test cove 002493 FORM TP 2028 JANUARY 2000 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION PHYSICS Paper 03 — General Proficiency J hour In addition to the 1 hour, candidates are allowed a ig time of 10 minutes. Writing may begin during the 10-minute period. READ THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS CAREFULLY 1, Answer ANY THREE questions. 2. ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWN in your answer booklet, since marks will be awarded for correct steps in calculations. 3. The use of non-programmable calculators is allowed, 4, Mathematical tables are provided. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO S Copyright © 1999 Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. (002493/F/JANUARY 2000-2- 1. (a)_—_ Describe an experiment to demonstrate the interference of sound. In your account. describe the apparatus you would use, the observations you would need to make and explain these observations. (8 marks) (b) Figure 1 below is a displacement-time graph which represents a sound wave passing a certain point in air. Displacement /mm Figure 1 Deduce the frequency of the sound wave and calculate its wavelength given that the speed of sound in air is 330 ms * (5 marks) (6) Asource of sound is placed under water, where the speed of sound is 1400 ms Figure 2 below. Calculate the refractive index for sound passing from water to air, and use your result to calculate the angle of refraction in the air for a sound wave that strikes the water/air boundary at an angle of incidence of 40°. Copy the diagram into your answer booklet and sketch the path of the sound wave. (7 marks) Air Total 20 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAC (002493/F/JANUARY 20002 @ (b) © 3 i) rca) -3- ‘The Geiger-Marsden experiment (alpha-particle scattering experiment) supported a nuclear model of the atom over the mode! that had been previously accepted. Briefly describe the model which was accepted at the time of this experiment, Outline the Geiger-Marsden experiment and show how the observations support the nuclear model (8 marks) (A radioactive isotope of lead, Pb-214, emits beta-particles which a rate-meter detects. In four consecutive periods, the number of counts recorded by the rate meter Were: 4823, 4764, 4829 and 4784. Explain why the count rate is not constant and find the average count. Gi) Inasimilar set of measurements 50 minutes later, the counts recorded were 1216, 1169, 1225 and 1190, Find the average count at this time and use the two values you have calculated to find the half-life of the source (6 marks) ‘The proton number of lead is 82 and the product of the beta-decay of Pb-214 is bismuth, (Bi). Write down the nuclear reaction for this decay. Write down the symbol for another isotope of lead and state the number of electrons a neutral atom of this isotope would contain, (6 marks) ‘Total 20 marks Use the kinetic theory of gases to explain (i) why particles of smoke in air are seen to move in a random manner when viewed through a microscope (ii) how the air in a tyre exer a pressure on the tyre wall and why the pressure creases when the temperature of the air increases. (8 marks) ‘The air in EACH of the four tyres of a pick-up truck exerts a pressure of 2.5 x 10° Nm. The area of each tyre in contact with the ground is 225 cm? and the pressure of the air in the tyres leads to a force which supports the weight of the truck. Calculate the mass of the truck. (g = 10 ms7) (Tmarks) What effect would an increase in the temperature of the air in the tyres have on the area of contact between the tyres and the ground? Write down TWO assumptions you have made in your answer. (5 marks) ‘Total 20 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (002493/F/JANUARY 2000@ (b) @ () © Define linear momentum, state the law of conservation of linear momentum and describe an experiment to demonstrate this law. ( 8marks) (@ __Aspacecraft accelerates by ejecting gases at high speed from its rockets. Use the law of conservation of momentum to explain how this results in an increase of speed of the spacecraft. Gi) Aspacecraft, of mass 8000 kg, is travelling at a constant speed whenits rockets are turned on. The gases are emitted at a rate of 1.5 kg s~! and are moving at a speed of 1100 ms", Find the change in momentum per second of the gas. Calculate the increase in velocity per second of the spacecraft and the total change velocity ifthe rockets are fired for 15 seconds. The final speed of the spacecraft 1200 ms“!. What distance will the spacecraft travel in one week? Gil) Asecond spacceraftisin orbit at aconstant speed around the Earth, Draw asketch to show the force or forces on this spacecraft. (12 marks) Total 20 marks Sxplain the difference between a motor and a generator in terms of the energy conversions involved. ( 2marks) Figure 3 below shows a simple d.c. motor connected in a circuit Figure 3 Explain why, when the sw’ State the direction of rotation. is closed, the coil rotates continuously in one direction. Identify a modification that is needed in converting the d.c motor in Figure 3 to an ac generator. (8 marks) An electric motor is operating on a current of 2.5 A at a p.d. of 240 V. It is connected by a long cable to the generator. If the potential difference at the terminals of the generatoris 250 V,, determine the resistance of the cable and the loss of power in the cable. What is the power supplied by the generator? (10 marks) ‘Total 20 marks END OF (002493/FJANUARY 2000