Material Safety Data Sheet

Crude Oil
NFPA:

HMIS III:

HEALTH

Health

Reactivity

Flammability

FLAMMABILITY
PHYSICAL

3
3
0

0 = Insignificant, 1 = Slight, 2 = Moderate,

3 = High, 4 = Extreme

Specific Hazard

SECTION 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

Product name

Crude Oil

Synonyms

Sour Crude Oil, Sweet Crude Oil, Light Crude Oil, Heavy Crude Oil, Generic
Crude Oil, 888100008800

MSDS Number

888100008800

Product Use Description

Refining feedstock

Company

For: Tesoro Refining & Marketing Co.

19100 Ridgewood Parkway, San Antonio, TX 78259

Tesoro Call Center

(877) 783-7676

Version

Chemtrec
:
(Emergency Contact)

1.4

(800) 424-9300

SECTION 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Emergency Overview
Regulatory status

: This material is considered hazardous by the Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA) Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).

Signal Word

: DANGER

Hazard Summary

: Flammable. Toxic. May cause fire. May cause cancer. May release hydrogen
sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a rotten egg sulfurous odor. This odor
should not be used as a warning property of toxic levels because H2S can
overwhelm and deaden the sense of smell. Also, the odor of H2S in heavy oils
can easily be masked by the petroleum-like odor of the oil. Therefore, the smell of
H2S should not be used as an indicator of a hazardous condition - H2S meters or
colorimetric indicating tubes are typically used to determine the concentration of
H2S.

Potential Health Effects

Eyes

: May cause eye irritation.

Skin

: Practically non-toxic if absorbed following acute (single) exposure. May cause

skin irritation with prolonged or repeated contact. Liquid may be absorbed
through the skin in toxic amounts if large areas of skin are repeatedly exposed.
Rare, precancerous warts on the forearms, backs of hands and scrotum have
been reported from prolonged or repeated skin contact.

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

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Crude Oil

Ingestion

: Aspiration hazard if liquid is inhaled into lungs, particularly from vomiting after
ingestion. Aspiration may result in chemical pneumonia, severe lung damage,
respiratory failure and even death. Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal
disturbances, including irritation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, and central
nervous (brain) effects similar to alcohol intoxication. In severe cases, tremors,
convulsions, loss of consciousness, coma, respiratory arrest and death may
occur.

Inhalation

: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Central nervous system (brain) effects may
include headache, dizziness, loss of balance and coordination,
unconsciousness, coma, respiratory failure, and death. Irritating and toxic
hydrogen sulfide gas may be present. Greater than 15 - 20 ppm continuous
exposure can cause mucous membrane and respiratory tract irritation. 50 - 500
ppm can cause headache, nausea, and dizziness. Continued exposure at these
levels can lead to loss of reasoning and balance, difficulty in breathing, fluid in
the lungs, and possible loss of consciousness. Greater than 500 ppm can cause
rapid unconsciousness due to respiratory paralysis and death by suffocation
unless the victim is removed from exposure and successfully resuscitated.
Greater than 1000 ppm can cause immediate unconsciousness and death if not
promptly revived. After-effects from overexposure are not anticipated except
what would be expected if the victim was without oxygen for more than 3 to 5
minutes (asphyxiation). The "rotten egg" odor of hydrogen sulfide is not a
reliable indicator for warning of exposure, since olfactory fatigue (loss of smell)
readily occurs, especially at concentrations above 50 ppm. At high
concentrations, the victim may not even recognize the odor before becoming
unconscious.

Chronic Exposure

: This material contains polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs), some of

which are animal carcinogens. Similar products produced skin cancer and
systemic toxicity in laboratory animals following repeated applications. The
significance of these results to human exposures has not been determined - see
Section 11 Toxicological Information. Contains benzene, which can cause blood
disease, including anemia and leukemia. Suspect reproductive hazard - contains
material which may injure unborn child.

Target Organs

: Skin, Eyes, Central nervous system, Respiratory system, Kidney, Liver

SECTION 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Component

CAS-No.

Weight %

Petroleum; Crude oil

8002-05-9

100%

N-hexane

110-54-3

0 - 1.5%

Hydrogen Sulfide

7783-06-4

Variable

Sulfur

7704-34-9

Trace - 5%

Benzene

71-43-2

0.1 - 3%

Cumene

98-82-8

Variable Trace < 1%

Naphthalene

91-20-3

Variable Trace < 1%

1330-20-7

Variable Trace < 1%

Xylene

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

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Crude Oil

Ethylbenzene

100-41-4

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

Variable Trace < 1%

Variable

Toluene

108-88-3

Variable Trace < 1%

SECTION 4. FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation

Move to fresh air. Administer oxygen or artificial respiration if needed. Seek

medical attention immediately.

Skin contact

Take off all contaminated clothing immediately. Wash off immediately with soap
and plenty of water. Seek medical attention if irritation or skin thermal burns occur.

Eye contact

In case of eye contact, immediately flush with low pressure, cool water for at least
15 minutes, opening eyelids to ensure flushing. Hold the eyelids open and away
from the eyeballs to ensure that all surfaces are flushed thoroughly. Seek medical
attention immediately.

Ingestion

Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious

person. Seek medical attention immediately. If vomiting does occur naturally, keep
head below the hips to reduce the risks of aspiration. Small amounts of material
which enter the mouth should be rinsed out until the taste is dissipated.

SECTION 5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES

Form

Liquid

Flash point

Variable. < 100F (38)

Lower explosive limit

Variable

Upper explosive limit

Variable

Suitable extinguishing media

SMALL FIRES: Any extinguisher suitable for Class B fires, dry chemical, CO2,
water spray, fire fighting foam, or Halon. LARGE FIRES: Water spray, fog or fire
fighting foam. Water may be ineffective for fighting the fire, but may be used to
cool fire-exposed containers., Water may be ineffective for fighting the fire, but
may be used to cool fire-exposed containers.

Specific hazards during fire

fighting

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel long distances to a point of ignition and
flash back. Do not allow liquid runoff to enter sewers or public waters. Gas may
form explosive mixture with air.

Special protective equipment

for fire-fighters

Use NIOSH/MSHA approved positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus

and fully protective clothing such as bunker gear if needed to prevent exposure.

Further information

Isolate area, particularly around ends of storage vessels. Cool tanks, shells, and
containers exposed to fire and excessive heat with water. For massive fires the
use of unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles may be advantageous to further
minimize personnel exposure. Major fires may require withdrawal, allowing the
tank to burn. Large storage tank fires typically require specially trained personnel
and equipment to extinguish the fire, often including the need for properly applied
fire fighting foam.

SECTION 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

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Crude Oil

Personal precautions

Evacuate nonessential personnel and remove or secure all ignition sources.

Consider wind direction; stay upwind and uphill, if possible. Evaluate the direction
of product travel, diking, sewers, etc. to contain spill areas.

Environmental precautions

Carefully contain and stop the source of the spill, if safe to do so. Protect bodies of
water by diking, absorbents, or absorbent boom, if possible. Do not flush down
sewer or drainage systems, unless system is designed and permitted to handle
such material. The use of fire fighting foam may be useful in certain situations to
reduce vapors.

Methods for cleaning up

Take up with sand or oil absorbing materials. Carefully shovel, scoop or sweep up
into a waste container for reclamation or disposal - caution, flammable vapors may
accumulate in closed containers. Response and clean-up crews must be properly
trained and must utilize proper protective equipment (see Section 8).

SECTION 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling

Handle as a combustible liquid. Keep product and empty containers away from fire,
sparks and heated surfaces. Electrical equipment should be approved for classified
area. Bond and ground containers during product transfer to reduce the possibility
of static-initiated fire or explosion.

Requirements for storage

areas and containers

Keep away from flame, sparks, excessive temperatures and open flame. Use
approved vented containers. Keep containers closed and clearly labeled. Empty
product containers or vessels may contain explosive vapors. Do not pressurize,
cut, heat, weld or expose containers to sources of ignition. Store in a wellventilated area. This storage area should comply with NFPA 30 "Flammable and
Combustible Liquid Code". Avoid storage near incompatible materials. The
cleaning of tanks previously containing this product should follow API
Recommended Practice (RP) 2013 "Cleaning Mobile Tanks In Flammable and
Combustible Liquid Service" and API RP 2015 "Cleaning Petroleum Storage
Tanks".

SECTION 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

Exposure Guidelines
List

Components

CAS-No.

Type:

Value

OSHA

Benzene

71-43-2

TWA

1 ppm

71-43-2

STEL

5 ppm

71-43-2

OSHA_AL

0.5 ppm

N-hexane

110-54-3

PEL

500 ppm 1,800 mg/m3

Hydrogen sulfide

7783-06-4

STEL

20 ppm

Cumene

98-82-8

TWA

50 ppm

Ethylbenzene

100-4-4

TWA

100 ppm

Naphthalene

91-20-3

TWA

10 ppm

Toluene

108-88-3

TWA

200 ppm

Xylenes

1330-20-7

TWA
Ceiling

100 ppm
300 ppm

TWA

0.2 mg/m3

Polycyclic Aromatic Compound

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

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Crude Oil

(Benzene Soluble)
ACGIH

N-hexane

110-54-3

TWA

50 ppm

Hydrogen Sulfide

7783-06-4

TWA

1 ppm

7783-06-4

STEL

5 ppm

71-43-2

TWA

0.5 ppm

71-43-2

STEL

2.5 ppm

Cumene

98-82-8

TWA

50 ppm

Ethylbenzene

100-4-4

TWA

50 ppm

100-4-4

STEL

125 ppm

91-20-3

TWA

10 ppm

91-20-3

STEL

15 ppm

Toluene

108-88-3

TWA

20 ppm

Xylenes

1330-20-7

TWA

100 ppm

1330-20-7

STEL

150 ppm

TWA

0.2 mg/m3

Benzene

Naphthalene

Polycyclic Aromatic Compound

(Benzene Soluble)

Engineering measures

Use adequate ventilation to keep gas and vapor concentrations of this product
below occupational exposure and flammability limits, particularly in confined
spaces.

Eye protection

Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are close to the workstation
location. Goggles, and face shield or full facepiece pressure-demand supplied air
respirator as needed to prevent eye and face contact.

Hand protection

Gloves constructed of nitrile, neoprene, or PVC are recommended. The resistance

of specific material may vary from product to product as well as with degree of
exposure.

Skin and body protection

Chemical protective clothing such as DuPont TyChem , Barricade or equivalent,

recommended based on degree of exposure.

Respiratory protection

A NIOSH/ MSHA-approved air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridges or

canister may be permissible under certain circumstances where airborne
concentrations are or may be expected to exceed exposure limits or for odor or
irritation. Protection provided by air-purifying respirators is limited. Refer to OSHA
29 CFR 1910.134, ANSI Z88.2-1992, NIOSH Respirator Decision Logic, and the
manufacturer for additional guidance on respiratory protection selection. Use a
NIOSH/ MSHA-approved positive-pressure supplied-air respirator if there is a
potential for uncontrolled release, exposure levels are not known, in oxygendeficient atmospheres, or any other circumstance where an air-purifying respirator
may not provide adequate protection.

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Hygiene measures

Crude Oil

Page 6 of 12

Avoid repeated and/or prolonged skin exposure. Wash hands before eating,
drinking, smoking, or using toilet facilities. DO NOT use gasoline, kerosene,
solvents, or harsh abrasive skin cleaners to clean skin. Waterless hand cleaners
are effective. Promptly remove contaminated clothing and launder before reuse.
Consider the need to discard contaminated leather shoes and gloves. Use good
personal hygiene practices.

SECTION 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Form

: Liquid

Appearance

: Variable depending on its source; typical is a thick, dark yellow to brown or

greenish black liquid

Odor

: Petroleum asphalt odor. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a characteristic rotten egg
odor with an odor threshold as low as 10 parts per billion or even less. However,
this odor should not be used as a warning property because H2S can deaden the
sense of smell. H2S concentrations can be measured with an H2S meter
orcolorimetric indicating tubes.

Flash point - typical

: < 100F (38)

Lower explosive limit

: Variable

Upper explosive limit

: Variable

pH

: Not applicable

Percent Volatiles

: 100 %

Specific Gravity

<1

SECTION 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Materials to avoid

: Strong Oxidizers

Hazardous decomposition
products

: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and noncombusted hydrocarbons (smoke).

SECTION 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Carcinogenicity
NTP

: Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2)

Naphthalene (CAS-No: 91-20-3)

IARC

: Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2)

Naphthalene (CAS-No: 91-20-3)
Ethylbenzene (CAS-No: 100-41-4)

OSHA

: Benzene

CA Prop 65

: WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to

cause cancer.
Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2)
Toluene (CAS-No: 108-88-3)

(CAS-No.: 71-43-2)

: WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Crude Oil

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cause birth defects or other reproductive harm.

Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2)
Component:
Petroleum; Crude oil

8002-05-9

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 5,001 mg/kg
Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit
Dose: 2,001 mg/kg
Skin irritation: Result: Mild skin irritation
Eye irritation: Result: Mild eye irritation
Carcinogenicity: N11.00418605

N-hexane

110-54-3

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 25,000 mg/kg
Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit
Dose: 2,001 mg/kg
Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat
Dose: 171.6 mg/l
Exposure time: 4 h
Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.
Result: Skin irritation
Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.
Result: Mild eye irritation
Teratogenicity: N11.00418960

Sulfur

7704-34-9

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 5,001 mg/kg
Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit
Dose: 2,001 mg/kg
Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat
Dose: 9.24 mg/l
Exposure time: 4 h
Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.
Result: Mild eye irritation

Benzene

71-43-2

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 930 mg/kg
Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat
Dose: 44 mg/l
Exposure time: 4 h
Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.
Result: Mild skin irritation
Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause skin irritation and dermatitis, due to
degreasing properties of the product.
Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.
Result: Risk of serious damage to eyes.

Toluene

108-88-3

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 636 mg/kg
Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit
Dose: 12,124 mg/kg
Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Crude Oil

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Dose: 49 mg/l
Exposure time: 4 h
Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.
Result: Mild skin irritation
Prolonged skin contact may defat the skin and produce dermatitis.
Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.
Result: Mild eye irritation
Xylene

1330-20-7

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 2,840 mg/kg
Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit
Dose: ca. 4,500 mg/kg
Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat
Dose: 6,350 mg/l
Exposure time: 4 h
Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.
Result: Mild skin irritation
Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause skin irritation and dermatitis, due to
degreasing properties of the product.
Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.
Result: Mild eye irritation

Naphthalene

91-20-3

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 2,001 mg/kg
Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rat
Dose: 2,501 mg/kg
Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat
Dose: 101 mg/l
Exposure time: 4 h
Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.
Result: Mild skin irritation
Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.
Result: Mild eye irritation
Carcinogenicity: N11.00422130

Ethylbenzene

100-41-4

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 3,500 mg/kg
Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit
Dose: 15,500 mg/kg
Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat
Dose: 18 mg/l
Exposure time: 4 h
Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.
Result: Mild skin irritation
Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.
Result: Risk of serious damage to eyes.

SECTION 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Additional ecological
information

Keep out of sewers, drainage areas, and waterways. Report spills and releases, as
applicable, under Federal and State regulations.

Component:
N-hexane

110-54-3

Toxicity to fish:

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Crude Oil

Page 9 of 12

LC50
Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow)
Dose: 2.5 mg/l
Exposure time: 96 h
Acute and prolonged toxicity for aquatic invertebrates:
EC50
Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea)
Dose: 2.1 mg/l
Exposure time: 48 h
Sulfur

7704-34-9

Acute and prolonged toxicity for aquatic invertebrates:

EC0
Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea)
Dose: > 10,000 mg/l
Exposure time: 24 h

SECTION 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Disposal

Consult federal, state and local waste regulations to determine appropriate waste
characterization of material and allowable disposal methods.

SECTION 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

CFR
Proper shipping name
UN-No.
Class
Packing group

:
:
:
:

PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL

1267
3
II

Proper shipping name

UN-No.
Class
Packing group

:
:
:
:

PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL

UN1267
3
II

TDG

IATA Cargo Transport

UN UN-No.
Description of the goods
Class

: UN1267
: PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL
: 3

Packaging group
ICAO-Labels
Packing instruction (cargo
aircraft)
Packing instruction (cargo
aircraft)

: II
: 3
: 364
: Y341

IATA Passenger Transport

UN UN-No.
Description of the goods
Class

: UN1267
: PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL
: 3

Packaging group
ICAO-Labels
Packing instruction
(passenger aircraft)
Packing instruction

: II
: 3
: 353
: Y341
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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

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Crude Oil

(passenger aircraft)
IMDG-Code
UN-No.
Description of the goods
Class
Packaging group
IMDG-Labels
EmS Number
Marine pollutant

:
:
:
:
:
:
:

UN 1267
PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL
3
II
3
F-E S-E
No

SECTION 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

OSHA Hazards

: Flammable liquid
Toxic by inhalation.
Moderate skin irritant
Moderate eye irritant
Carcinogen
Teratogen

TSCA Status

: On TSCA Inventory

DSL Status

: All components of this product are on the Canadian DSL list.

SARA 311/312 Hazards

: Fire Hazard
Acute Health Hazard
Chronic Health Hazard

CERCLA SECTION 103 and SARA SECTION 304 (RELEASE TO THE ENVIROMENT)
The CERCLA definition of hazardous substances contains a petroleum exclusion clause which
exempts crude oil. Fractions of crude oil, and products (both finished and intermediate) from the crude
oil refining process and any indigenous components of such from the CERCLA Section 103 reporting
requirements. However, other federal reporting requirements, including SARA Section 304, as well as
the Clean Water Act may still apply.

MASS RTK

US. Massachusetts Commonwealth's Right-to-Know Law (Appendix A to 105 Code of Massachusetts Regulations
Section 670.000)

Components

CAS-No.

Benzene

71-43-2

Hydrogen Sulfide

7783-06-4

Sulfur

7704-34-9

N-hexane

110-54-3

Petroleum; Crude oil

8002-05-9

Toluene

108-88-3

Xylene

1330-20-7

Components

CAS-No.

hydrogen sulfide

7783-06-4

PENN RTK

US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law (34 Pa. Code Chap. 301-323)

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

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Crude Oil

Components

CAS-No.

Benzene

71-43-2

Hydrogen Sulfide

7783-06-4

Sulfur

7704-34-9

N-hexane

110-54-3

Petroleum; Crude oil

8002-05-9

Toluene

108-88-3

Xylene

1330-20-7

NJ RTK

US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act (New Jersey Statute Annotated Section 34:5A-5)

Components

CAS-No.

Benzene

71-43-2

Hydrogen Sulfide

7783-06-4

Sulfur

7704-34-9

N-hexane

110-54-3

Petroleum; Crude oil

8002-05-9

Toluene
Xylene
California Prop. 65

: WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to

cause cancer.
Benzene

71-43-2

WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to

cause birth defects or other reproductive harm.
Benzene
Toluene

71-43-2
108-88-3

SECTION 16. OTHER INFORMATION

Further information
The information provided in this Safety Data Sheet is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and belief at
the date of its publication. The information given is designed only as guidance for safe handling, use, processing,
storage, transportation, disposal and release and is not to be considered a warranty or quality specification. The
information relates only to the specific material designated and may not be valid for such material used in
combination with any other materials or in any process, unless specified in the text.
Template
Prepared by:

GWU mbH
Birlenbacher Str. 18
D-57078 Siegen
Germany

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Crude Oil

Telephone: +49-(0)271-88072-0
Revision Date

02/01/2011

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