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Aas

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze the concentration of over 70 metals in a solution. It works by heating the sample in a flame and measuring the absorption of light as electrons transition between energy levels in atoms. The amount of light absorbed can be correlated to concentration through a calibration curve. A photomultiplier tube converts photons absorbed to electronic signals to quantify the absorbance.

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181 views10 pages

Aas

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze the concentration of over 70 metals in a solution. It works by heating the sample in a flame and measuring the absorption of light as electrons transition between energy levels in atoms. The amount of light absorbed can be correlated to concentration through a calibration curve. A photomultiplier tube converts photons absorbed to electronic signals to quantify the absorbance.

Uploaded by

Nuur Aanisah
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

(AAS)

The Visible Spectra

Energy

Ba
Increasing Frequency
A photon with an energy equal to the energy
difference between the levels is released or
absorbed in the process. The frequency at

which the spectral line occurs is related


to the photon energy E by Planck's law
E = h where h is Planck's constant.
The AAS technique can be used to analyze
the concentration of over 70 different
metals in a solution.

In physics, atomic spectral lines are of two types:

An emission line is formed when an electron makes a transition from a particular discrete
energy level of an atom, to a lower energy state, emitting a photon of a particular energy and
wavelength. A spectrum of many such photons will show an emission spike at the
wavelength associated with these photons.
An absorption line is formed when an electron makes a transition from a lower to a higher
discrete energy state, with a photon being absorbed in the process. These absorbed photons
generally come from background continuum radiation and a spectrum will show a drop in the
continuum radiation at the wavelength associated with the absorbed photons.

A continuum spectrum results when the gas pressures are higher, so that lines are
broadened by collisions between the atoms until they are smeared into a continuum. We
may view a continuum spectrum as an emission spectrum in which the lines overlap with
each other and can no longer be distinguished as individual emission lines.
Emission spectra are produced by thin gases in which the atoms do not experience
many collisions (because of the low density). The emission lines correspond to photons
of discrete energies that are emitted when excited atomic states in the gas make
transitions back to lower-lying levels.
An absorption spectrum occurs when light passes through a cold, dilute gas and
atoms in the gas absorb at characteristic frequencies; since the re-emitted light is
unlikely to be emitted in the same direction as the absorbed photon, this gives rise
to dark lines (absence of light) in the spectrum.

Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)


is the most used of atomic methods.

Flame AAS

Flame technique allows for the analysis of cations in the mg/L range.

PMT the photomultiplier tube:

Facilitates the conversion of photons to electronic impulses.

Concentration to Absorbance
compute a linear calibration
curve

Absorbance

Corr Coeff = 0.999937

Concentration

Absorbance to Concentration
Apply unknown absorbance to linear calibration curve

Absorbance

Corr Coeff = 0.999937

Concentration

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