AMITY INSTITUTE

E-25, Defence Colony, New Delhi-110024, Ph.: 011-24335819, 24336143/44

Amity University, D-Block, 1st Floor, Sector 125, Noida
Janakpuri: B-1/632, Second Floor, Near East Janakpuri Metro Station, Janakpuri,
New Delhi-110058. Ph: 011-25573111/12/13/14

CAMPUS RECRUITMENT CLASS - 2

(Percentage, Profit and Loss, Simple Interest and Compound Interest)

CLASS TEST
1.

If the price of a commodity is increased by 20%, find by how much per cent must a housewife
reduce her consumption so as not to increase the expenditure?

2.

A reduction of 21% in the price of wheat enables a person to buy 10.5 kg. more for Rs. 100.
What is the reduced price per kg?

3.

A person marks his good 20% more than the cost price and allows some discount on it. He still
makes a profit of 10%. Find the discount percentage.

4.

A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price but uses a weight of 960g for app
kg weight. Find his gain per cent.

5.

By selling two articles for Rs. 180 each a shopkeeper gains 20% on one and looses 20% on the
other, find the percentage profit/loss.

6.

By selling 20 mangoes, a person recovers the cost price of 25 mangoes. Find the gain or loss
percentage.

7.

A certain sum of money amounts to Rs. 1560 in 2 year and Rs. 2100 in 5 year. Find the rate
percentage per annum.

8.

What annual instalment will discharge a debt of Rs.1092 due in 3 yr at 12% simple interest?

9.

The difference between the compound interest and simple interest on a certain sum at 10% per
annum for 2 yr is Rs. 631. Find the sum.

10.

A litre of water evaporates from 6 litres of sea water containing 4% salt. Find the % of salt in
the remaining solution.

1
(a) 5 %
2

1
(b) 3 %
2

(c) 3%

4
(d) 4 %
5

AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS : Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

CRC - 2

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

Mat h

Anand spends 75% of his income. His income is increased by 20% and he increased his
expenditure by 10%. His savings are increased by
(a) 10%

(b) 25%

1
(c) 37 %
2

(d) 50%

In an examination, 80% of the students passed in English, 85% in Mathematics and 75% in both
English and Mathematics. If 40 students failed in both the subjects, the total number of students
is:
(a) 200

(b) 400

(c) 600

(d) 800

A cloth merchant claims to sell his material at cost price but uses a scale which reads 1 m for
95 cm. Find his gain percentage.
(a) 5.26%

(b) 6.2%

(c) 6.5%

(d) 7.5%

If the cost price of 36 books is equal to the selling price of 30 books, then the gain percentage
is
(a) 20%

4
(b) 16 %
6

(c) 16%

2
(d) 8 %
6

A businessman marked the price of his goods 30% more than his cost price. He then sells 1/4th
of his stock at a discount of 15% and half of the stock at the marked price, and rest at a discount
of 30%. Find his gain percentage.
(a) 16.5%

3
(b) 15 %
8

(c) 14.20%

(d) 13.37%

If an article is sold at 8% profit instead of 8% loss, it would have brought Rs.12 more. Find the
cost price of the article
(a) Rs.75

(b) Rs.72

(c) Rs. 70

(d) Rs.60

Sunanda is making a profit of 25% on his selling price, what is her actual profit percentage?
(a)

100
%
3

(c) 25%
2

(b) 20%
(d) 30%

AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS: Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

Mat h

18.

19.

20.

CRC - 2

A trader marks his goods 20% above the cost price and allows a discount of 15% on it. Find his
gain percent
(a) 4%

(b) 5%

(c) 1%

(d) 2%

A certain sum is invested for certain time. It amounts of Rs. 450 at 7% per annum. But when
invested at 5% per annum, it amounts to Rs.350. The time is
(a) 50 yr

(b) 60 yr

(c) 45 yr

(d) 40 yr

Anish borrowed Rs. 15000 at the rate of 12% and another amount at the rate of 15% for two
years. The total interest paid by him was Rs. 9000. How much did he borrow?
(a) Rs. 32000

(b) Rs. 33000

(c) Rs. 30000

(d) Rs. 63000

AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS : Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

AMITY INSTITUTE
E-25, Defence Colony, New Delhi-110024, Ph.: 011-24335819, 24336143/44
Amity University, D-Block, 1st Floor, Sector 125, Noida
Janakpuri: B-1/632, Second Floor, Near East Janakpuri Metro Station, Janakpuri,
New Delhi-110058. Ph: 011-25573111/12/13/14

CAMPUS RECRUITMENT CLASS - 2

(Percentage, Profit and Loss, Simple Interest and Compound Interest)

CLASS TEST
1.

Method 1: Let the original price of a commodity be Rs.100 per kg.

Price after increase would be Rs.120 per kg,.
Since, the expenditure should not increase i.e. housewife has to spend on Rs.100.
Therefore after increase quantity bought for Rs.100

1
5
100 kg
120
6

5 1
Reduction in consumption 1 kg
6 6
Reduction
6
100
50
2
100 100
% % or 16 %
Base value
1
6
3
3
Hence, if housewife used to consume 1 kg now, after increase she will have to reduce her
% reduction

consumption by

50 1
% i.e. kg so that the expenditure remains Rs.100
3 6

Method 2: We know price Consumption = Expenses

Let the price per unit be Rs.10 and consumption be 10 units, then
Original price
10

Original consumption

10

New Price
12

Original expenses
=

New Consumption

100
New expenses

100 (given)

100 35

12
3
Original Consumption = 10
x

New consumption

25
3
25
3 100 50 %.
10
3

10

% Reduction in consumption
4

AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS: Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

Mat h

2.

CRC - 2

Suppose a person used to purchase x kg wheat for Rs. 100 before reduction. Then after reduction,
he is getting 10.5 kg more in addition to x kg for the same price i.e. Rs. 100.
It means a reduction of 21% in Rs. 100, i.e. Rs. 21 enables him to buy 10.5 kg more.
Therefore reduced price is Rs. 21 for 10.5 kg or Rs. 2 per kg.

3.

Let the CP of the article be Rs. 100

Then, MP of the article = Rs. 120
Since profit = 10% i.e. Rs. 10 (Profit is always on CP hence profit = 10% of Rs.100 = Rs.10)
SP = CP + Profit = 100 + 10 = Rs. 110
the difference between marked price and selling price is the discount.
Discount MP SP = 120 110 = Rs. 10
Discount

Discount
10
100
100 8.33%.
Marked Price
120

Discount percentage is always calculated on marked price unless specified.

4.

Suppose the cost price of 1 kg of goods is Rs. 100.

Therefore cost price of 960g of goods will be Rs. 96. Since he is selling 960g (Using a false weight
instead of 1 kg), the selling price of 1 kg would be i.e., Rs. 100.
Therefore, profit = SP CP = (100 96) = Rs. 4
Hence, Profit %

Profit
4
1
100 100 4 %
CP
96
6

IInd Method

Error
Gain %
100 %
(True value) (Error)

This formula can be used in questions of false weight.

5.

1
40

Gain %
100 % 4 %.
6
960

SP = CP + 20% (Profit) and SP = CP 20% (loss)

180 = 1.2 CP and 1808 = 0.8 CP

180
Rs.150
1.2
This is the cost price of the
CP

and

article for which 20% profit is earned

180
Rs.225
0.8
This is cost price of the article for which
CP

20% loss is occured

Total selling price = (180 + 225) = Rs. 375

Total selling price = (180 + 180) = Rs. 360
Hence, Loss = CP SP = (375 360) = Rs.15 and loss % =

15
100 4%
375

AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS : Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

CRC - 2

Mat h

In cases, where the selling price of two article is same and one is sold at the loss of X% and
another is sold at a profit of X%. Or in other words, the profit % and loss % is same and selling
price is same. This transaction always yields a loss and such loss %.
2

common loss or gain %

20

in the above case loss % = 4%.

10

10

6.

Given, SP of 20 mangoes = CP of 25 mangoes

Now, suppose SP of 20 mangoes = CP of 25 mangoes = Rs. 100.
SP of 1 mango Rs

100
100
Rs.4
Rs. 5 and CP of 1 mangoes Rs
25
200

Since SP > CP hence this transaction will yield a profit.

1
Profit = Rs.(5 4) = Rs.1 and Profit % 100 25%.
4

7.

Amount (Principal + Interest) for 2 year = Rs. 1560

Amount (Principal + Interest) for 5 year = Rs. 2100
Hence, interest for 3 year = (2100 1560) = Rs. 540
Simple interest for 2 year = Rs. 360

360 100
15%
1200 2

R = 15%.
8.

Let each instalment be Rs. x, then first instalment paid after 1 yr will earn a interest for 2 year
at 12% and second and second instalment paid after 2 year will earn an interest for 1 year at
the same rate as the debt has to be squared off in 3 year.

x 12 1 x 12 2

x
x
100 100
= Rs. 1092

28x 31x

xx
25
25
= 1092 or 28x + 31x + 25x = 1092 25
x = Rs. 325
Short cut. The annual payment that will discharge a debt of Rs.A due in t years at r% rate of
interest per annum is

109200
100 A
100 1092

= Rs. 325.
3 12(3 1)
RT (T 1)
336

100

100t

2

AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS: Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

Mat h

9.

CRC - 2

Let the sum be Rs. x.

2

21x
100
CI x 1
x
100
100

SI

x 10 2 x

100
5

21x x
631 x Rs. 63100.
100 5
Concept: Simple interest and compound interest for the first year is same. Difference in the
second years interest is due to the fact that compound interest is calculated over the first years
interest also.
Given,

Hence, Rs. 631 is the interest on the interest of first year at 10%. Hence, interest on first year
= Rs. 6310.
Now, if interest for first year is Rs. 6310 at 10%, then principal = Rs. 6310.
10.

(d)
Quantity of salt in 6 L of sea water

6 4
0.24.
100

Percentage of salt in 5 L of sea water

11.

0.24
4
100 4 %.
5
5

(d)
Let the income of Anand be Rs. 100
He spends = Rs. 75, Saving = Rs. 25
Income after increase = Rs. 120
Expenses after increase = Rs. 82.50
Saving = 37.50
Increase i saving = 37.50 25 = Rs. 12.50
Increase %

12.

Increase
12.50
100
100 50%.
Base value
25

(b)
Let the number of students be 100.
Number of students who passed in English only = (80 75) = 5
Number of students who passed in Maths only = (85 75) = 10
Total number of students who passed in either of subjects or both = 5 + 10 + 75 = 90
Number of students failed in both the subjects = 10
If number of students who failed in both the subjects is 10 then total students is 100.
If number of students who failed in both the subjects is 40 then total students =

100
40 =
10

400.
AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS : Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

CRC - 2

33.

Mat h

(a)
Gain percentage in using false weight

Error

100 %
True
value
Error

5
500
100
5.26%
100 5
95

Method II: Let the CP of 1 m of cloth be Rs. 100

Then, SP of 95 cm of cloth will be Rs. 100. [As the seller selling the cloth at the CP and cheats
the buyer to the extent of 5% by using false weight].
Now, CP of 95 cm of cloth = Rs.95
Profit %
14.

Profit
5
100 100 = 5.26%.
CP
95

(a)
Let the CP of 36 books = SP of 30 books = Re.1 then CP of 1 book = Re
= Re

1
and SP of 1 book
36

1
30

1
6
1
Gain Re Re
30 36
30 36
6
6
Gain % 30 36 100 100 20%.
1
30
36

15.

(b)
Let the cost price of 100 items be Rs.100
Marked price of the same = Rs.100

130
1
25 0.85 = Rs. 27.62
SP of 25 items th at a discount of 15% = Rs.
100
4
130
1
25 0.7 = Rs. 22.75
SP of 50 items at the discount of 30% = Rs.
100
4
Total selling price = Rs. 115.37

3
Profit % = 13.37 or 15 %
8
8

AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS: Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

Mat h

16.

CRC - 2

(a)
Let the CP of the article be Rs.x.
Then, SP at 8% profit = 1.08x.
SP at 8% loss 0.92x
Given 1.08x 0.92x = Rs.12

12
.
0.16

x Rs.
17.

(a)
Let the selling price = Rs.100, if profit is Rs. 25 on SP the cost price = Rs. 75.
Actual profit %

18.

Profit
25
100
100 100
%.
CP
75
3

(d)
Let the CP of the goods be Rs.100.
Then, marked price of the goods = Rs.120
Selling price of the goods at a discount of 15%
= Rs.120 0.85 = Rs.102
Gain % = 2%.

19.

(a)

(450 P)

P7T
100

45000 100P
PT
7
(350 P)

...(i)

P 5 T
100

45000 100P
PT
7

...(ii)

From equation (i) and (ii)

45000 100P 35000 100P

7
5
or 225000 500P = 245000 700P
P = 100
From equation (i)

45000 100 100

T
7 100

T = 50 yr.
AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS : Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42

CRC - 2

20.

Mat h

(b)

15000 12 2 P 15 2

9000
100
100
or

P 30
= (9000 3600) = 5400
100

or P = Rs. 18000
Total sum borrowed = Rs.(18000 + 15000) = Rs. 3000.

10

AMITY INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS: Ph. : 24336143/44, 25573111/12/13/14, 95120-2431839/42