour barriers in aggressive atmospheres not exceeding 0.07mm thickness
and install in a non-taut state. Ensure the material achieves Class I to BS 476-7,
and does not emit toxic or hazardous fumes if ignited.
Clearly mark the direction of airflow on the attenuator outer casing.
Make rectangular attenuators splitter elements round-nosed and to stand
vertically and be a close fitting within the casing. Design L-section and T-section
splitter attenuators for smooth airflow to minimize self-generated noise. Fit
splitters in bend attenuators perpendicular to the plane of the bend.
Make splitter elements easily removable for cleaning. Fit the necessary access
panels with effective airtight seals which retain their performance after repeated
use.
4.3.12 Air Filtration

Provide air filters with specified efficiency to ASHRAE 52.2 1999.

Ensure filter banks are fully accessible for inspection, filter replacement and
general maintenance.
Provide a manometer indicating differential pressure mounted externally adjacent
to each filter bank.
House filter banks in a metal frame. Ensure the frame cannot distort in use and
is treated to prevent corrosion.
Ensure filter elements are rigidly and securely held in the frames and are without
distortion. Ensure plastics frames are suitable for the conditions in which they
operate and are approved by the local Fire Authority.
Provide filter media and frames to comply with SS CP13 and to meet the Local
Authority and the appropriate Fire Authority's fire and smoke requirements
Ensure filter panels and bags can sustain at least two times the initial pressure
drop without distress.
Provide filter bank frames of same supply as the cells.
4.3.13 Panel Filters

Form filter banks of a number of individual elements of uniform size, retained in a

steel or aluminium framework by suitable spring clips. Weld or rivet joints in the
frame sections. Bolt individual frames together to form the complete filter bank
and to prevent by-pass of air.
4.3.14 Bag Type Filters

Form bags from woven glass fibre cloths in multiple layers and grades, properly
stitched and sealed or from synthetic (non-fibrous) material.

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Bond the opening of each bag to a rigid sub-frame to fit into the filter bank
framework.
Provide each element with an effective perimeter gasket to prevent by-pass of
air.
Ensure bags remain fully inflated to expose maximum filter surface at air
velocities related to 30% of system design duty.
4.3.15 Electronic Air Cleaners (EAC)

Locate EACs designed for operation with a 240V 1phase 50hZ with ground
electrical supply in return ducts for areas as shown on Drawings or designated
bars, discos and lounges.
Select unit for required airflow and efficiency 95% for 0.01 micro-metre to
ASHRAE Standard 52-76.
Ensure units offered are UL listed and/or CSA certified and approved for use in
Singapore by the relevant Authorities.
Ensure the unit is based on two-stage electrostatic precipitation stage1-ioniser
section, stage 2-collector section.
Provide a unit having galvanized mild steel cabinet, fan and motor with sealedfor-life ball-bearings, heavy duty commercial electronic cells, solid-state power
supply and protective screens and pre-filters.
Ensure solid-state supply provides high voltage (DC) to the self-regulating ionizer
and collector sections.
Provide a safety interlock switch to automatically interrupt the power supply when
the access door or grille is opened.
Provide a status lamp to indicate correct power operation.
Locate indicator lamps, access doors and grilles at front of unit for ease of
access.
Ensure the ionizer and collector sections have the correct ratio of ionising wires
and collector plates.
Ensure that intake and discharge grilles, pre-filter and electronic cells (with
handle) are removable for cleaning without the use of tools, and the power supply
can be disconnected without removing the electronic cells.
Arrange the EAC to be monitored remotely by a Solid State Performance
Indicator (SSPI) and to have LEDs to display On/Off status, Wash and Check
indication. Provide suitable voltage-free contacts for connection to BMS
Interlock the EAC with the AHU operation.
Provide coarse filters to protect the EAC from larger particulate matter.
Give indication of auto-wash in progress and electronic cell servicing required via
indicating lamps.
4.3.16 Internal Insulation

Fix lining materials to internal surfaces of airways in locations of thicknesses

listed, to leave the indicated clear airway dimensions after application. Seal all
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joints and cut edges to prevent erosion, and to present a smooth face to the
airstream.
Retain linings in position with expanded or perforated metal sheets secured with
mechanical fixings. Firmly attach fixings to airway walls. Return metal lining
sheets at the end of each airway section.
Set out fixing stud spacing at (top) 150mm centres, vertical sides 250mm and
bottom 300mm.
The SO/Engineer will inspect internally lined duct sections before installation.
Damaged factory or site-applied linings will be rejected at any stage of delivery,
storage or erection of systems.
Use adhesives that are non-combustible after application.
Ensure lining materials used are incombustible, rot-proof and non-hygroscopic,
as approved by the relevant local Authority.
Ensure the complete assembly of materials is non-combustible as defined in BS
476-4. If combustible, ensure linings have an Index of Performance (I) not
exceeding 12, of which not more than 6 shall derive from the initial period (i) of
the test to BS 476-6.
Face the lining material with a thin, tough and smooth acoustically transparent
membrane presented to the air stream and held in position with a securely fixed
perforated metal sheet. Select the facing to prevent surface erosion or other
material migration at an air passage velocity of at least 25m/s.
Ensure the installed duct lining has the following minimum sound absorption
coefficients when measured in accordance with BS EN 20354.
Thickness (mm)

Octave Band Centre Frequency (Hz)

125

250

500

1k

2k

4k

15

0.1

0.25

0.45

0.65

0.9

0.85

25

0.1

0.35

0.55

0.85

0.95

0.95

50

0.35

0.5

0.85

0.95

0.95

0.95

4.3.17 External Louvres

Install framed louvre bladed sections at air intake and discharge openings with
the required net effective areas as shown on the drawings.
Make louvres weatherproof with horizontal angled blades to prevent entry of
driving rain.
Refer to architectural specifications for louvre fabrication and installation.
Weather seal and acoustically seal frames into openings with a suitable mastic.
Arrange flanges to fully mask the opening.
4.3.18 Identification of Ductwork

Identify ductwork to the recommendations of DW 144 Appendix B.

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Provide explanatory charts and damper schedules.

Permanently affix symbols to ducts by use of painted, stencilled letters and
figures or self-adhesive plastics applied to a smooth clean surface, or by use of
engraved plastic or metal labels riveted to equipment items.
Set symbols at 6m intervals on main ducts and within 3m of the main on each
branch. Fix symbols in positions to be easily read from operators' level.
Identify special ductwork by particular alphanumeric or colour codes.
Provide fire rated ductwork with additional words "FIRE DUCT" permanently
marked in red at 4m intervals with letters 50mm -0/ + 5mm in height.

5.

VERIFICATIONS AND SUBMISSIONS

Test systems to guarantee operation at a specified leakage rate, as required
within Appendix B of HVCA Specification DW/144, together with 'Method of
Testing - DW/143' (or SMACNA equivalent).

6.

ASSOCIATED WORKS
Provide details of builders work requirements for plinths, bases and openings in
structure for equipment, ducts and fire/smoke dampers and making-good.
Arrange electrical connections for airflow switches, and sensors generally,
installed in ductwork. Refer to M3-80, Related Electrical Works.

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MECHANICAL VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING SPECIFICATION,

WORK PACKAGE M3, AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS & EQUIPMENT
PROJECT SPECIFIC DATA SHEETS (PSD)
1.

PSD M3-10-1, DUCTWORK

Job Title:
Purpose of Issue:

(Not Used Please Refer To Drawings)

General Data
Unit Reference
Quantity
Location
System
Type
Speed Control

Ductwork Systems
Specification Type Reference
Duct Construction Standard
Duct Test Standard
Ductwork Construction Class
Duct Profiles
Duct Positive Pressure Rating Pa
Duct Negative Pressure Rating Pa
Duct Material
External Finish
Internal Finish
Maximum Air Temperature - C
Location
Duct Cleanliness Standard DWTM2
Access Panels For Inspection
Access Panels For Cleaning HVCA

Ductwork Systems

Required

Required

Required

Type DW1
DW144
DW143
A Low Pressure
Rectangular/Circular
500
500
Hot Dip GSS
Natural
Natural

Type DW2
DW144
DW143
B Medium Pressure
Rectangular/Circular
1000
750
Hot Dip GSS
Natural
Natural

Type DW3
DW144
DW143
C High Pressure
Rectangular/Circular
2000
750
Hot Dip GSS
Natural
Natural

Internal
Intermediate
DW144
TR/17

Intermediate
DW144
TR/17

Intermediate
DW144
TR/17

Offered

Offered

Offered

Required
Type DW4

Special

Offered

Specification Type Reference

Duct Construction Standard
Duct Test Standard
Ductwork Construction Class
Duct Profiles
Duct Positive Pressure Rating Pa
Duct Negative Pressure Rating Pa
Duct Material
External Finish
Internal Finish
Maximum Air Temperature - C
Location
Duct Cleanliness Standard DWTM2
Access Panels For Inspection
Access Panels For Cleaning HVCA

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Required

Performance Data

Offere
d

Require
d

Offere
d

Require
d

Offere
d

Require
d

Offere
d

Ductwork
System
Specification Reference
Location
Design Maximum Velocity m/s
Max System Ext Static Pressure Pa
Max System Differential Pressure
Extent of Pressure Testing - %
Max Test Pressure
Duct Cleanliness Standard @ Handover
Surface Deposit Limit (DTT) - m
System
Specification Reference
Location
Design Maximum Velocity m/s
Max System Ext Static Pressure Pa
Max System Differential Pressure
Extent of Pressure Testing - %
Max Test Pressure
Duct Cleanliness Standard @ Handover
Surface Deposit Limit (DTT) - m
System
Specification Reference
Location
Design Maximum Velocity m/s
Max System Ext Static Pressure Pa
Max System Differential Pressure
Extent of Pressure Testing - %
Max Test Pressure
Duct Cleanliness Standard @ Handover
Surface Deposit Limit (DTT) - m

Ductwork Plenums
Specification Type Reference
Plenum Type
Duct Construction Standard
Duct Test Standard
Ductwork Construction Class
Ductwork Leakage Class
Duct Profiles
Duct Positive Pressure Rating Pa
Duct Positive Negative Rating Pa
Duct Material
External Finish
Internal Finish
Duct Cleanliness Standard DWTM2
Access Panels Inspection/Cleaning
Design Maximum Velocity m/s
Design Operating Pressure Pa
Max System Differential Pressure Pa

Required

Offered

Type DWP1
Air Terminal
DW144
DW143
A Low Pressure
A
Rectangular/Circular
500
500
Hot Dip GSS
Natural
Natural

Require
Offered
d
Type DWP2
Octopus Box
DW144
DW143
A Low Pressure
A
Rectangular/Circular
500
500
Hot Dip GSS
Natural
Natural

Require
Offered
d
Type DWP3
External Louvre
DW144
DW143
A Low Pressure
A
Rectangular/Circular
500
500
Hot Dip GSS
Natural
Natural

Require
Offere
d
d
Type DWP4
Special

Special

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Extent of Pressure Testing - %

Test Pressure Pa

Required

Flexible Ductwork
Specification Type Reference
Application
Duct Construction Standard
Duct Test Standard
Duct Type
Duct Material
Maximum Diameter mm
Maximum Length mm
Normal Operating Pressure Pa
Maximum Differential Pressure Pa
Maximum Air Temperature - C
Maximum Air Velocity m/s
Pressure Drop @ MAV Pa/m
Duct Leakage Class DW144
Factory Pre-Insulated
Connection Type
Minimum Throat Radius
Spread of Flame Rating
Acoustic Lining
Model Reference

Type DWP1
Air Terminal
DW144
DW143

Required

Volume Control Dampers

Specification Type Reference
Damper Blade Configuration
Damper Action
Casing Material
Blade Material
Blade Profile
Blade Linkage Type
Edge Seal Material
Connection Type
Model Reference

Offered

Offered

Type VCD1
Single

Required

Require
Offered
d
Type DWP2
VAV Box
DW144
DW143

Require
Offered
d
Type DWP3
Fan
DW144
DW143

Require
Offere
d
d
Type DWP4
Movement Joint

Offere
d
Type VCD2
Multi
Opposed

Require
Offered
d
Type VCD3

Require
d

Required

Offered

Required

Offere
d

Offered

Lockable Control Mechanism

Blade Position Indicator

Lined Ductwork
Specification Type Reference
Lining Material
Lining Thickness mm
Facing Material
Facing Thickness mm
Lining Fixing method
Facing Fixing Method
Maximum Clear Airway Velocity m/s
Spread of Flame Rating Class
63 Hz
125 Hz
Minimum 250 Hz

Required

Offered

Type LDW1

Offere
d
Type LDW2

Required

Require
d

Offered

Require
d

Offere
d

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Sound Absorption 500 Hz

Coefficients 1 kHz
2 kHz
4 kHz
8 kHz

Testing
Performance Type Tests
Works Performance Tests
Site OEM Performance Tests

Required

Offered

Required

Offered

Type Samples

Additional Information
1.

2.

Documents Referred to:

HVCA DW144 Specification for Sheet metal Ductwork 1998
HVCA DW/TM2 Guide to Good Practice Internal Cleanliness of New Ductwork Installations 1991
HVCA TR/17 Guide to Good Practice Cleanliness of Ventilation Systems 1998
Ductwork Cleanliness standards required apply to the entire ductwork system including fittings and ancillary devices such
as dampers, plenum boxes, etc.

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2.

PSD M3-10-2, AIR FILTERS

Job Title:
Purpose of Issue:

(Not Used Please Refer To Drawings)

General Data
Unit Reference
Quantity
Location
System
Type

Performance Data
Filter Application
Filter Type
Filter Media
Filter Test Standard
Filter Group & Class
Average Dust Arrestance - %
Average Dust Spot Efficiency - %
DOP Efficiency - %
Sodium Flame Efficiency - %
Air Flow Efficiency - %
Air Flow Rate - m/s
Max Air Velocity m/s
Filter Face Velocity m/s
Filter Media Velocity m/s
Clean Filter Pressure Drop Pa
Dirty Filter Pressure Drop Pa
Design Filter Pressure Drop Pa
Dust Holding Capacity g
Non-Combustibility Test
Combustibility Rating
Surface Spread of Flame Standard
Spread of Flame Rating
Max Operating Temp & RH - C/%
Max Operating Temp & RH - C/%

Required

Offered

Pre Filter
Panel
BSEN 779

Require
Offered
d
Final Filter
Bag

Require
d

Offere
d

Require
d

Offered

BSEN 779

Constructional Data
Frame Material
Frame Finish
Filter Module Fixing Method
Seal Type
Seal Material
Access Arrangement
Unit Reference

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Dimensional Data

Required

Offered

Required

Offere
d

Require
d

Offere
d

Require
d

Offered

Module Height mm
Module Width mm
Module Depth mm
Overall Unit Height mm
Overall Unit Width mm
Overall Unit Depth mm
Front Access mm
Side Access mm
Overall Weight kg

Accessories

Required

Offered

Required

Offered

Required

Offered

Required

Offered

Differential Pressure Manometer

Independent Test Certificates
Spare Set of Filters

Testing
Performance Type Tests
Works Performance Tests
Site OEM Performance Tests

Samples
Type Samples

Additional Information
1.

Independent test certificates shall be provided with the Tender for model types being offered.

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3.

PSD M3-10-3, ATTENUATORS

Job Title:
Purpose of Issue:

(Not Used Please Refer To Drawings)

General Data
Unit Reference
Quantity
Location
System
Type
Speed Control

Performance Data

Required

Offered

Require
d

Offer
ed

Require
d

Offere
d

Require
d

Offered

Air Flow Rate - m/s

Air Velocity m/s
Pressure Drop Pa
Length mm
Width or Diameter mm
Height mm
Weight kg
63 Hz
125 Hz
Dynamic Insertion Loss 500 Hz
dB 1kHz
2 kHz
4 kHz
8 kHz

Construction Data
Casing Material
Casing Finish
Casing Sheet Thickness mm
Splitter Casing Material
Splitter Casing Finish
Splitter Casing Sheet Thickness mm
Sound Absorption Material
Splitter Face Pattern
Splitter Face Material
Air Leakage Class DW 144
Connection Type
Spread of Flame Rating

Accessories
Round Nose Splitters
Removable Splitters
Encased Absorption Material
Waterproof Construction

Required

Offered

Required

Offered

Saturated Atmosphere Operation

Special Finish

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Testing
Performance Type Tests
Works Performance Tests
Site OEM Performance Tests

Type Performance Tests

Insertion Loss Performance Tests

Required

Offered

Samples

Required

Required

Offered

Required

Offered

Type Samples

Offered

Samples
Pressure Loss Performance Tests

Regenerated Noise Performance Tests

Additional Information
1.
2.

Type test data shall be provided to demonstrate that the equipment performs to the required standards.
Include the effects of regenerated noise on insertion loss performance.

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4.

PSD M3-10-4, FIRE DAMPERS

Job Title:
Purpose of Issue:

(Not Used Please Refer To Drawings)

General Data
Unit Reference
Quantity
Location
System
Type

Performance Data

Required

Offered

Require
d

Offered

Require
d

Offered

Require
d

Offered

Fire Rating hours

Max Face Velocity m/s
Max Air Pressure Drop Pa
Max Differential Press. (Closed) Pa
Air Leakage Class DW 144
Fusible Link Temperature Rating - C

Construction Data
Casing Material
Casing Finish
Blade Configuration
Blade Material
Blade Finish
Side Seal Material
Spring Material
Release Mechanism

Dimensional Data
Frame Width (Top) mm
Frame Width (Bottom) mm
Frame Width (Sides) mm
Max Damper Height mm
Max Damper Width mm

Accessories
Blades Out of Airstream
Installation Frame
Dry Wall Frame
Fire Curtain Frame

Required

Offered

Required

Offered

Mechanical Position Indicator

Damper Position Microswitches
Remote Mechanical Release
Remote Electrical Release

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5.

PSD M3-10-5, SMOKE DAMPERS

Job Title:
Purpose of Issue:

(Not Used Please Refer To Drawings)

General Data
Unit Reference
Quantity
Location
System
Type

Performance Data

Required

Offered

Require
d

Offer
ed

Require
d

Offere
d

Require
d

Offered

Fire Rating hours

Max Face Velocity (MFV) m/s
Air Pressure Drop @ MPF Pa
Max Differential Press. (Closed) Pa
Damper Air Leakage @ 500 Pa l/s.m
Air Leakage Class DW 144
Fusible Link Temperature Rating - C
Electrical Supply V//Hz

Construction Data
Casing Material
Casing Finish
Blade Configuration
Blade Material
Blade Finish
Side Seal Material
Spring Material
Release Mechanism

Dimensional Data
Frame Width mm
Length mm
Max Damper Height mm
Max Damper Width mm

Accessories
Installation Frame
Dry Wall Frame
Fire Curtain Frame
Manual Reset
Integral Reset Button & Status Lamp
Fail Closed

Required

Offered

Required
Motorised Remote Reset
Mechanical Position Indicator
Damper Position Microswitches
Actuator Mounting Sleeve
Access Panel

Offered

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