BASIC MANUAL

Model:
Publish Date: April 2011
File No. SME100005E0
R100321I5902-TTEC
Ver05 F_2014-05

Trademarks

The official name of Windows XP is Microsoft Windows XP Operating System.

The official name of Windows Vista is Microsoft Windows Vista Operating System.
The official name of Windows 7 is Microsoft Windows 7 Operating System.
The official name of Windows 8 is Microsoft Windows 8 Operating System.
The official name of Windows Server 2003 is Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Operating System.
The official name of Windows Server 2008 is Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Operating System.
The official name of Windows Server 2012 is Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Operating System.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, and the brand names and product names of other Microsoft
products are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the US and other countries.
Apple, AppleTalk, Macintosh, and Mac are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. in the U.S. and other
countries.
PostScript is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
NOVELL, NetWare, and NDS are trademarks or registered trademarks of Novell, Inc.
FLOIL is a registered trademark of Kanto Kasei Ltd. CORPORATION.
Mylar is a registered trademark of DuPont Teijin Films U.S. Limited Partnership.
Molykote is a registered trademark of Dow Corning Corporation.
Other company names and product names in this manual are the trademarks of their respective
companies.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

Under the copyright laws, this manual cannot be reproduced in any form without prior written permission
of TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION. No patent liability is assumed, however, with respect to the use of the
information contained herein.

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS REGARDING THE SERVICE

The installation and service shall be done by a qualified service
technician.
1. Transportation/Installation
- Be sure not to hold the movable parts or units (e.g. the control panel, ADU or RADF) when
transporting the equipment.
- The equipment must be grounded for safety.
- Select a suitable place for installation. Avoid excessive heat, high humidity, dust, vibration and
direct sunlight. Install the equipment making sure that the original glass is level.
- Provide proper ventilation since the equipment emits a slight amount of ozone.
- To insure adequate working space for the copying operation, keep a minimum clearance of 80
cm (32) on the left, 80 cm (32) on the right and 10 cm (4) on the rear.
- The equipment shall be installed near the socket outlet and shall be easily accessible.
- Be sure to fix and plug in the power cable securely after the installation so that no one trips over
it.
- When the equipment is used after the option is removed, be sure to install the parts or the covers
which have been taken off so that the inside of the equipment is not exposed.
2. General Precautions at Service
- Be sure to turn the power OFF and unplug the power cables during service (except for the
service should be done with the power turned ON).
- Unplug the power cable and clean the area around the prongs of the plug and socket outlet once
a year or more. A fire may occur when dust lies on this area.
- When the parts are disassembled, reassembly is the reverse of disassembly unless otherwise
noted in this manual or other related documents. Be careful not to install small parts such as
screws, washers, pins, E-rings, star washers, harnesses in the wrong places.
- Basically, the equipment should not be operated with any parts removed or disassembled.
- The PC board must be stored in an anti-electrostatic bag and handled carefully using a antistatic
wrist strap since the ICs on it may be damaged due to static electricity.
Caution:

Before using the antistatic wrist strap, unplug the power cable of the
equipment and make sure that there are no charged objects which are not
insulated in the vicinity.

Avoid expose to laser beam during service. This equipment uses a laser diode. Be sure not to
expose your eyes to the laser beam. Do not insert reflecting parts or tools such as a screwdriver
on the laser beam path. Remove all reflecting metals such as watches, rings, etc. before starting
service.
Be sure not to touch high-temperature sections such as the exposure lamp, fuser unit, damp
heater and areas around them.
Be sure not to touch high-voltage sections such as the chargers, transfer belt, 2nd transfer roller,
developer, high-voltage transformer, exposure lamp control inverter, inverter for the LCD
backlight and power supply unit. Especially, the board of these components should not be
touched since the electric charge may remain in the capacitors, etc. on them even after the
power is turned OFF.
Make sure that the equipment will not operate before touching potentially dangerous places (e.g.
rotating/operating sections such as gears, belts pulleys, fans and laser beam exit of the laser
optical unit).
Be careful when removing the covers since there might be the parts with very sharp edges
underneath.
When servicing the equipment with the power turned ON, be sure not to touch live sections and
rotating/operating sections. Avoid exposing your eyes to laser beam.
Use designated jigs and tools.
Use recommended measuring instruments or equivalents.
Return the equipment to the original state and check the operation when the service is finished.
Be very careful to treat the touch panel gently and never hit it. Breaking the surface could cause
malfunctions.

3. General operations
- Check the procedures and perform them as described in the Service Manual.
- Make sure you do not lose your balance.
- Avoid exposure to your skin and wear protective gloves as needed.
4. Important Service Parts for Safety
- The breaker, IH coil, door switch, fuse, thermostat, thermofuse, thermistor, batteries, IC-RAMs
including lithium batteries, etc. are particularly important for safety. Be sure to handle/install them
properly. If these parts are short-circuited and their functions become ineffective, they may result
in fatal accidents such as explosion or burnout. Do not allow a short-circuit and do not use the
parts not recommended by Toshiba TEC Corporation.
5. Cautionary Labels
- During servicing, be sure to check the rating plate and cautionary labels such as Unplug the
power cable during service, CAUTION. HOT, CAUTION. HIGH VOLTAGE, CAUTION.
LASER BEAM, etc. to see if there is any dirt on their surface and if they are properly stuck to the
equipment.
6. Disposal of the Equipment, Supplies, Packing Materials, Used Batteries and IC-RAMs
- Regarding the recovery and disposal of the equipment, supplies, packing materials, used
batteries and IC-RAMs including lithium batteries, follow the relevant local regulations or rules.
7. When the option has been installed:
- When the EFI printer board has been installed, be sure to unplug the power cable before
performing maintenance and inspection, otherwise troubles such as a communication error may
occur.

Caution:
Dispose of used batteries and IC-RAMs including lithium batteries according to this manual.
Attention:
Se dbarrasser de batteries et IC-RAMs uss y compris les batteries en lithium selon ce manuel.
Vorsicht:
Entsorgung der gebrauchten Batterien und IC-RAMs (inclusive der Lithium-Batterie) nach diesem
Handbuch.

CONTENTS
1. OUTLINE ....................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8

About MFPs ...................................................................................................................... 1-1

Types and Features of Options......................................................................................... 1-1
Definition of terms ............................................................................................................. 1-2
Mechanism of MFPs ......................................................................................................... 1-4
HDD Memory Map ............................................................................................................ 1-5
Adjustments ...................................................................................................................... 1-9
Firmware Update............................................................................................................. 1-11
Preventive Maintenance.................................................................................................. 1-12
1.8.1
Overview.......................................................................................................... 1-12
1.8.2
Preventive maintenance parts (PM parts) ....................................................... 1-12
1.8.3
Overhaul .......................................................................................................... 1-12
1.8.4
Conceptual drawing ......................................................................................... 1-12

2. COPY PROCESS .......................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1

2.2
2.3

General Description .......................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1.1
Expression of Colors.......................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.2
4-Step Copy Process......................................................................................... 2-2
Description of Operation ................................................................................................... 2-3
Functions........................................................................................................................... 2-4

3. GENERAL OPERATION............................................................................................... 3-1

3.1
3.2

3.3

Overview of Operation ...................................................................................................... 3-1

Description of Operation ................................................................................................... 3-2
3.2.1
Warming-up ....................................................................................................... 3-2
3.2.2
Ready (ready for copying) ................................................................................. 3-3
3.2.3
Drawer feed copying (1st drawer paper feeding)............................................... 3-3
3.2.4
Bypass feed copying.......................................................................................... 3-6
3.2.5
Interruption copying ........................................................................................... 3-6
Detection of Abnormality ................................................................................................... 3-7
3.3.1
Types of abnormality ......................................................................................... 3-7
3.3.2
Description of abnormality ................................................................................. 3-7

4. CONTROL PANEL........................................................................................................ 4-1

4.1
4.2

4.3
4.4
4.5

General Description .......................................................................................................... 4-1

Items Shown on the Display Panel ................................................................................... 4-2
4.2.1
Display ............................................................................................................... 4-2
4.2.2
Message ............................................................................................................ 4-3
Relation between the Equipment State and Operators Operation ................................... 4-9
Self-diagonsis modes...................................................................................................... 4-11
Error Cord ....................................................................................................................... 4-12

5. SCANNER ..................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5

General Description .......................................................................................................... 5-1

Construction ...................................................................................................................... 5-2
Functions........................................................................................................................... 5-3
Description of Operation ................................................................................................... 5-6
5.4.1
Scanning operation............................................................................................ 5-6
Electric Circuit Description ................................................................................................ 5-7
5.5.1
Exposure Lamp Control Circuit .......................................................................... 5-7
5.5.2
General Description of CCD Control.................................................................. 5-8
5.5.3
Automatic Original Size Detection Circuit .......................................................... 5-9

6. IMAGE PROCESSING .................................................................................................. 6-1

6.1

General Description .......................................................................................................... 6-1

7. LASER OPTICAL UNIT ................................................................................................ 7-1

7.1

General Description .......................................................................................................... 7-1

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Basic Manual
CONTENTS

7.2
7.3

Structure............................................................................................................................ 7-2
LED print head .................................................................................................................. 7-6

8. PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM.......................................................................................... 8-1

8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4

General Descriptions......................................................................................................... 8-1

Composition ...................................................................................................................... 8-3
Functions........................................................................................................................... 8-4
Description of Operation ................................................................................................... 8-6
8.4.1
Drive of rollers.................................................................................................... 8-6
8.4.2
Operation of bypass pickup roller ...................................................................... 8-6
8.4.3
Operation of drawer pickup roller....................................................................... 8-7
8.4.4
Separation of paper ........................................................................................... 8-8
8.4.5
General operation .............................................................................................. 8-9

9. PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION......................................................................... 9-1

9.1
9.2
9.3

General description ........................................................................................................... 9-1

Composition ...................................................................................................................... 9-3
Functions........................................................................................................................... 9-4

10. TRANSFER UNIT........................................................................................................ 10-1

10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4

General Descriptions....................................................................................................... 10-1

Composition .................................................................................................................... 10-2
Functions......................................................................................................................... 10-3
General description of operation ..................................................................................... 10-5
10.4.1 Printing in the color modes .............................................................................. 10-5
10.4.2 Printing in the black mode ............................................................................... 10-6
10.4.3 Color registration control.................................................................................. 10-7

11. IMAGE QUALITY CONTROL ..................................................................................... 11-1

11.1
11.2

General Description ........................................................................................................ 11-1

Composition .................................................................................................................... 11-2

12. FUSER UNIT ............................................................................................................... 12-1

12.1
12.2
12.3

12.4

General Description ........................................................................................................ 12-1

Composition .................................................................................................................... 12-2
Functions......................................................................................................................... 12-3
12.3.1 Heat source section ......................................................................................... 12-5
12.3.2 Fuser drive section .......................................................................................... 12-5
Description of Operation ................................................................................................. 12-6

13. DUPLEX SECTION ..................................................................................................... 13-1

13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.5

General Description ........................................................................................................ 13-1

Composition .................................................................................................................... 13-2
Functions......................................................................................................................... 13-3
13.3.1 Duplexing unit .................................................................................................. 13-3
Description of Operations................................................................................................ 13-4
Method ............................................................................................................................ 13-5

14. EXIT SECTION............................................................................................................ 14-1

14.1
14.2
14.3

14.4

General Description ........................................................................................................ 14-1

Composition .................................................................................................................... 14-3
Functions......................................................................................................................... 14-4
14.3.1 Paper exit unit ................................................................................................. 14-4
14.3.2 Bridge unit........................................................................................................ 14-4
Description of Operations................................................................................................ 14-5

REVISION RECORD ..................................................................................................... 1-1

Basic Manual
CONTENTS

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

1.

OUTLINE

This manual describes basic features of the MFP (Multifunction Peripherals). Refer to the Service
Manual or Service Handbook for the specific features of each model.

1.1

About MFPs

MFP is a device that performs a variety of functions based on a copier including at least one of the
following:
Scan
Printer
FAX
e-Filing

1.2

Types and Features of Options

The types of options that can be installed to an MFP are shown below.
Some options are equipped as a standard device while others are not set as an option. Check Service
Manual for options available for each model.
Type

Name

Options related
to original
feeding

Reversing Automatic
Document Feeder
Automatic Document
Feeder
Original Cover

Options related
to paper
feeding
C

Paper Feed Pedestal

Large Capacity Feeder

Function

This option automatically scans both sides of an

original.
This option automatically scans only one side of an
original.
This option holds an original placed on the original
glass. This is required when neither the RADF or the
ADF is installed.
This option consists of multiple drawers (except for
some models) to be used in combination with the
drawers of an MFP, making three or four drawers
available. This enables users to select different media
types or paper sizes simultaneously by placing them in
each drawer.
This option feeds a large amount of paper at one time.
Although the paper sizes available are limited,
thousands of sheets of paper can be placed in it.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

1-1

Type

Options related
to exiting

Name

Finisher

Bridge Kit

Job Separator

Offset Tray

Hole Punch Unit

Hanging Finisher
Saddle Stitch Finisher
Options related
to
communication

FAX Unit

Wireless LAN module

Bluetooth module
Antenna
Options related
to a network

Printer/Scanner Kit
Printer Kit
Scanner Kit
Data overwrite Enabler
IP Sec Enabler
Meta Scan Enabler
External Interface
Enabler
e-BRIDGE ID Gate
Unicode Font Enabler
Hardcopy Security Kit

1.3

Function

This option exits paper according to a function selected;

copier, fax or printer. When the copier or the printer
function is selected, paper can be made to exit, and in
addition, be sorted and stapled.
This option is used in combination with the Finisher and
transports paper from the inner receiving section to the
Finisher.
This option has stacks of paper exit by sliding each
stack one by one alternately, so that the stacks will be
separated.
This option is used in combination with an inner
receiving tray type MFP. The printed paper exits in the
inner side of the MFP. This cannot be installed together
with the Finisher.
This option punches filing holes on the paper which has
exited.
This option is installed directly to an MFP, similar to
hanging onto it.
This option automatically stitches a stack of paper at its
center.
This option extends the fax functions, enabling a direct
fax transmission from an MFP to a facsimile. An
additional unit to increase fax lines can be installed to it.
This option enables wireless LAN communication.
This option enables Bluetooth communication.
This option is installed for wireless LAN or Bluetooth
communication.
This option extends the printer and the scanner
functions.
This option extends the printer function.
This option extends the scanner function.
This option enables the data overwriting function.
This option enables the IP Sec function.
This option enables the MetaScan function.
This option enables the Embedded Web Browser
function.
This option is used for user authentication with a
noncontact IC card (FeliCa/Mifare).
This option contains the ISO character codes (fonts).
This kit is used to embed a security pattern in the
background of a document to be printed. So when a
printed document with a security pattern is copied,
preset text or graphics will appear in the background of
the copy.

Definition of terms

This manual describes basic features of the MFP (Multifunction Peripherals). Refer to the Service
Manual or Service Handbook for the specific features of each model.

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

1-2

ADF
ADU
ASIC

DPI
DIP-SW

EFI
EPU
FUS

IH

LCF

LSU
OPC (Drum)
PFP
RGB

RADF

STF
TBU

TRU

YMC

ADF is an abbreviation for "Automatic Document Feeder".

This scans multiple originals that are placed on it, one sheet at a time.
ADU is an abbreviation for "Automatic Duplexing Unit". This reverses paper
whose one side is already printed and enables printing on the other side.
ASIC is an abbreviation for "Application Specific Integrated Circuit". This is an
IC chip based on an exclusive design, mounting several circuits (functions)
integrated in one chip to save space.
Dots Per Inch: This refers to the number of pixels per 1 inch (2.54 cm). The
larger the value is, the higher the resolution.
DIP-SW is an abbreviation for "Dual In-line Package Switch", a unit in which
several small slide switches are aligned in line. This is mounted in a PC board
to be used for various settings.
This refers to printer controllers manufactured by Electronic For Imaging Inc.
EPU is an abbreviation for "Electrophotographic Process Unit", consisting of
the developer unit, main charger unit, drum cleaner unit and such.
FUS is an abbreviation for "Fuser unit."
The toner image that has been transferred onto the paper is fused into place by
the fuser unit.
IH is an abbreviation for "Induction Heating". It is a heating method using
electromagnetic induction, and also called "High-frequency induction heating"
or "electromagnetic induction heating"
LCF is an abbreviation for "Large Capacity Feeder", a paper feeding unit that
can load thousands of sheets of paper. Some of them are installed in the MFP
as an option, and others have a paper feeding tray and a paper adding tray,
called Tandem LCF
Laser Optical Unit
OPC is an abbreviation for "Organic Photo Conductor".
PFP is an abbreviation for "Paper Feed Pedestal", an optional multiple-drawer
unit.
RGB is an additive mixture in which red, green, and blue light are added
together to reproduce a variety of colors. It represents the initials of the three
additive primary colors. It is used for image reproduction in CRT, LCD and
digital cameras.
RADF is an abbreviation for "Reversing Automatic Document Feeder".
This scans multiple originals that are placed on it, sheet by sheet, on both
sides.
STF is an abbreviation for "Satellite Thermal capacity roller within Fuser unit".
TBU is an abbreviation for "Transfer Belt Unit."
It consists of components including the transfer belt and the rollers. The toner
image formed on the drum is transferred onto the transfer belt; this is known as
primary transfer.
TRU is an abbreviation for "Transfer Unit."
It is capable of transferring a toner image from either the drum or the transfer
belt onto the paper.
TRU is used for secondary transfer in MFPs equipped with a transfer belt or for
primary transfer in black MFPs (all but a few models).
YMC is a subtractive mixture in which paints are mixed or color inks are laid
together to print in color. It represents the initials of the thee subtractive primary
colors, yellow magenta and cyan.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

1-3

1.4

Mechanism of MFPs

MFPs fall into two types; black MFPs and color MFPs. Each of them adopts a transfer method as
follows
Type

Black MFP
Color MFP

Positions of the OPC and

the developer unit

Revolver system
Tandem system

Revolver system
Tandem system
Direct transfer system
Indirect thermal transfer
system

[A]

Transferring

Layout

Direct transfer system

Indirect thermal transfer system.
Direct transfer system
Indirect thermal transfer system.

A
B
C
D

An image is formed on one OPC by switching the developer units, and colors are
overlaid on the surface of the indirect transfer belt (serial processing).
Four OPCs are aligned in parallel, and four colors form an image simultaneously
(parallel processing).
An image is transferred directly from OPC to paper.
After being formed on the transfer belt, an image is transferred to paper.

[1]

[3]

[B]

[2]

[2]

Y
K

[C]

[1]
K

[1]

[4]

[1]
K

[D]

[3]

[4]

[2]

[4]

Y
Y

K
[4]

[3]

[1]

[1]

Fig. 1-1

*Y, M, C and K show the developer unit of each color.

[1] Drum
[2] 2nd transfer roller
[3] Transfer belt
[4] Paper

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

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1-4

1.5

HDD Memory Map

An HDD for data storage or processing is installed in almost all MFPs.

In addition, a page memory or main memory for image processing purposes is also installed. (In some
models, the value for these memories are inclusive.)
The table below shows the capacity and the available space (value) of the HDD and the memories for
each model.
(1)

Black MFP

Category

HDD
Copy
Box

Scan

FAX
Print

Item

HDD
Memory copy
e-Filing
Public box
User box
Folders per box
Documents per
box
Pages per
document
Number of
maximum jobs
Scan to File
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs
FAX Transmission
FAX Reception
Printer Data Spool
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs
Job area
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs

Unit

eeSTUDIO STUDIO
280
282
eeeeseries,
series, STUDIO STUDIO STUDIO STUDIO
ee600
600
855
455
STUDIO STUDIO series
series
series
series
450
452
series
series

GB
40
40
40
80
80
80
GB
4
4
4
30
6
10
GB
5
5
5
10
7
9.5
Box
1
1
1
1
1
1
Box
200
200
200
200
200
200
Folder
100
100
100
100
100
100
Docume
400
400
400
400
400
400
nt
Page
200
1000
1000
1000
200
200
Job

20

20
4

20

GB
GB
GB
Job
Job

0.24
0.5
0.5
0.5
3.5
3.5
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.5
0.5
1.3
2
2
2
7
7
1000
1000
1000
1000
2000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000

GB
Job
Job

0.85
2
2
2
7
7
1000
1000
1000
1000
2000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

2000
20

20

1000
20

10

20

GB
Page
Job

1000
20

20

2000
20

9.5
2000
1000
20
20

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

1-5

Category

HDD
Copy
Box

Scan

FAX
Print

Item

HDD
Memory copy
e-Filing
Public box
User box
Folders per box
Documents per
box
Pages per
document
Number of
maximum jobs
Scan to File
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs
Scanning
temporary
FAX Transmission
FAX Reception
Printer Data Spool
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs
Job area
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs

Unit

eeeeeeSTUDIO STUDIO
STUDIO STUDIO STUDIO
STUDIO
456
856
507
857
527S
306LP
series
series
series
series
series

GB
80
80
80
320
320
320
GB
22 *1
22 *1
22 *1
30 *5
30 *5
30 *5
GB
27 *2
27 *2
27 *2
200 *2 200 *2 200 *2
Box
1
1
1
1
1
1
Box
200
200
200
200
200
200
Folder
100
100
100
100
100
100
Docume
400
400
400
400
400
400
nt
Page
200
200
200
200
200
200
Job

899

899

899

899

899

899

GB
Page
Job

27 *2
27 *2
27 *2
200 *2 200 *2 200 *2
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
899
899
899
899
899
899

GB

22 *1

22 *1

22 *1

30 *5

30 *5

30 *5

GB

1 *3

1 *3

1 *3

1 *3

1 *3

1 *3

GB
Job
Job

30 *5

30 *5

30 *5

GB
Job
Job

1000
1000

1000
1000
9

1000
1000

1000
1000
9

1000
1000

*4
1000
30 *5

1000
1000

*4
1000

*4
1000
30 *5
*4
1000

*4
1000
30 *5
*4
1000

*1: Summed up the values of "Memory Copy" and "Scanning temporary"

*2: Summed up the values of "e-filing" and "Scan to file"
*3: Summed up the values of "FAX Transmission" and "FAX Reception"
*4: Available until the storage disk becomes full
*5: Summed up the values of "Memory Copy", "Scanning temporary", "Printer Data Spool" and "Job
area"

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

1-6

(2)

Color MFP

Category

HDD
Copy
Box

Scan

FAX
Print

Item

HDD
Memory copy
e-Filing
Public box
User box
Folders per box
Documents per
box
Pages per
document
Number of
maximum jobs
Scan to File
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs
Scanning
temporary
FAX Transmission
FAX Reception
Printer Data Spool
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs
Job area
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs

Unit

GB
GB
GB
Box
Box
Folder
Docume
nt
Page

eeSTUDIO STUDIO
eee4520C
4540C
STUDIO STUDIO STUDIO series,
series,
4511
341c
3510c
eeseries
series
series STUDIO STUDIO
6520C
6540C
series
series

80
16
10

Job

80
24.5
10

80
10
12.5

80
14
14

80
22 *1
27 *2

1
200
100
400

1
200
100
400

1
200
100
400

1
200
100
400

1
200
100
400

200

200

200

200

200

20

20

20

20

899

2000
20

27 *2
1000
899

GB
Page
Job

10

GB

GB
GB
GB
Job
Job

0.24
0.24
0.5
3.5
1 *3
0.12
0.12
0.2
0.5
3.15
4
9
7
9
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000

GB
Job
Job

1000
20

10
1000
20

4
1000
1000

10
2000
20
5

9
1000
1000

22 *1

7
1000
1000

9
1000
1000

1000
1000

*1: Summed up the values of "Memory Copy" and "Scanning temporary"

*2: Summed up the values of "e-filing" and "Scan to file"
*3: Summed up the values of "FAX Transmission" and "FAX Reception"
The above table shows the available space (value) for each function. Besides the HDD allocated
space, there are limitations on the number of files.
Therefore, if the number of files exceeds the upper limit, even though enough free space is left, no
further processing may be performed, and consequently an error may occur.
Notes:
The capacity of the HDD does not always coincide with the total amount of allocated space
because some space has been occupied for a specific purpose such as the system area.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

1-7

Category

HDD
Copy
Box

Scan

FAX
Print

Item

Unit

HDD

GB

Memory copy
e-Filing
Public box
User box
Folders per box
Documents per
box
Pages per
document
Number of
maximum jobs
Scan to File
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs
Scanning
temporary
FAX Transmission
FAX Reception
Printer Data Spool
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs
Job area
Pages per job
Number of
maximum jobs

GB
GB
Box
Box
Folder
Docume
nt
Page

eeeeeSTUDIO STUDIO
STUDIO STUDIO STUDIO
2550C
2550C
5055C
6570C
407CS
series
series
series
series
series
(SSD)
(HDD)

8
(SSD)
1.4 *1
-

320

Job

320

320

320

30 *5
30 *5
30 *5
30 *5
200 *2 200 *2 200 *2 200 *2
1
1
1
1
200
200
200
200
100
100
100
100
400
400
400
400

200

200

200

200

899

899

899

899

GB
Page
Job

200 *2 200 *2 200 *2 200 *2

*4
1000
1000
1000
1000
449
899
899
899
899

GB

1.4 *1

30 *5

30 *5

30 *5

30 *5

GB

0.1 *3

1 *3

1 *3

1 *3

1 *3

GB
Job
Job

1.4 *1
30 *5
30 *5
30 *5
30 *5
*4
*4
*4
*4
*4
500
1000
1000
1000
1000

GB
Job
Job

30 *5
*4
500

*4
1000

30 *5
*4
1000

30 *5
*4
1000

30 *5
*4
1000

*1: Summed up the values of "Memory Copy", "Scanning temporary" and "Printer Data Spool"
*2: Summed up the values of "e-filing" and "Scan to file"
*3: Summed up the values of "FAX Transmission" and "FAX Reception"
*4: Available until the storage disk becomes full
*5: Summed up the values of "Memory Copy", "Scanning temporary", "Printer Data Spool" and "Job
area"
The above table shows the available space (value) for each function. Besides the HDD allocated
space, there are limitations on the number of files.
Therefore, if the number of files exceeds the upper limit, even though enough free space is left, no
further processing may be performed, and consequently an error may occur.
Notes:
The capacity of the HDD does not always coincide with the total amount of allocated space
because some space has been occupied for a specific purpose such as the system area.

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

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1-8

1.6

Adjustments

This section describes the types and purposes of adjustments.

Principally, there are 2 types of adjustment: mechanical adjustment and image quality adjustment.
Mechanical adjustment is performed when parts are replaced or defective conditions are encountered.
Note that the replacement of parts or the developer material may also involve image quality adjustment.
(1)

Mechanical adjustment
Category

RADF

Name

RADF position adjustment

RADF height adjustment
Skew adjustment
Leading edge position
adjustment
Horizontal position
adjustment
Copy ratio adjustment

Scanner

Developer unit
High-voltage
transformer
(HVT)
TBU

RADF opening/closing
sensor adjustment
Carriages-1 and -2
positions adjustment
Lens unit position
adjustment
Doctor-to-sleeve gap
adjustment
High-voltage transformer
adjustment
Transfer belt adjustment
due to environmental
factors
Gap adjustment between
TBU drive gears
TBU parallelism adjustment

LSU

Fuser unit
Drawer

Developer unit

Adjustment of tilted image

at the leading edge of the
paper
Separation plate gap
adjustment
Adjustment of sheet
sideways deviation caused
by paper feeding
Auto-toner sensor
adjustment

Purpose

Adjusts the installation position of the RADF every

time it is installed.
Adjusts the height of the RADF every time it is
installed.
Adjusts the installation position of the roller to
protect a scanned original from being skewed.
Aligns the leading edge position of an original to
that of the printed image.
Corrects misalignment between an original and the
printed image in a horizontal direction.
Corrects a difference in dimensions between an
original and the printed image.
Adjusts the position to detect the opening and
closing of the RADF.
Adjusts the position of the carriages by taking up
the slack of the carriage wire.
Adjusts the position of the lens unit to eliminate any
difference in dimensions between an original and
the printed image.
Adjusts the gap between the developer sleeve and
the doctor blade.
Monitors and adjusts the output of each bias when
the HVT is replaced.
Corrects image distortion caused by the expansion
and contraction of the transfer belt due to
temperature and humidity changes.
Adjusts the gap between the TBU and the drive
gears to prevent the disengagement of the gear
teeth.
Adjusts the parallelism of the TBU and the 2nd
transfer roller.
Adjusts the installation position of the LSU to
correct image distortion or skew resulting from
improper positioning of the LSU.
Adjusts the gap between the fuser belt and the
separation plate to avoid paper jamming.
Corrects any misalignment between an original and
the printed image.
Adjusts the sensor every time the developer
material is replaced.

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BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

1-9

Category

Registration
section
Printer section
Scanner section

(2)

Name

Purpose

Adjustment of paper
alignment at the registration
roller
Printer related adjustment

Corrects any misalignment between an original and

the printed image.

Adjusts the image dimensions to prevent the

printed image from being distorted.
Scanner section adjustment Performs adjustment to prevent a scan image from
being distorted.

Image quality adjustment

Category

Image

Name

Image quality adjustment

Purpose

Performs the adjustments for the copy, printer,

scanner, and fax features individually, including the
automatic gamma adjustment, density adjustment,
and background adjustment. These should only be
performed at the request of a customer.

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

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1 - 10

1.7

Firmware Update

The firmware contained in the equipment is updated to further improve its performance or capabilities.
It is strongly recommended to keep updating the software in order to maintain the performance of the
equipment, extend its capabilities and eliminate defects.
(1)

Update procedure
There are 2 main ways of updating the firmware.
A: Using the download jig
B: Using the USB media

Remarks:
The download jig is available as a service part.
Commercially available USB media can be used.
In general, use the download jig only if firmware updating with USB media is not allowed or
supported.
When updating the firmware with the download jig, it is necessary to remove the cover from the
equipment and then insert the jig directly into the desired PC board.
As a result, the firmware needs to be updated from one PC board to another.
In addition, a ROM writer is required first to write update data to the download jig.
On the other hand, when using USB media for firmware updating, first write updating data to the
USB media.
Once the USB media, where the data have been written, have been inserted into the USB port
on the equipment, data downloading will be started.
In addition, it is possible to update the firmware on multiple PC boards together.
Therefore, it is strongly recommended to update the firmware with USB media.

(2)
Step

Update procedure (flow)

Using USB media

Using the download jig

1
2
3

Prepare the USB media.

Obtain the update program or data.
Write the data from a PC to the USB media.

Insert the USB media into the equipment.

5
6

Firmware updating is started.

-

Prepare the download jig.

Obtain the update program or data.
Write the data from a PC to the download jig
via a ROM writer.
Open the cover of the equipment. Insert the
jig into the PC board to update.
Firmware updating is started.
Repeat steps 2 through 5 to update the
firmware on other PC boards.

Notes:
Refer to the Service Manual of the model in use for further information regarding the update
procedure and precautions.

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BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

1 - 11

1.8
1.8.1

Preventive Maintenance
Overview

The purpose of preventive maintenance (PM) is to maintain the quality of the equipment not only by
regular inspection and cleaning but also by replacement of the parts at specified intervals according to
the maintenance contract. Preventive maintenance parts are packed in kit form, known as PM kits, by
units or the number of pages printed before replacement. This increases the parts replacement
efficiency.

1.8.2

Preventive maintenance parts (PM parts)

Preventive maintenance parts (PM parts) refer to the parts that need replacing on a regular basis in
order to maintain the performance of the equipment. PM parts are marked with "PM" in the disassembly
procedure. In addition, the preventive inspection table shows the replacement cycle (or the number of
pages printed before replacement). For further information, refer to the Service Manual. The PM cycle
is determined based on the PM part with the shortest replacement cycle.

1.8.3

Overhaul

An overhaul of the equipment is required after a specified number of pages have been printed or after a
specified time period has elapsed. In an overhaul, the consumables are replaced. Besides that, the
drive section is greased, and the individual parts of the equipment are inspected or cleaned. Preventive
maintenance is scheduled to be performed multiple times (2 to 10 times) prior to an overhaul.

1.8.4

Conceptual drawing

The figure below shows the relationship between the PM parts and an overhaul.
Printing

PM part: A
PM part: B
PM part: C
PM part: D
1st Preventive
maintenance

2nd Preventive
maintenance

3rd Preventive
maintenance

Overhaul

Fig. 1-2

The above figure just shows an example. Refer to the Service Manual of the model in use for further
information regarding the overhaul or PM cycle.

BASIC MANUAL
OUTLINE

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1 - 12

2.

COPY PROCESS

2.1
2.1.1

General Description
2

Expression of Colors

A variety of colors can be expressed by mixing the three primary colors: Yellow, magenta and cyan.
Red can be created by mixing yellow and magenta; blue can be created by mixing magenta and cyan;
green is created by mixing cyan and yellow; and mixing all the three primary colors allows you to obtain
black.
The color MFP has better reproducibility because black toner is added to the mixture of the above three
colors at the proper ratio.

Yellow

Red

Green
Black

Magenta
Blue

Cyan

[Three primary colors]

Fig. 2-1

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2-1

2.1.2

4-Step Copy Process

In the TOSHIBA color MFP, 4 color process units (EPU), which include a drum, a developer unit and a
main charger, for yellow, magenta, cyan and black are placed in parallel. Colors are developed in the
order of Yellow (Y) -> Magenta (M) -> Cyan (C) -> Black (K). An image with the 4 developed colors is
transferred on the transfer belt by layering the colors one by one (1st transfer). Then the image is
formed on a sheet by being transferred from the transfer belt by the 2nd transfer roller (2nd transfer).
[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[6]

[5]

[10]

[7]
[9]

[8]

Fig. 2-2

[1] 1st transfer roller

[2] Photoconductive drum
[3] Drum surface potential sensor
[4] Developer unit
[5] Main charger
[6] Discharge LED
[7] Transfer belt
[8] Laser optical unit
[9] 2nd transfer roller
[10] Fuser unit

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

2-2

2.2

Description of Operation

2
Original exposure

Xenon lamp

Fusing

Paper exit

IH coil

Heater lamp

2
3
6

Data reading (scanning)

1st transfer

CCD

7
2nd transfer
Image processing
Toner
Carrier

Photoconductive drum

Black development

Magnetic roller bias

Cleaning
10

(-) Discharging (LED array)

Bypass feeding

Data writing

Drawer feeding

Semiconductor laser
Charger (grid voltage)

LCF / Tandem LCF feeding

Fig. 2-3

(1)

Charging: Places a negative charge on the

surface of the photoconductive drum.

(6)

(2)

Original exposure: Converts images on the

original into optical signals.

(3)

Data reading: The optical image signals are

read into CCD and converted into electrical
signals.

(7)

2nd transfer: Transfers the visible image

(toner) on the transfer belt to paper.

(8)

Fusing: Fuses the toner image to the paper

by applying heat and pressure.

(4)

Data writing: The electrical image signals

are changed to light signals (by laser
emission) which expose the surface of the
photoconductive drum.

(9)

(5)

Development: Negatively-charged toner is

made to adhere to the photoconductive
drum, producing a visible image.

1st transfer: Transfers the visible image

(toner) on photoconductive drum to the
transfer belt.

Blade cleaning: While scraping off the

residual toner from the drum by the blade.

(10)

() Discharging: Eliminates the residual ()

charge from the surface of the
photoconductive drum.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2-3

2.3

Functions

[A] Photoconductive drum

The photoconductive drum consists of two layers.
The outer layer is a photoconductive layer made of an organic photoconductive carrier (OPC), and the
inner layer is an aluminum conductive base in a cylindrical form.
The photoconductive carrier has a special property: when it is exposed to light, the electrical resistance
it possesses increases or decreases with the strength of the light.
Example:
Strong incident lightDecreases resistance (works as a conductor.)
Weak incident lightIncreases resistance (works as an insulator.)

Photoconductive layer
Base
Structure of the photoconductive drum
(Example of OPC)
Fig. 2-4

[A-1] Formation of electrostatic latent images

In the processes of charging, data reading, data writing, and discharging described below, the areas on
the drum corresponding to colored areas on the original are deprived of negative charge, while the
areas on the drum corresponding to white areas retain the negative charge. Thus it forms a negative
charge image on the drum surface.
As this negative charge image on the drum is not visible to the human eye, it is called an electrostatic
latent image.
Surface potential (V)

Time (t)
0

Colored area of original

-500

White area of original

-1000

Discharge Charging
process process

Electric potential of the photoconductive drum

Fig. 2-5

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

2-4

[B] Charging
Charging is a process to apply charge evenly to the drum surface.
The needle electrode produces negative corona discharge, which is controlled by the grid so that the
drum surface is evenly charged with negative potential.
The surface potential on the drum is determined by the grid potential and is controlled to a fixed value
by the grid control circuit.

Rotation of drum

Main charger

Grid control circuit

High-voltage
transformer
Fig. 2-6

[C] Data reading (scanning)

Data reading is a process of illuminating the original with light and converting the reflected light into
electrical signals.
The light reflected from the original is directed to the Charge Coupled Device (CCD) and this optical
image information is converted to electrical signals (image signals), which are then transmitted to the
image processing section via the scanning section control PC board.
The CCD for color processing has RGB filters provided over its surface, which allow the CCD to read
the light amount in the respective ranges of wavelength. The image data corresponding to the
respective RGB colors is then transmitted to the image processing section.
(Example)
CCD light
receiving
amount

CCD board
Scanning section
control PC board

Light

Value of image
signals to be
output
255
Difference between
"light " and "dark" is
divided into 256 steps.

Image processing
section
Dark
Fig. 2-7

0
Fig. 2-8

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2-5

[D] Data writing

Data writing is a process of converting the image signals transmitted from the image processing section
into light signals and exposing the drum surface with the light signal.
Namely, the image signals transmitted from the image processing section are converted into optical
signals (laser emission) by the semiconductor laser element, which are then used to expose the drum
surface, thus forming an electrostatic latent image there.
Image
processing
section

Laser driving
PC board

Polygonal mirror

Semiconductor
laser element

Drum-Y

Drum-M

Drum-C

Drum-K

Fig. 2-9

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

2-6

[E] Development
Development is a process of making the electrostatic latent images visible to the eye (visible image).
Developer material is supplied to the photoconductive drum surface by means of a magnetic roller,
allowing the toner in the developer material to adhere to the areas on the drum surface where the
potential is lower than the developer bias which is applied to the magnetic roller (reverse development).
Drum

Magnetic roller

Magnetic roller

Toner
Carrier (always attracted
onto the magnet)
Toner

Fig. 2-10

Bias voltage

Toner
Photoconductive drum
Photoconductive layer
Aluminum base
Fig. 2-11

White background

When the () potential of

the photoconductive
drum is higher than
the developer bias.

- 500V

Halftone

Solid

White background
Image is not
developed

- 400V

Image is developed by
toner

Bias
voltage

- 300V

When the () potential of

the photoconductive
drum is lower than
the developer bias.

- 200V

- 100V
0

Fig. 2-12

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BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2-7

[E-1] About developer material

The developer material is comprised of a mixture of toner and carrier. The toner is charged to a
negative polarity and the carrier to a positive polarity, due to the friction with each other caused by
mixing.
Carrier is 5 to 10 times as large as toner.
Toner:
Mainly consists of resin and coloring.
Carrier:
Consists of ferrite, and over its surface resin coating to provide consistent frictional
electrification.

Ferrite

Colorant

Resin

Coating
[Toner]

[Carrier]
Fig. 2-13

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

2-8

[E-2] Magnetic roller

- Magnetic brush development technique
Inside magnetic rollers, the south and north poles are arranged as shown in the figure below. The
developer material forms a brush-like fluff which contacts the photoconductive drum surface.

This is caused by the lines of magnetic force between the south and north poles.

Lines of magnetic force

Photoconductive
drum

N
S
Magnetic roller

Fig. 2-14

[F] 1st transfer

1st transfer is a process of transcribing the toner image (visible image) formed on the photoconductive
drum to the transfer belt. A positive bias is applied to the 1st transfer roller, causing the transfer belt to
be positively charged. This in turn helps to form an electric field E between the transfer belt (positive)
and the photoconductive layer of the photoconductive drum (grounded), thus making the toner image
transferred to the transfer belt. In the copy process of the color MFP, images are transferred in the order
of Y->M->C->K on the transfer belt.
1st transfer roller

Transfer belt

Transfer belt

Toner

Y
Photoconductive drum

E
Pho

toco

Fig. 2-15

nduc

Alum

inum

tive

laye

base

r
Pho
to
drum conduc
tiv

Fig. 2-16

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BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2-9

[G] 2nd transfer

An electric field is formed between the 2nd transfer roller and the 2nd transfer facing roller, which
generates a paper polarization and thus the toner is transferred from the belt to the paper.
When the negative bias is applied to the 2nd transfer facing roller, the 2nd transfer roller is charged
(positive), and thus the toner is transferred from the belt to paper.
2nd transfer
roller

Transfer belt

2nd transfer
facing roller
Fig. 2-17

[H] Fusing process

Fusing is a process of melting the toner on the paper and fixing it firmly onto the paper.
Method:
The softening point of the toner (main component: resin) is 105-120C.

(Heat)
Toner is melted by the fuser belt.
+
(Pressure)
The pressure roller is pressed against the fuser belt by the springs to increase
adherence of the melted toner to the paper.

The paper is subjected to the heat and pressure when passing through the fuser belt and the pressure
roller.

(Fusing)
The toner on the paper is fused to it.

Pressure roller
Pressure

Fuser belt

Fuser roller
Satellite roller
Fig. 2-18

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

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2 - 10

[I] Cleaning
When toner is transferred from the transfer belt (or the OPC) to paper, a small amount remains on the
transfer belt (or the OPC). As remaining toner lowers the image quality, it must be scraped off. This
operation is called cleaning.
The edge of the cleaning blade is pressed against the photoconductive drum surface to scrape off
residual toner.
Drum cleaner

Drum rotation

Cleaning blade
Fig. 2-19

[J] () Discharging process

Discharging is a process of eliminating the () charge remaining on the photoconductive drum before
the next charging process.
If the charge remaining on the photoconductive drum is not eliminated, the following phenomenon
would occur:
() charge remaining on the photoconductive drum surface causes uneven application of the charge for
the next copying.

The next copy obtains a double image. (The preceding image remains.)
To prevent this:
The entire surface of the photoconductive drum is flooded with light by the discharge LED array.

The photoconductive drum becomes electrically conductive.

All of the () charge remaining on the photoconductive drum is conducted away to ground.

Preparation for the next copying process is completed.

Photoconductive
drum

Discharge LED
array
Fig. 2-20

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BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2 - 11

BASIC MANUAL
COPY PROCESS

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

2 - 12

3.

GENERAL OPERATION

3.1

Overview of Operation

The statuses of basic operations of the MFP are explained below.

Operation of MFP

Operation during initializing, pre-running and ready

Drawer feed copying by the [START] button
Copying operation

Bypass feed copying

Interrupt copying

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BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

3-1

3.2
3.2.1

Description of Operation
Warming-up

1. Initialization
Power ON
IH coils / Heater lamps ON
The set number 1, reproduction ratio 100% and Wait Warming Up are displayed.
Fan motors ON
Initialization of laser optical system
- The polygonal motor rotates at high speed.
Initialization of feeding system
- Each drawer tray goes up.
- Tandem LCF tray goes up.
The pre-running operation is stopped after a specified time.
Initialization of process unit system (process unit related section)
- The 2nd transfer roller moves to the releasing position.
- The transfer belt moves to the releasing position.
- The needle electrode cleaner moves to the home position.
Drum phasing
- The drum motor is turned ON.
- The transfer belt motor is turned ON.
Cleaning of transfer belt
- (Performs color registration control.)*1
- (Performs drum surface potential sensors control.)*1
- (Performs image quality control.)*1
Initialization of scanning system
- The carriage moves to the home position.
- The carriage moves to the peak detection position.
- The exposure lamp is turned ON.
- Peak detection (the white color is detected by the shading correction plate)
- The exposure lamp is turned OFF.
The polygonal motor rotates at low speed.
READY (WARMING UP) is displayed.
2. Pre-running operation
The pre-running operation is started at the corresponding starting timing or when the temperature of
the pressure roller surface becomes pre-running.
The fuser motor is turned ON.
- Fuser roller rotation.
3. When the temperature of the fuser belt and pressure roller surfaces becomes sufficient for fusing,
The IH coil / Heater lamps is turned OFF.
READY is displayed.
The polygonal motor rotates at high speed for 30 seconds.
*1: Image quality control and color registration control should be performed only at a change of
environment or at periodical maintenance.

BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

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3-2

3.2.2

Ready (ready for copying)

Buttons on the control panel enabled

When no button is pressed for a certain period of time,
- The set number 1 and reproduction ratio 100% are displayed. The equipment returns to
the normal ready state.
The fuser unit repeats rotation and stopping

3.2.3

Drawer feed copying (1st drawer paper feeding)

1. Press the [START] button.

READY changes to COPYING.
The exposure lamp is turned ON
The scan motor is turned ON. Carriages-1 and -2 move forward.
The polygonal motor rotates at high speed.
The drum motor, transport motor, transfer belt motor 2nd transfer
motor, developer unit motor, developer unit mixer motor, fuser
motor and exit motor are turned ON.
- The drum, transfer belt, fuser unit, developer unit and exit roller are driven.
2. Drawer paper feeding
The fans are rotated at high speed and feed motor is turned ON.
- The pickup roller, feed roller, separation roller and transport roller start to rotate.
Paper reaches the 1st drawer feed sensor.
- The 1st drawer feed sensor is turned ON.
Paper reaches the registration roller
- The registration sensoris turned ON and aligning is performed.
The feed motor is turned OFF after a certain period of time.
3. After a certain period of time passed from the carriage operation
The registration motor is turned ON after a certain period of time. Paper is transported to
the transfer area.
The copy counter operates.
4. Completion of scanning
The exposure lamp is turned OFF.
The Scan motor is turned OFF.
The Registration motor is turned OFF (after the trailing edge of the paper passed the
registration roller).
READY (PRINTING) is displayed.

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BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

3-3

5. Printing operation
1) Color printing operation
The drum motor, transfer belt motor 2nd transfer motor and discharge
LED-Y, -M, -C, -K ON.
The main charger bias is turned ON.
The transfer belt cam motor is turned ON.
- The 1st transfer rollers (Y, M and C) contact the transfer belt.
The YMCK developer bias (DC), developer unit motor and developer unit mixer
motor is turned ON.
The 2nd transfer motor is turned ON. The clutches are turned ON/OFF.
- The 2nd transfer roller contact the transfer belt.
The 2nd transfer bias is turned ON.
The YMC and K developer bias (AC) are turned ON.
Laser emission (yellow image)
The 1st transfer bias (Y) is turned ON.
- 1st transfer of yellow image (The yellow image is transferred to the transfer belt.)
The 1st transfer bias (Y) is turned OFF.
Laser emission (magenta image)
The 1st transfer bias (M) is turned ON.
- 1st transfer of magenta image (The magenta image is transferred to the transfer belt.)
The 1st transfer bias (M) is turned OFF.
Laser emission (cyan image)
The 1st transfer bias (C) is turned ON.
- 1st transfer of cyan image (The cyan image is transferred to the transfer belt.)
The 1st transfer bias (C) is turned OFF.
Laser emission (black image)
The 1st transfer bias (K) is turned ON.
- 1st transfer of black image (The black image is transferred to the transfer belt.)
The 1st transfer bias (K) is turned OFF.
The transfer belt cam motor is turned OFF.
- The 1st transfer rollers (Y, M and C) are released from the transfer belt.
2nd transfer of YMCK image (The YMCK image on the transfer belt is transferred to the paper.)
The main charger is turned OFF.
The developer unit motor, developer unit mixer motor and developer
bias (YMC and K) are turned OFF.
The 2nd transfer motor is turned ON. The clutches are turned ON/OFF.
- The 2nd transfer roller is released from the transfer belt.
The 2nd transfer bias is turned OFF.
Drum phasing
The drum motor, transfer belt motor, 2nd transfer motor and discharge
LED-Y, -M, -C, -K OFF.
2nd transfer roller reverse rotating

BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

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3-4

2) Black printing operation

The drum motor, transfer belt motor, 2nd transfer motor and discharge LED-K
ON.
The main charger bias is turned ON.
The K developer bias (DC), developer unit motor and developer unit mixer motor
are turned ON.
The 2nd transfer motor is turned ON. The clutches are turned ON/OFF.
- The 2nd transfer roller contacts the transfer belt.
The 2nd transfer bias is turned ON.
The K developer bias (AC) is turned ON.
Laser emission (black image)
The 1st transfer bias (K) is turned ON.
- 1st transfer of black image (The black image is transferred to the transfer belt.)
The 1st transfer bias (K) is turned OFF.
2nd transfer of K image (The K image on the transfer belt is transferred to the paper.)
The main charger is turned OFF.
The developer unit motor, developer unit mixer motor and developer bias (K) are
turned OFF.
The 2nd transfer motor is turned ON. The clutches are turned ON/OFF.
- The 2nd transfer roller is released from the transfer belt.
The 2nd transfer bias is turned OFF.
Drum phasing
The Drum motor , transfer belt motor, 2nd transfer motor and discharge LED-K
OFF.
2nd transfer roller reverse rotating
6. Paper exiting
The exit sensor detects the trailing edge of the paper.
The toner recovery auger and discharge LED OFF.
The drum motor, developer unit mixer motor, transfer belt motor,
2nd transfer motor, transport motor, developer unit motor, fuser
motor and exit motor are turned OFF.
The polygonal motor rotates at low speed.
The drum, fuser unit and developer unit are stopped.
- The fans return to rotate at the normal rotation speed.
READY is displayed and the equipment enters into the ready mode.

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BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

3-5

3.2.4

Bypass feed copying

1. Place paper on the bypass tray.

The bypass paper sensor is turned ON.
- Ready for bypass feeding is displayed.
The carriages move to their home position.
2. Press the [START] button.
Ready for bypass feeding changes to COPYING.
Exposure lamp (EXP) ON
Scan motor ON Carriages-1 and -2 move forward.
The drum motor, transfer belt motor, 2nd transfer motor, transport motor
, developer unit motor, developer unit mixer motor fuser motor
and exit motor are turned ON.
- The drum, transfer belt, fuser unit, developer unit and exit roller are driven.
3. Bypass feeding
The fans rotate at high speed.
The bypass motor is turned ON.
- The bypass pickup roller is lowered.
The bypass pickup solenoid is turned ON.
- The bypass pickup roller, feed roller and separation roller start to rotate.
Aligning operation
Paper reaches the registration roller.
After a certain period of time, the bypass motor is turned OFF.
4. Hereafter, operations (3) through (6) are repeated.

3.2.5

Interruption copying

1. Press the [INTERRUPT] button

LED INTERRUPT is turned ON.
Copying operation in progress is temporarily stopped, and the carriages-1 and -2 return to their
appropriate positions.
Job interrupted job 1 saved is displayed.
Automatic density and reproduction ratio 100% are set. The set number remains the same.
2. Select the desired copy condition
3. After interruption copying is finished:
Press interrupt to resume job 1 is displayed.
LED INTERRUPT is turned OFF by pressing the [INTERRUPT] button, and the equipment
returns to the status before the interruption.
Ready to resume job 1 is displayed.
4. Press the [START] button
The copying operation before the interruption is resumed.

BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

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3-6

3.3

Detection of Abnormality

When something abnormal has occurred in the equipment, symbols corresponding to the type of
abnormality are displayed.

3.3.1

Types of abnormality

1. Toner needs to be supplied or the paper is incorrectly set

(A) Add paper
(B) Paper misfeed in bypass
(C) No toner in the cartridge

2. The paper is jammed or the waste toner box is full

(D) Misfeed in equipment
(E) Waste toner box replacement
3. A system problem occurs
(F) Call for service

3.3.2

Description of abnormality

[A] Add paper

[In case of the equipment drawer or PFP drawer] (When no drawer is installed)
Drawer not detected

Drawer is not installed:

Drawer is installed but there is no paper in it:

No paper

A signal sent to the control circuit

Drawer area of the control panel blinks

(When the drawer is selected)

[START] button is disabled.

[In case of the equipment, tandem LCF] (When a drawer is installed)

Based on the combination of the tray-up motor movement and the status of the tray-up sensor and
empty sensor, The CPU detects the presence of paper.

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BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

3-7

When the power is turned ON or tandem LCF drawer is inserted (When the power is turned ON or
The equipment drawers are inserted).
LCF performs initialization.

Detects the presence of paper

Tray-up motor ON - The tray goes up

At this time, the tray-up sensor and LCF empty sensor are OFF.
When the tray-up sensor is not turned ON within a fixed period of time, it means
that the tray is in an abnormal condition
Add paper is displayed regardless of the presence/absence of paper.
Cleared by turning the power ON/OFF
The tray-up sensor is turned ON within a fixed period of time
- The tray-up motor stops.
At this time, if the empty sensor is
ON: It is judged that there is paper.
OFF: It is judged that there is no paper.

The drawer area of the control

panel blinks.
(When the drawer is selected)

When the paper in the drawer runs short during copying,

The tray-up sensor is turned OFF.
The tray-up motor is turned ON. - The tray goes up.
The tray-up sensor is turned ON.
The tray-up motor is stopped.

The empty sensor is turned OFF during copying in spite of the tray-up sensor being ON

It is judged that there is no paper.

The drawer area of the control panel blinks.

(When the drawer is selected)

The copying operation is stopped.

BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

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3-8

[B] Paper misfeed in bypass

[In case of the equipment drawer or PFP drawer] (When no drawer is installed)
During bypass feeding
The bypass motor is turned ON

The registration sensor is turned ON

* The registration sensor is not turned ON within a fixed period of time (E120).

Bypass misfeeding

The bypass misfeed symbol is displayed.

The copying operation is disabled.

Solution: The bypass sensor is turned OFF when you remove the paper from the bypass tray.

[C] No toner in the cartridge

Toner density becomes low

Auto-toner sensor detects the absence of toner

Toner supplying for a specified time: Toner motor ON

Not reaching the specified toner density: Auto toner sensor

Control circuitToner cartridge replacement display:

Color copying is not accepted if the Y/M/C toner cartridge replacement display
appears.(Black copying is accepted.)
Copying is not accepted if the toner K cartridge replacement display appears.
Solution:
Replace the toner cartridge with new one.
Toner is supplied copying operation enabled

Toner remaining amount decreased

Toner remaining amount decreasing detection: Toner sensor

Toner supplying for a specified time: Toner motor and toner motor ON

Toner sensor does not detect full.

Control circuitToner cartridge empty display:

The auto toner sensor detects that the density is not reached and color/black
copies can be made until the toner cartridge empty status is determined
Solution:
Replace the toner cartridge with new one.

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BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

3-9

[D] Misfeed in equipment

The exit sensor detects jamming of the leading edge of the paper.

The registration motor is turned ON

Registration motor

Regulation time
Exit sensor turned ON
If the exit sensor is not turned ON after the
Exit sensor
regulation time,

Timer
Paper jam (E010) The copying operation is
stopped.

ON
ON

Regulation time
Paper jam (E010)

Fig. 3-1

The exit sensor detects jamming of the trailing edge of the paper.
Registration motor
The registration motor is turned OFF

Regulation time.
Exit sensor
The exit sensor turned OFF
If the exit sensor is not turned OFF after the
regulation time,

Timer
Paper jam (E020) The copying operation is
stopped.

OFF
ON

Regulation time
Paper jam (E020)
Fig. 3-2

The 2nd transfer side paper clinging detection sensor detects jamming of the paper.
The registration motor is turned ON
The transfer belt paper clinging detection sensor is turned ON

If the 2nd transfer side paper clinging detection sensor is not turned ON in a fixed period of time,

Paper jam (E011) The copying operation is stopped.

Immediately after the power is turned ON

Any of the sensors on the paper transport path detects paper (ON).

Paper jam (E030)

The registration sensor detects jamming of the leading edge of the paper:
The registration sensor is not turned ON within a fixed period of time after the leading edge of the
paper passed the transport roller.

BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

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3 - 10

Paper jam (E120, E200, E210, E300, E330 and E3C0)

During paper feeding from the ADU:
The registration sensor is not turned ON within a fixed period of time after the ADU motor is
turned ON.

Paper jam (E110)

During paper transporting from the ADU:

The duplexing unit path sensor do not detect the paper at the fixed timing.

Paper jam (E510 and E520)

During paper feeding from the equipment or the PFP:

The registration sensor is not turned ON within a fixed period of time after the feed clutch is turned
ON.

Paper jam (E220, E310, E320, E340 to E360, E3D0 and E3E0: The error code differs depending
on the paper source.)

[E] Waste toner box replacement

The waste toner box is full of used toner

Waste toner box full detection sensor ON

Dispose of used toner is displayed

The waste toner box full detection sensor is turned ON during printing

Printing is stopped after the paper being printed has exited

Solution: Replace the waste toner box with a new one and close the waste toner box cover.

[F] Call for service

Check the error code displayed on the control panel when Call for service appears, and deal with
the abnormality referring to the error code table.

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BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

3 - 11

BASIC MANUAL
GENERAL OPERATION

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3 - 12

4.

CONTROL PANEL

4.1

General Description

The control panel consists of button switches and touch-panel switches to operate the equipment and
select various modes, and LEDs and an LCD to display the state of the equipment or the messages.
When the operators attention is required, graphic symbols light or blink with messages explaining the
condition of the equipment in the LCD panel. When paper jams and Call for service occur, error codes
are also displayed to notify users of the problem.
Example

Fig. 4-1

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BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

4-1

4.2
4.2.1

Items Shown on the Display Panel

Display

1. Basic display
Displays buttons and messages.

Fig. 4-2

2. Paper jam / service call display

Displays error code, paper jam position and guidance for cleaning paper jams, etc.
Error code
Error message

Guidance for
clearing paper jams

Paper jam symbols

Fig. 4-3

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

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4-2

4.2.2

Message

Major messages displayed during operations are shown below. These messages may differ depending
on the features or options mounted.
No.
1
2
3

Message
Saving energy press START button
Wait Warming Up

Wait Warming Up
Auto Start
WAIT

Wait adding toner

Performing Auto
Calibration
READY

8
9

10
11
12
13

14
15
16

17

18
19

20

21

22

READY
Press START button to
copy
READY
(WARMING UP)
READY
(PRINTING)
READY
(ADDING TONER)
READY
(INNER TRAY FULL) or
(RECEIVING TRAY FULL)
READY
(CHECK STAPLER)
READY
(CHECK STAPLER)
READY
(CHECK SADDLE STITCH
STAPLER)
READY
(ADD PAPER)
Press JOB STATUS button
READY
(FINISHER FULL)
READY
(HOLE PUNCH DUST BIN
IS FULL)
READY
(SADDLE STITCH TRAY
FULL)
READY
(CHANGE DRAWER TO
CORRECT PAPER SIZE)
READY
(Performing Auto
Calibration)

State of equipment
Power is OFF (at Sleep Mode)
At Energy Saving Mode
Scanner warming up
Displayed until the equipment
becomes ready to start scanning
Scanner warming up
Displayed when Auto Start is set
Displayed when performing the
controlling function to keep the
equipment at the best condition
Supplying toner
Equipment becomes the toner
supply state
Displayed at image quality control
Ready for copying
Waiting for the operation
Copying job interrupted

Note
Press the [START] button or function
button to clear
Press the [START] button to clear
Auto Start can be set

4
Press the [STOP] button to clear the
Auto Start.

Recovers when the toner supply has

finished
Recovers when the image quality
control has finished

Press the [START] button to resume

copying or press [MEMORY CLEAR]
button to delete the job

Scanner warming up
Ready to scan the original
Printing out the data
Scanning is enabled
Supplying toner
Scanning is enabled
Inner tray in the equipment is full
Scanning is enabled

When the bridge unit is installed

Resumes printing by removing paper
from the tray

No staples in finisher
Scanning is enabled
Stapling jam occurred in finisher

Cleared by supplying staples

No staples in saddle stitcher

Scanning is enabled

Cleared by supplying staples

No paper in drawer
Scanning is enabled

Cleared by supplying papers

Finisher is full of paper

Scanning is enabled
Punching dust box is full
Scanning is enabled

Resumes printing by removing paper

from the finisher
Resumes printing by removing
punching dust from the dust box

Saddle stitcher tray is full of paper

Scanning is enabled
Incorrect paper size setting

Displayed during image quality

control adjustment
Scanning is enabled.

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BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

4-3

No.

Message

23
24
25

Ready for bypass feeding

COPYING
Auto Start

26

Close Large Capacity

Feeder
Close Large Capacity
Feeder Door
Place Doc. Feeder in the
down position
Place originals in the
document feeder

27
28
29

30

31

32
33
34

35

36

37
38
39
40

41

42

43

44

45

State of equipment
Paper is set on the bypass tray
At the copying state
Auto Start is set during printing

LCF drawer is not installed when

feeding from LCF is set
LCF cover is open when feeding from
LCF is set
RADF is open when original is placed
on RADF
Displayed when the conditions are
set and the [START] button is
pressed with no original placed
Change direction of original Displayed when the direction of
original placed is different from the
setting
Place last %d originals in
Paper jam occurred during copying
doc.
(RADF scanning)
feeder entrance tray
Cannot copy this original
Displayed when the original which is
not allowed to be copied is placed
Add paper
Displayed when the paper in
selected drawer is running out
Cannot duplex this size
Displayed when the paper size which
is not specified for duplex copying is
set
Cannot use this media type Displayed when the paper size which
is not specified for the functions such
as stapling or hole punching is set
Copy size: A4/LT only
Displayed when the paper size which
is not specified for Book-type duplex
copying or Dual-page is set
Copy size: A4/LT and A4Displayed when the paper size which
R/LT-R
is not specified for Rotate Sort
CHANGE DRAWER TO
Displayed when the selected paper
CORRECT PAPER SIZE
size is not in the drawer
Change drawer to correct
Displayed when the selected media
media type
type is not in the drawer
Select a paper size for
Displayed when paper size needs to
bypass feeding
be specified for bypass feeding such
as duplex copying
Place the blank sheets in
Displayed when no paper is in the
bypass tray and select the selected feeder at Cover Copying
paper size
Mode
Displayed when the direction of
Place the blank sheets in
cover page is different from that of
the same direction as the
other pages at Cover Copying Mode
originals
Place the same size blank Displayed when the paper size of
sheets as the originals
cover page is different from that of
other pages at Cover Copying Mode
Displayed when no insertion sheet is
Place insertion sheets in
the bypass tray and select in the selected drawer at Sheet
Insertion Mode
the paper size
Select the same size
Displayed when the size of insertion
insert1 sheets as the
sheet (sheet 1) is different from that
originals
of other pages at Sheet Insertion
Mode

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

Note

Cleared by pressing the [FUNCTION

CLEAR] button
Cleared by installing LCF drawer
Cleared by closing the cover
Cleared by closing RADF
Cleared by setting the original

Not printed out

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4-4

No.

Message

46

Select the same size

insert2 sheets as the
originals

47

Set insert1 sheets in the

same direction as the
originals

48

Set insert2 sheets in the

same direction as the
originals

49

50
51
52
53

54
55
56
57
58
59
60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

State of equipment

Note

Displayed when the size of insertion

sheet (sheet 2) is different from that
of other pages at Sheet Insertion
Mode
Displayed when the direction of
insertion sheet (sheet 1) is different
from that of other pages at Sheet
Insertion Mode

Displayed when the direction of

insertion sheet (sheet 2) is different
from that of other pages at Sheet
Insertion Mode
Set transparency film in A4/ Displayed when the selected paper
LT direction
size is other than A4/LT at OHP
mode
CHECK PAPER IN LARGE Papers in LCF are set incorrectly
CAPACITY FEEDER
CANNOT PUNCH THIS
Displayed when the selected paper
SIZE PAPER
size is not specified for hole punching
Remove paper from the
Displayed when the paper sizes are
finisher
mixed at Staple Sorting Mode
Cannot staple this size
Displayed when the paper size is not
specified for stapling at Staple
Sorting Mode
Remove paper from the
Finisher is full of papers
saddle stitch unit
Examine stapler
Trouble in the stapler unit in finisher
Check staple cartridge
No stapler in finisher section
Check staple cartridge in
No stapler in saddle stitch unit
the saddle stitch unit
Job interrupted job 1 saved Interrupt copying is accepted
Ready to resume job 1
Interrupt copying is cancelled
(finished)
Cannot use AMS mode
Displayed when reproduction ratio is
set to be over 200% at AMS Mode on
RADF
More than 200% is not
Displayed when reproduction ratio is
available
set manually to be over 200% on
RADF
Updated the template
Displayed when the template stored
setting
is recalled by pressing [TEMPLATE]
button
Enter Department Code
Displayed when a button is pressed
while the department management
setting is available
Cannot copy BLACK mode Displayed when the number of
Check DEPARTMENT
printouts exceeds the limit number of
COUNTER
department counter
Cannot copy FULL COLOR Displayed when the number of
mode
printouts exceeds the limit number of
Check DEPARTMENT
department counter
COUNTER
Cannot copy TWIN COLOR Displayed when the number of
mode
printouts exceeds the limit number of
Check DEPARTMENT
department counter
COUNTER
Displayed when the number of
Cannot copy
printouts exceeds the limit number of
Check DEPARTMENT
department counter
COUNTER

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Set the reproduction ratio 200% or

below manually
Set the reproduction ratio 200% or
below

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

4-5

No.
68

69

70

71

72

Message

State of equipment

Not enough memory to

store original(s)
Will you print out stored
originals?
Not enough memory to
store original(s)
Will you send stored
originals in?

Displayed for confirming with the

user whether to copy the data stored
in the memory in its full state

Displayed only in Copying Function

Displayed for confirming with the

user whether to send the FAX data
stored in the memory in its full state

Displayed only in FAX Function

Not enough memory to

store original(s)
Will you save stored
originals in?
The number of originals
exceeds the limits
Will you copy stored
originals?
The number of originals
exceeds the limits.
Will you send stored
originals?

Displayed for confirming with the

user whether to save the scanning
data stored in the memory in its full
state
Displayed for confirming with the
user whether to copy the data stored
in the memory when the number of
originals exceeds 1000 sheets
Displayed for confirming with the
user whether to send the FAX data
stored in the memory when the
number of originals exceeds 1000
sheets
Displayed for confirming with the
user whether to save the scanning
data stored in the memory when the
number of originals exceeds 1000
sheets

Displayed only in FAX Function

Displayed when black toner is

running out even if other toner still
remain. Copying not enabled
Black copying is available
Other button functions are available
Black copying is available
Other button functions are available
Black copying is available
Other button functions are available
Black copying is available
Other button functions are available
Black copying is available
Other button functions are available
Black copying is available
Other button functions are available
Black copying is available
Other button functions are available

73

The number of originals

exceeds the limits.
Will you save stored
originals?

74

Install new Black toner

cartridge

No black toner in the cartridge

75

Install new Yellow toner

cartridge
Install new Magenta toner
cartridge
Install new Cyan toner
cartridge
Install new Y and M toner
cartridge
Install new Y and C toner
cartridge
Install new M and C toner
cartridge
Install new color toner
cartridge
Time for periodic
maintenance ****

No yellow toner in the cartridge

76
77
78
79
80
81
82

83

84

Note

READY
(CHANGE DRAWER TO
CORRECT MEDIA TYPE)
PRESS [BASIC] and select
normal paper size

85

Misfeed in copier
Press [HELP]

86

Call for service

No magenta toner in the cartridge

No cyan toner in the cartridge
No yellow and magenta toner in the
cartridges
No yellow and cyan toner in the
cartridges
No magenta and cyan toner in the
cartridges
Three colors of toner are running out
in the cartridges
PM cycle
Displayed at the time for
maintenance
Copying is available
Displays when the printing is stopped
because of media type mismatch
Displays the warning that the copy is
not enabled when any drawer but
bypass feed is selected at Cover
Sheet Mode or Sheet Insertion
Mode.
Paper jam in the equipment
Displayed when paper jam occurred
in the equipment
Displayed when motor, sensor,
switch, etc. do not work properly

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

Displayed only in Copying Function

Displayed only in FAX Function

Displayed only in Scanning Function

Remove the paper in the equipment

according to the messages displayed
on the panel.
Turn OFF the power and solve the
problem, then turn ON the power.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

4-6

No.

Message

87

Please try again after

a while

88

Set standard size

89

Change from this mode

Count over, cannot store
anymore

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

TRU Box needs to be

replaced
(Please make a service
call)
Time for Developer (*)
Maintenance
(Please make a service
call)
BLACK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
YELLOW TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
MAGENTA TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
CYAN TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
YM TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
YC TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
YK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
MC TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.

100 MK TONER NOT

RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
101 CK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.

State of equipment
Displayed when the Department
Code can no be keyed in
immediately after power-ON.
Displayed when the paper size which
is not acceptable is set (depends on
the setting)
Displayed for confirming with the
user whether to copy the data stored
in the memory when the number of
originals exceeds 1000 sheets in
copying one set of originals using the
ADF in the non-sort or sort mode;
paper exits on the tray except finisher
tray 2 in the sort mode.
The TRU waste toner box is full

The color developer material

indicated by an asterisk deteriorates
and needs to be replaced.

Note
Leave it for a while and key in the
code again
Reset the paper size

Reduce the number of the originals

to be scanned so as to be less than
1000, and then try again

4
Replace it with a new TRU waste
toner box

Check the present number of the

performance index in the PM support
mode and replace the corresponding
color developer material.

Displayed when a rotation of the

black toner is detected abnormally
and also when the black toner
cartridge is locked
Displayed when a rotation of the
yellow toner is detected abnormally
and also when the yellow toner
cartridge is locked
Displayed when a rotation of the
magenta toner is detected
abnormally and also when the
magenta toner cartridge is locked
Displayed when a rotation of the
cyan toner is detected abnormally
and also when the cyan toner
cartridge is locked
Displayed when a rotation of the YM
toner is detected abnormally and
also when the YM toner cartridge is
locked
Displayed when a rotation of the YC
toner is detected abnormally and
also when the YC toner cartridge is
locked
Displayed when a rotation of the YK
toner is detected abnormally and
also when the YK toner cartridge is
locked
Displayed when a rotation of the MC
toner is detected abnormally and
also when the MC toner cartridge is
locked
Displayed when a rotation of the MK
toner is detected abnormally and
also when the MK toner cartridge is
locked
Displayed when a rotation of the CK
toner is detected abnormally and
also when the CK toner cartridge is
locked

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

4-7

No.

Message

State of equipment

102 YMC TONER NOT

RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
103 YMK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.

Displayed when a rotation of the

YMC toner is detected abnormally
and also when the YMC toner
cartridge is locked
Displayed when a rotation of the
YMK toner is detected abnormally
and also when the YMK toner
cartridge is locked

104 YCK TONER NOT

RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
105 MCK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
106 YMCK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
SHAKE THE CARTRIDGE,
INSTALL IT AGAIN.
107 BLACK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
108 YELLOW TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
109 MAGENTA TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
110 CYAN TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
111 YM TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
112 YC TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
113 YK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
114 MC TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
115 MK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
116 CK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
117 YMC TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
118 YMK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
119 YCK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
120 MCK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
121 YMCK TONER NOT
RECOGNIZED.
122 READY
(Check the staples in the
stapler.)

Displayed when a rotation of the YCK

toner is detected abnormally and
also when the YCK toner cartridge is
locked
Displayed when a rotation of the
MCK toner is detected abnormally
and also when the MCK toner
cartridge is locked
Displayed when a rotation of the
YMCK toner is detected abnormally
and also when the YMCK toner
cartridge is locked
Displayed when the black toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the yellow toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the magenta toner is
a non-genuine one
Displayed when the cyan toner is a
non-genuine one
TDisplayed when the YM toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the YC toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the YK toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the MC toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the MK toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the CK toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the YMC toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the YMK toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the YCK toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the MCK toner is a
non-genuine one
Displayed when the YMCK toner is a
non-genuine one

Note

Displayed when the stapler is not in

its normal state.
(A warning for preventing staple
jams)

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

4-8

4.3

Relation between the Equipment State and Operators

Operation

The relations between the statuses of the MFP and operations are shown below. The displayed
contents may differ depending on the features or the options mounted.

Operation

During READY status

During warming-up

Press [ENERGY
SAVER] button
Press
[INTERRUPT]
button
Press
[FUNCTION
CLEAR] button
after setting the
copy mode
Press
[STOP] button

Switches to energy
saving mode
Switches to interrupt
mode

Display not changed

Copy mode is cleared

after the copy mode is
set

Press [CLEAR]
button after
setting the copy
mode
Press [CLEAR]
button after
keying in
numbers (digital
keys)
Press [FAX]
button
Press [COPY]
button
Press [SCAN]
button
Press [USER
FUNCTIONS]
button
Press [START]
button with the
original set on
RADF

Auto job start

reserved

Scanning original/
Scanning original and
printing out the copy

Display not
changed
Display not
changed

Display not changed

Copy mode is cleared

after the copy mode is
set

Auto job start

cancelled

Display not changed

Display not changed

Display not changed

Auto job start

cancelled

Number of printouts
changes to 1 while the
setting remains
unchanged after the
copy mode is set
Number keyed in
changes to 1 after
being entered

Number of printouts
changes to 1 while the
setting remains
unchanged after the
copy mode is set
Number keyed in
changes to 1 after
being entered

Display not
changed

Scanning or printing
out stops, and READY
Press START to copy
and MEMORY
CLEAR are displayed
Display not changed

Display not
changed

Display not changed

Displays FAX screen

Display not changed

Display not changed

Display not changed

Display not changed

Displays SCAN screen

Display not changed

Displays USER
FUNCTIONS screen

Display not changed

Display not
changed
Display not
changed
Display not
changed
Display not
changed

Displays COPYING

Wait Warming Up Auto

Start is displayed

Display not changed

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

Display not
changed

Display not changed

(LED blinking)

Display not changed

Display not changed
Display not changed

Display not changed

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

4-9

Operation
Press [ENERGY
SAVER] button

Press
[INTERRUPT]
button
Press
[FUNCTION
CLEAR] button
after setting the
copy mode
Press
[STOP] button

Press [CLEAR]
button after
setting the copy
mode

Press [CLEAR]
button after
keying in
numbers (digital
keys)
Press [FAX]
button
Press [COPY]
button
Press [SCAN]
button
Press [USER
FUNCTIONS]
button
Press [START]
button with the
original set on
RADF

Printing out
the copy
Display not
changed

During paper
jam
Display not
changed

When
interrupting
Display not
changed

When displaying
HELP screen
Switches to energy
saving mode

Display not
changed (LED
blinking)
Copy mode is
cleared after the
copy mode is set

Display not
changed

Returns to the
status before
interrupting
Copy mode is
cleared after
the copy mode
is set

Switches to
interrupting mode
Displays BASIC
screen after the
copy mode is set
and then cancelled

Display not
changed

Printing out
stops, and
READY Press
START to copy
and MEMORY
CLEAR are
displayed
Number of
printouts
changes to 1
while the setting
remains
unchanged after
the copy mode is
set
Number keyed in
changes to 1
after being
entered

Display not
changed

Display not
changed

Display not
changed

Display not
changed

Display not
changed

Number of
printouts
changes to 1
while the
setting remains
unchanged
after the copy
mode is set

Number of
printouts changes
to 1 while the
setting remains
unchanged after
the copy mode is
set

Display not
changed

Display not
changed

Number keyed
in changes to 1
after being
entered

Number keyed in
changes to 1 after
being entered

Display not
changed

Displays FAX
screen
Display not
changed
Displays SCAN
screen
Displays USER
FUNCTIONS
screen
Displays
COPYING and
RADF starts
feeding

Display not
changed
Display not
changed
Display not
changed
Display not
changed

Display not
changed
Display not
changed
Display not
changed
Display not
changed

Displays FAX
screen
Displays COPY
screen
Displays SCAN
screen
Display not
changed

Display not
changed

Displays
COPYING
and RADF
starts feeding

Displays FAX
screen
Display not
changed
Displays SCAN
screen
Displays USER
FUNCTIONS
screen
Displays
COPYING and
RADF starts
feeding

Display not
changed

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

During energy
saving mode
Energy saving
mode is cleared
and displays
BASIC screen
Display not
changed

Energy saving
mode is cleared
and displays
BASIC screen

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

4 - 10

4.4

Self-diagonsis modes

The self-diagnostic mode enables you to check or adjust the status of the equipment. You can enter it
by pressing the following buttons.
Mode
Control panel
check mode
Test mode
Test print mode
Adjustment mode
Setting mode
Setting mode
List print mode

PM support mode
Firmware update
mode

Password reset
mode

For start
[0] + [1] +
[POWER]
[0] + [3] +
[POWER]
[0] + [4] +
[POWER]
[0] + [5] +
[POWER]
[0] + [8] +
[POWER]
[5] + [C] +
[POWER]
[9] + [START] +
[POWER]
[6] + [START] +
[POWER]
[4] + [9] +
[POWER]
[8] + [9] +
[POWER]
[4] + [8] + [9]
[POWER]

Contents
All LEDs on the control panel are lit, and all the LCD pixels blink.
Checks the status of input/output signals.
Outputs the test patterns.

Adjusts various items.

Sets various items.
Initializes HDD or database.
Prints out the data lists of the codes 05 and 08, PM support mode,
pixel counter, error history, firmware upgrade log and power ON/OFF
log, and also outputs them in a CSV format.
Clears each counter.
Performs firmware update with USB media
Performs firmware update with download jig.
Resets both the admin and the Service Tech passwords.

How to enter each mode

While simultaneously pressing the two digital keys assigned to each mode (e.g. [0] and [5]), use the
main power switch to turn the power ON.
When the authentication screen appears, press [OK]. (Enter the password, if one has been set.)
Notes: To exit from Adjustment mode and Setting modde
Shut down the equipment. When the power should be turned OFF, be sure to shut down the
equipment by pressing the [ON/OFF] button for a few seconds.
Buttons mounted may differ according to the model. Follow instructions for the model that you
use.
Remarks: Types of passwords
Admin password
This password enables settings and operations (including the change of a Service Tech
Password) permitted only for administrators.
Service Tech Password
This password enables settings and operations in self-diagnostic modes and service UI. (The
same password is used for both of the self-diagnostic modes and the service UI.)

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

4 - 11

4.5

Error Cord

When some kind of trouble occurs in the MFP, an error code is displayed on the LCD screen on the
control panel to figure out what it is.
It is classified as follows.
Errors beginning
with "E" (E-error):

E110, E120, etc.

Errors beginning
with "C" (C-error):

C470, C130, etc.

Errors beginning
with "F" (F-error):
Errors beginning
with a number:

F010, F200, etc.

1F10, 3E50, etc.

An error, which occurs if paper transport is checked by a

sensor and the process is not performed within a specified
time
This is mainly caused by a defective part related to paper
transport.
An error, which occurs if the set operation is not correctly
performed, such as a fixed temperature does not reach the
defined range within the set period
If an E-error occurs several times (mainly 3 times), it may
become a C-error.
A system-related error, which occurs if an update of
firmware or accessing to a memory fails
A network-related error.

Errors should be basically cleared following the procedure below.

1. Check which error code is displayed on the LCD screen.
2. Perform troubleshooting for the error code described in Service Manual or Service Handbook for
the corresponding model.
3. When an error code for paper jamming is displayed, this error can be cleared by removing the
paper jammed in the equipment.
4. Some errors can be cleared by turning the power OFF and then back ON, or opening and closing
the front cover.
5. If an error code indicating a toner cartridge is not detected is displayed, open and close the front
cover. If the equipment detects that a toner cartridge is installed, the error is cleared.

BASIC MANUAL
CONTROL PANEL

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

4 - 12

5.
5.1

SCANNER
General Description

In the scanning section, the surface of the original is irradiated with a direct light and the reflected light
is led through mirrors, a lens and a slit to CCD. A lens and a slit to CCD where optical-to-electrical
conversion is performed, converting the optical image data into an electrical (analog) signal. This
analog signal is changed to a digital signal, which then undertakes various corrective processes
necessary for image formation. After that, arithmetic operation is performed on the digital signal, which
is then transmitted to the data writing section.

[1]

[2]

[3] [4]

[5]

[8]

[6]

[8]

[8]

[7]

[9]

[10]

[11]

Fig.5-1

[1] RADF original glass

[2] Carriage-2
[3] Exposure lamp
[4] Reflector
[5] Carriage-1
[6] Original glass
[7] Drive pulley
[8] Automatic original detection sensor
[9] Lens
[10] CCD board
[11] SLG board

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BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

5-1

5.2

Construction

Scanner
Original glass
Carriage-1

Carriage-2
Lens unit
CCD driving PC board
Automatic original
detection sensor
Driving section

Other

Original glass
RADF original glass
Exposure lamp
Inverter board
Reflector
Mirror-1
Mirror-2
Mirror-3

Scan motor
Wire drive
Driving the carriage-1 and carriage-2
Scanning section control PC board
Carriage home position sensor
Platen sensor)
Rubber damper
SLG board cooling fan
Exposure lamp cooling fan
Scanner unit cooling fan

BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

5-2

5.3

Functions

The following shows the construction and purpose of the scanning system:
1. Original glass
This is a glass for placing original. The light from the exposure lamp is irradiated to the original
through this glass.
The ADF original glass is used when original is read with the Automatic Document Feeder. Original
is transported on the ADF original glass by the Automatic Document Feeder, and the transported
original is read under the ADF original glass by the carriage. Do not use such solvents as alcohol
when cleaning the surface of the ADF original glass, because it is coated so as not to be scratched
by originals.
2. Carriage-1
Carriage-1 consists of the exposure lamp, Inverter board, reflector, mirror, etc. It is driven by the
scan motor and scans an original on the glass.
Reflector
Lamp inverter

Exposure lamp

Mirror-1

Fig.5-2

Exposure lamp
This lamp is the light source to irradiate the original on the glass.

Inverter board
Controls lighting of the exposure lamp.

Reflector
This is a plate to efficiently direct the light from the exposure lamp to the surface of the original on
the glass.

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BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

5-3

Mirror-1
This mirror directs the light reflected from the original to the mirror-2 described later.
Original glass

Original

Exposure lamp

Lamp inverter

Reflector
Mirror-1

Fig.5-3

3. Carriage-2
Carriage-2 mainly consists of the mirror-2, mirror-3, etc. and directs the reflected light from the
mirror-1 through the mirrors-2 and -3 to the lens.
This carriage is driven by the same scan motor as that for the carriage-1 at half the scanning speed
of the carriage-1 (The scanning distance is also half that of the carriage-1).

Mirror-2

Mirror-3

Fig.5-4

4. Lens unit
The light reflected from the mirror-3 is led to the CCD placed at the focal point of the lens which is
fixed in a position.

BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

5-4

5. CCD driving PC board

Processes such as signal amplification, signal integration and A/D conversion are applied on the
electrical signal which was converted by CCD.
Lens unit

CCD driving PC board

Fig.5-5

6. CCD
Models with a color scanner use either a 3-line CCD consisting of 3 color devices (red, green and
blue) or a 4-line CCD consisting of 3 color devices (red, green and blue) plus 1 black device.
In a 3-line CCD, color devices covered with corresponding color filters (red, green and blue) are
arranged in 3 lines. Meanwhile, a 4-line CCD consists of 3-line color devices covered with
corresponding color filters (red, green and blue) plus 1 black device with no filter are arranged in 4
lines. These color filters perform color separation.
7. Scanning section control PC board
This is a board to perform the image correction, such as the shading correction and 3-line
correction, and control the scan motor and exposure lamp.
8. Automatic original detection sensor
The size of an original placed on the glass is instantly detected using the automatic original
detection sensors fixed on the base frame without moving the carriage-1.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

5-5

5.4

Description of Operation

5.4.1

Scanning operation
Wire pulley
Carriage-1

Scan motor

Motor speed-reduction pulley

Carriage-2

Motor pulley

Idler pulley
Fig.5-6

Scanning of an original placed on the original glass

This motor drives the carriages-1 and -2 through the timing belt and carriage wire. First, the scan
motor drives the carriages-1 and -2 to their respective home positions. The home positions are
detected when the carriage-1 passes the home position sensor. When the [START] button is
pressed, the both carriages start to move and scan the original on the glass.

Scanning of an original placed on the RADF

The carriage-1 stays at the shading position during shading correction, and at the scanning
position during scanning operation.

BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

5-6

5.5
5.5.1

Electric Circuit Description

Exposure Lamp Control Circuit

[ 1 ] General description
Control circuit for the exposure lamp consists of the following two blocks:
1. Lighting device for the exposure lamp (Inverter board)
Turns ON/OFF the exposure lamp.
2. CCD board
This circuit converts the reflected light amount from the original surface and the shading correction
plate to electrical signals. The exposure amount is controlled in two ways:
- White reference formation - reads the reflected light amount from the white shading correction
plate
- Black reference formation - reads the light amount at the regulation position with the exposure
lamp lights OFF
Original

Shading correction plate

Exposure lamp (Xenon lamp)

Lighting device for

exposure lamp
(Inverter board)
CCD sensor
SLG board

A/D

Scanner
CPU

CCD board
Fig.5-7

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BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

5-7

5.5.2

General Description of CCD Control

[ 1 ] Shading correction
Signal voltages read by the CCD have the following characteristics:
1. Light source has a variation in its light distribution.
2. Since the light beam reflected from the original is converged using a lens, the light path is the
shortest at the center of the CCD and the longest at ends. This causes difference in the amount of
light reaching the CCD (i.e. the light amount is maximum at the CCD center, gradually decreases
toward ends).
3. Each of the multiple elements varies in its opto-electronic conversion efficiency.

BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

5-8

5.5.3

Automatic Original Size Detection Circuit

This circuit detects the size of original (standard sizes only) using the reflection type photosensors
arranged on the base frame of the scanner unit.
[A4 Series]

A5

B5

A4

APS-R

APS-3

A5R

B5R
A4R

APS-C

B4

APS-2
APS-1

A3
Fig.5-8

[LT Series]

ST

LT

APS-R

APS-3

STR

APS-C

LTR

LG

APS-2

LD
Fig.5-9

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BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

5-9

BASIC MANUAL
SCANNER

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

5 - 10

6.

IMAGE PROCESSING

6.1

General Description

The following diagram shows the process from the input data to writing data on the photoconductive
drum surface.
Copier Original

Original glass
Lens
Scanning
section
Image processing
section

Printer

Personal
computer

Laser control
section

Writing control
section

Semiconductive
laser element

Network

Temporary
storage section

Drum-Y
Drum-M
Drum-C

Drum-K

Color MFP
Fig.6-1

Notes:
Only the drum-K is installed in the black MFP.
Image of an original placed on the original glass is scanned by the optical system. The CCD (Charge
Coupled Device) reads the optical image signals and converts them into the electrical signals. The
electrical signals are amplified and undergo analog-to-digital conversion, then are changed into digital
signals. Shading correction (correction of variance in CCD elements and the light source) is performed
and the digital signal is output as an image signal from the scanning control section.
The image processing section inputs the image signal from the scanning control section and applies
various image processing on the signal, then transmits the output result to the writing control section.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
IMAGE PROCESSING

6-1

BASIC MANUAL
IMAGE PROCESSING

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6-2

7.

LASER OPTICAL UNIT

7.1

General Description

The laser optical unit radiates the laser beam onto the photoconductive drum responding to the digital
image signals transmitted from the scanner, USB, network, etc. to create the latent image. Image signal
is converted into the light emission signal of the laser diode on the laser driving PC board (LDR), then
radiated on the drum through the optical elements such as cylinder lenses, polygonal mirror and f lens.
The unit must not be disassembled in the field as they are very sensitive to dust and finely adjusted at
the factory.

[5]

[4]
[3]
[2]
[1]
Fig. 7-1

[1] Slit glass-Y

[2] Slit glass-M
[3] Slit glass-C
[4] Slit glass-K
[5] Polygonal motor

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BASIC MANUAL
LASER OPTICAL UNIT

7-1

7.2

Structure

Laser optical unit

Laser emission unit

Polygonal motor unit

Laser diode)
Fine focus lens
Aperture
Cylinder lens
Laser driving PC board)
Polygonal motor
Polygonal mirror
Polygonal motot cover / base

f lens-1
f lens-2
Mirror
Slit glass
H-sync signal detection PC board

1. Laser emission Unit

This unit consists of the laser diode, finite focus lens, aperture and cylinder lens.
- Laser diode
This laser diode features low droop, small laser variation and low threshold current.
The aperture limits the primary and secondary scanning laser beam shapes at the laser
irradiation position.
Laser diode radiates the laser beams responding to the laser emission control (ON/OFF) signals
from the laser driving PC board (LDR). Laser beams which passed through the finite focus lens
are focused on the drum surface.
The following figure shows the laser beam being emitted from the apertures of the laser diode.
A single-beam array laser diode is mainly used for the laser emission unit; however, some
models adopt a four-beam array type laser diode for faster radiation.
Four-beam array type: Four laser beams are emitted from one color laser diode.
[3]

[3]

[4]

[4]

[1]

[2]

Fig. 7-2

[1] Laser diode(1-beam)

[2] Laser diode(4-beam)
[3] Polygonal motor
[4] Drum

BASIC MANUAL
LASER OPTICAL UNIT

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7-2

2. Polygonal motor unit

This unit consists of the polygonal motor, polygonal mirror and polygonal mirror cover.
a. Polygonal motor
This motor rotates the polygonal mirror in high
speed. The DC motor controls the rotation
speed of the mirror motor:
b. Polygonal mirror
This mirror reflects the emitted laser beams
(four beams per color).
As the polygonal mirror is rotated by the
polygonal motor, the reflected laser lights
moves in sync with the rotation. The direction
of the movement is the primary scanning
direction of the image. One scan is performed
on one plane of the polygonal mirror.
As the polygonal motor has eight planes, eight
scans are performed in one rotation.
c. Polygonal mirror cover / base
Polygonal mirror cover reduces the windage
loss and noise, prevents adhesion of foreign
matters onto the mirror surface and releases
heat.

(A)

YMCK

Laser beam

Y
M
C
K

Drum
YMCK

(B)

Laser beam

Y
M
C
K

Drum
YMCK

(C)

Laser beam

Y
M
C
K

Drum

Fig. 7-3

The above images show the laser beams

reflecting off the polygonal mirrors.
One scan is completed by one completion of
steps (A) to (C).
One scan is performed on one plane of the
polygonal mirror.
Eight scans can be performed in one rotation.

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BASIC MANUAL
LASER OPTICAL UNIT

7-3

3. f lenses-1 and -2
These two lenses perform the following adjustment on the laser beams reflected by the polygonal
mirror.
a. Uniform-velocity scanning
Since the polygonal mirror is rotating at a
uniform velocity, the laser beam reflected from
the mirror scans over the drum surface at a
uniform angular velocity; namely, the pitch
between the dots on the drum is wider at both
ends than at the center of the scanning range.
The f lenses help to correct this difference,
making all the dot-to-dot pitches equal on the
drum surface.

Wider

Narrower

Drum

f Lens-1
f Lens-2
Same intervals
Fig. 7-4

b. Face tilt correction

The reflecting face of the polygonal mirror is
tilted slightly to one side against the perfect
vertical. Horizontal deviation of the laser light
which is caused by the tilt is corrected.
c. Sectional shape of laser beam
The shape of the laser beam spotted on the
drum is adjusted.

Mirror plane is tilted.

Deviation

Fig. 7-5

4. H-Sync signal detection PC board

The laser light which is started to be scanned from one of the reflected plane of the polygonal mirror
is reflected by the H-Sync detection mirror and enters the PIN diode on the H-Sync signal detection
PC board. The primary scanning synchronizing signal is generated based on this reflection.

BASIC MANUAL
LASER OPTICAL UNIT

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7-4

5. Slit glass
The slit glass is located where the laser beams are output from the laser optical unit, and it protects
the unit from dust.
Also, the shutter is attached to the upper side of the slit glass in order to prevent toner or dust from
adhering to the slit glass, and it is normally closed. It is closed/opened by the shutter motor. It is
opened just before the laser beams are emitted and it closes just after the emission is finished.
If toner or dust adheres to the slit glass, images are affected. Clean the slit glass with a brush
attached to the shutter.
6. Reflecting mirrors
These reflecting mirrors reflect and lead the laser beams scanned by the polygonal mirror and
corrected by the f lenses to the drum. The laser beams of Y, M, C and K colors are directed to the
drum by respectively different routes using one mirror for Y color beam and three each for M, C and
K color beams.
7. Mirror motor
At each of the third reflecting mirrors for M, C and K color laser beams, a mirror motor is installed to
make tilt adjustment for the mirror. The parallel correction for the four scanning lines is performed by
adjusting the tilt of mirrors in the following manner:
a. A test pattern is written on the transfer belt. This is read by the Image position aligning sensors to
recognize the error in scanning lines.
b. With the Y color scanning line as a standard, a mirror motor installed at each of the M, C and K
color beam mirrors is driven to adjust the degree of laser beam parallelization by inclining the mirror.

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BASIC MANUAL
LASER OPTICAL UNIT

7-5

7.3

LED print head

1. LED print head

This uses an LED as its light source for radiating direct light onto the photoconductive drum.

[3]
[3]
[2]

[5]

[1]

[4]
[1]

Fig. 7-6

[1] LED print head

[2] LED gap spacer (front/rear)
[3] Drum
[4] LED
[5] Lens
2. Difference between the laser unit and the LED head
To form images, the laser unit diffuses light from its light source using lenses, reflects the light onto
the reflecting mirrors and exposes the photoconductive drum to the reflected light. On the other
hand, the LED print head emits light from its LEDs arranged in a line directly onto the
photoconductive drum.
Therefore the LED print head has advantages such as more space-saving, requiring fewer parts,
easier adjustment, longer life, less noise and a shorter light path, compared with the laser unit.
However, the LED print head has some points for which special care must be taken in image
processing, such as an uneven light output or the necessity of strict control of the distance between
the LED print head and the photoconductive drum.

BASIC MANUAL
LASER OPTICAL UNIT

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7-6

8.
8.1

PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

General Descriptions

This chapter explains how the system works to pick up paper from the drawer or bypass tray and
transport it to the 2nd transfer position.
The paper feeding system mainly consists of the pickup roller, feed roller, separation roller, transport
roller, registration roller, bypass paper sensor, drawer empty sensor, bypass feed sensor, drawer feed
sensor, registration sensor and drive system for these components. The above rollers are driven by the
transport motor, feed motor, feed/transport motor and registration motor, etc.

8
9
10

7
1

12
3
5
4

8
6

5
4

11

13
6

Fig.8-1

No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

Name
Bypass feed roller
Bypass separation roller
Bypass pickup roller
Drawer feed roller
Drawer separation roller
Drawer pickup roller
Drawer transport roller
Registration roller (rubber roller)
Registration roller (metal roller)
Registration sensor
Bypass paper size detection sensor
Bypass paper sensor
Bypass feed sensor
Bypass separation pad

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BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

8-1

<Tandem LCF model>

The composition of the 1st and the 2nd drawers of the Tandem LCF model is the same as that of the 4drawer model.
The 3rd and the 4th drawers are not installed but instead the Tandem LCF is installed.

T11

T15
T16

T13

T19
T20

T6
T7

T10
T1

T4
T8
T9

T3
T2 T5

T17

T14

T22 T18

T21

T12

Fig.8-2

No.
T1
T2
T3
T4

Name
Tandem LCF feed roller
Tandem LCF separation roller
Tandem LCF pickup roller
Tandem LCF transport roller

No.
T12
T13
T14
T15

T5

Tandem LCF detection sensor

T16

T6
T7
T8
T9
T10
T11

Tandem LCF empty sensor

Tandem LCF tray-up sensor
Tandem LCF transport sensor
Tandem LCF feed sensor
Tandem LCF solenoid
Standby side tray paper amount detection
sensor

T17
T18
T19
T20
T21
T22

BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

Name
Tandem LCF bottom sensor
Standby side tray detection sensor
Standby side empty sensor
Stopper opening/closing detection sensor
(front)
Stopper opening/closing detection sensor
(rear)
End fence home position sensor
End fence stop position sensor
Stopper opening/closing solenoid (front)
Stopper opening/closing solenoid (rear)
Tandem LCF tray-up motor
Tandem LCF end fence motor

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8-2

8.2

Composition

Feeding system
1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th drawer feeding unit
Drawer pickup roller
Drawer feed roller
Drawer separation roller
Drawer transfer roller
Drawer feed sensor
Drawer transport sensor
Drawer tray-up sensor
Drawer empty sensor
Drawer detection sensor
Bypass feeding unit
Bypass pickup roller
Bypass feed roller
Bypass separation roller
Bypass separation pad
Bypass paper roller
Bypass feed sensor
Bypass transport sensor
Bypass pickup solenoid
Bypass motor
Drive section, other
Drawer transport clutch
Drawer feed clutch
Transport motor
Feed motor
Feed/transport motor
Registration motor
Registration roller
Registration sensor
Transfer belt paper clinging detection sensor
Tray-up motor
Tandem LCF
Tandem LCF pickup roller
Tandem LCF feed roller
Tandem LCF separation roller
Tandem LCF transport roller
Tandem LCF feed sensor
Tandem LCF transport sensor
Tandem LCF pickup solenoid
Tandem LCF end fence motor
Tandem LCF tray-up motor

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BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

8-3

8.3

Functions

1. Pickup roller (drawers, bypass tray and Tandem LCF)

This roller draws out paper from the bypass tray, a drawer or the Tandem LCF and transports it to
the feed roller.
The bypass pickup roller moves up and down to feed paper from the bypass tray.
2. Feed roller (Drawers and bypass feed)
This roller is placed against the separation roller. It transports the paper from the pickup roller to the
transport roller.
3. Separation roller (Drawers and bypass feed)
This roller is placed against the feed roller. When two sheets of paper or more are transported from
the pickup roller, the load of the torque limiter of the separation roller is heavier than the frictional
force between the sheets. As the result, the separation roller is stopped and the lower paper is not
advanced any further. When only one sheet is transported from the pickup roller, the separation
roller rotates following the feed roller.
4. Transport roller (Drawers and bypass feed)
This roller transports the paper sent from the feed roller to the registration roller.
5. Registration roller
Paper transported from the transport roller is pushed against the registration roller which aligns the
leading edge of the paper.
Then, the registration rollers rotate to transport the paper to the transfer unit.
6. Bypass paper sensor
This sensor detects if paper is set in the bypass tray. If it is, bypass feeding always comes before
drawer feeding.
7. Empty sensor
This is a transmissive-type sensor and detects the availability of paper in the drawer by using an
actuator. When there is no paper in the drawer, the actuator blocks the light path of the sensor, and
the sensor determines that there is no paper.
8. Feed sensor
This sensor detects if the leading edge or trailing edge of the paper has passed the feed roller. It
also detects jamming such as misfeeding.
9. Transport sensor
This is a reflective sensor whose purpose is to directly detect if paper is set or not, without using any
device such as a sensor arm. Transport sensor detects if the leading edge or trailing edge of paper
passed the transport roller. They also detects jams like misfeeding.
10.Registration sensor
This sensor detects that the leading edge of the paper has reached the registration roller and the
trailing edge of the paper has passed the registration roller.
11. Drawer tray-up sensor
This sensor stops the tray at the predetermined height when the tray is moved up. When the tray-up
sensor is turned ON, the tray-up motor is turned OFF to stop the upward movement of the tray.
12.Drawer detection sensor
This sensor detects if the drawer is fully inserted.
13.Feed clutch (3rd drawer / 4th drawer

BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

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8-4

This is a clutch used to transmit the drive from the feed/transport motor to the drawer pickup roller
and drawer feed roller.
14.Drawer transport clutch (3rd drawer / 4th drawer)
This is a clutch used to transmit the drive from the feed/transport motor to the transport roller.
When the clutch is turned ON, the transport roller rotates at high speed to transport paper.
15.Feed/transport motor
This motor drives the pickup rollers, feed rollers and transport rollers of the drawers and bypass tray.
16.Registration motor
This motor drives the registration roller. This stepping motor transports paper in the transfer direction
in time with the image transfer to align the paper with the leading edge of the image.
17.Tray-up motor-1/-2
When this motor rotates normally, the tray in the 1st drawer moves up, and when the motor rotates
reversely, the tray in the 2nd drawer moves up.
18.Bypass motor
This stepping motor drives the bypass pickup roller, feed roller and transport roller.
19.Bypass pickup solenoid
This is a solenoid to move down the bypass pickup roller.

20.Bypass paper size detection sensor

This sensor works directly with the sidewalls of the bypass tray to detect the paper width on the tray.
21.Media sensor
This sensor is installed only in some models.
The media sensor detects the thickness of paper that is fed only from feeding devices other than the
bypass tray. The sensor has 2 functions as follows:
(1) The sensor classifies plain paper (16.8 to 27.6 lb.) into plain paper 1 (relatively thin plain paper)
and plain paper 2 (relatively thick plain paper) and controls fusing temperature accordingly.
(2) The sensor judges if a users media type setting is correct according to the thickness
measurement result by itself. When the sensor judges that the setting is not correct, printing
automatically stops. (Error code: E071-E076 (Media type mis-setting jam))
Even though media types are classified with its paper weight in general, the thickness of paper is not
always proportional to the paper weight. Therefore the sensor makes the equipment stop printing
only when a users media type setting is obviously incorrect.
Whether enabling or disabling the function (2) above can be switched in the code 08-4598.
In case the media sensor fails, no error code is displayed. In this case, as for the function (1) above,
paper set in the code 08-4599 is automatically selected, and the function (2) above is automatically
disabled. Therefore the malfunction of the media sensor does not affect the equipments operation
and thus printing is not disturbed.
The media sensor malfunction is detected with the output value of the sensor. If an abnormal value
is output, the sensor is judged as in a faulty condition. This status is recorded in an error history.
(Error code: CFA0 or CFA1 (Media sensor detection abnormality))
Even if the error CFA0 or CFA1 occurred, the media sensor outputs values again after the
equipment was recovered from the sleep mode or its power was turned OFF and then back ON. If
the output value is normal, the sensor then returns to its normal detection status.
Do not bring a magnet or other magnetized materials closer to the media sensor because it
measures minute displacement amounts with magnetoresistance change.

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BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

8-5

8.4
8.4.1

Description of Operation
Drive of rollers

The drive of each motor in the paper feeding area activates the paper transfer roller through the gears,
pulleys and clutches.

8.4.2

Operation of bypass pickup roller

When the bypass pickup solenoid is turned ON, the plunger is pulled, and then the lever is rotated. The
pickup arm is then brought down with its own weight. When the bypass pickup solenoid is turned OFF,
the pickup arm is brought up by the spring force.
The driving force transmitted through the bypass motor is transmitted to the bypass feed roller through
the shaft and then to the bypass pickup roller through the timing belt. The roller is rotated by this driving
force.
Bypass pickup solenoid
Bypass paper size detection sensor
Bypass paper sensor
Bypass feed roller
Bypass pickup roller
Pickup arm
Bypass separation roller

Bypass transport roller

Bypass motor

Bypass feed sensor

Fig.8-3

BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

8-6

8.4.3

Operation of drawer pickup roller

When the drawer is inserted, the protrusion at the rear side of the drawer pushes the lever to the
direction of A. Then the pickup roller and roller holder are lowered by the spring force.

Pickup roller

Lever

Insertion direction

Fig.8-4

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BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

8-7

8.4.4

Separation of paper

The sheets of paper in the drawers are separated by the separation roller so that they can be picked up
one by one. The separation roller unit consists of the feed roller, separation roller, spring joint, etc., as
shown below.
The feed roller is rotated by the feed clutch in the direction of the white arrow at the same timing as the
pickup roller rotation.
The Fig.8-9 shows how duplicate feeding is prevented: Since the friction between two sheets is small,
the lower sheet is not transported any further while the upper sheet is transported by the feed roller in
the direction of the black arrow.
Bypass feed unit

Drawer feeding unit

Feed roller

Feed roller

Spring joint
Torque limiter
Separation roller

Separation roller
Fig.8-5

[Example]
When only one sheet enters between the rollers: Since the transporting force of the feed roller is
greater than the braking force of the separation roller, the separation roller follows the feed roller,
making the sheet go forward to the registration roller.
When two sheets enter between the rollers at the same time:
Since the transporting force of the feed roller and the breaking force of the separation roller are greater
than the frictional force between two sheets, the paper A is transported to the direction of the black
arrow and the paper B is braked by the separation roller and is not transported any further.
Feed roller

Separation roller
Fig.8-6

BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

8-8

8.4.5

General operation

[A] From power-ON to ready status

1. When the equipment is turned ON, the tray-up motor-1 is activated and the 1st drawer tray starts to
rise. When the tray-up sensor is turned ON (LH), the tray-up motor-1 is turned OFF, and the tray is
stopped. At this time, if the empty sensor is OFF (L), it is judged that there is no paper in the drawer.
If the empty sensor is ON (H), there is paper in the drawer. The tray stops at raised position
regardless of availability of paper. The tray-up motor-1 then starts to rotate in reverse and the 2nd
drawer is raised. The 2nd drawer tray is stopped in the same manner as the 1st drawer tray was.
Then whether paper exists in the drawer or not is detected. (The detection is performed in the same
manner in the 3rd drawer, 4th drawer and Tandem LCF.)
2. If the drawer is not completely inserted when the equipment is turned ON, the tray for that drawer is
not raised. When the drawer is inserted completely, the tray is raised and checks the availability of
the paper.
3. If either of the sensors on the transport path is ON (means there is paper on the transport path)
when the equipment is turned ON, it is determined that a paper jam has occurred and no operation
is enabled until the paper is removed.
[B] Ready status
1. After the tray is moved up and availability of paper is checked as described above, the equipment
enters the ready status.
At ready status, the tray remains at raised position.
2. When a drawer is inserted or removed at ready status, the tray is raised again to check the
availability of paper.
[C] Bypass feeding
The bypass paper sensor detects availability of paper.
The bypass pickup solenoid is turned ON and the bypass pickup roller is lowered.
The bypass motor is turned ON and then the bypass pickup roller, bypass feed roller and bypass
transport roller are rotated and start feeding.
The leading edge of paper turns ON the bypass feed sensor and bypass pickup solenoid is turned
OFF. Then the bypass pickup roller is raised.
The leading edge of paper turns ON the registration sensor and the paper is aligned by the
registration roller.
The bypass motor is turned OFF, and then the bypass pickup roller, bypass feed roller and bypass
transport roller are stopped.
The registration motor is turned ON and the paper is transported to the 2nd transfer position.

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BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

8-9

[D] Drawer feeding

The feed motor and transfer motor are turned ON, and the pickup roller, feed roller and transport
roller are rotated to start feeding paper.
Passing of the leading edge of the paper turns ON the drawer feed sensor, then the transport sensor
is turned ON.
Passing of the leading edge of the paper turns ON the registration sensor and the paper is aligned
by the registration roller.
The transport motor is turned OFF and the transport roller is stopped.
The registration motor and transport motor are turned ON and the paper is transported to the
transfer position.

BASIC MANUAL
PAPER FEEDING SYSTEM

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

8 - 10

9.
9.1

PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

General description

The color MFP has 4 process units (EPU: Electrographic Processing Unit). Each process unit consists
of the drum cleaner unit and developer unit which are unified, and it corresponds to the image forming
process of Y, M, C and K colors. This chapter describes the development (developer unit) which is a
process of making toner adhere to the drum.
The developer material which is comprised of a mixture of toner and carrier, and is filled in the
developer unit of each color. The toner is charged to a negative polarity and the carrier to a positive
polarity, due to the friction with each other caused by mixing in the developer unit. The charged toner is
supplied to the photoconductive drum surface by means of a magnetic roller, allowing it to adhere to the
areas on the drum surface where the potential is lower than the developer bias which is applied to the
magnetic roller. Through this process, the latent images are formed on the photoconductive drum
surface.
Process unit (Color MFP)
[1]

[5]

[2]

[3]

[6]

[7]

[4]

[8]

[10]

[9]

Fig. 9-1

[1] Toner cartridge(Y)

[2] Toner cartridge(M)
[3] Toner cartridge(C)
[4] Toner cartridge(K)
[5] Process unit(Y)
[6] Process unit(M)
[7] Process unit(C)
[8] Process unit(K)
[9] Temperature/Humidity sensor
[10] Waste toner box

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BASIC MANUAL
PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

9-1

Process unit (Detail)

Drum surface potential sensor

Shutter
Drum thermistor

Drum cleaner unit

Drum cleaning blade

Developer sleeve

Drum
Main charger grid
Discharge LED

Needle electrode
cleaner

Developer unit

Mixer
Auto toner sensor

Needle electrode
Main charger unit
Doctor blade
Fig. 9-2

BASIC MANUAL
PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

9-2

9.2

Composition

Process unit (Y, M, C, K)

Drive section, other

Drum cleaner unit

Drum
Cleaning blade
Recovery blade
Blade side seal
Toner recovery auger
Main charger unit
Main charger grid
Needle electrode
Needle electrode cleaner
Discharge LED
V0 sensor unit
Drum surface potential (V0) sensor
V0 sensor shutter solenoid
Drum thermistor-Y, -K
Needle electrode cleaner motor
Needle electrode cleaner detection sensor
Main charger ozone exhaust fan
Auger lock detection sensor
Developer unit
Developer material
Auto-toner sensor
Developer sleeve (Magnetic roller)
Doctor blade
Mixer
Temperature/Humidity sensor
Ozone filter
Ozone suctioning fan
High-voltage transformer
Developer unit motor-K/-YMC
Developer unit mixer motor-K/-YMC
Drum motor-K/-YMC
Toner filter
Scattered toner suctioning fan
EPU cooling fan

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BASIC MANUAL
PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

9-3

9.3

Functions

1. Drum
Drum is made of a cylindrical aluminum base coated with a thin film of organic photosensitive
(photoconductive) substance. Photoconductive object becomes insulative (high electrical
resistance) when it is not exposed to lights and becomes conductive (low electrical resistance) when
it is exposed to lights. This object is called photoconductor.
2. Drum cleaner unit
- Cleaning blade
This blade is pressed against the drum surface with a constant force by pressure springs, and
scrapes off the residual toner on the drum surface.
- Recovery blade
This blade prevents the toner which was scraped off by the cleaning blade from being scattered
to the outside.
- Toner recovery auger
This auger carries the residual toner scraped off to the waste toner box.
3. Main charger
The main charger consists of insulated terminals having a U-shaped section and a needle electrode
attached between them When a high voltage is applied to the needle electrode, the air around it is
charged (ionized). The ionized air then flows into the drum causing it to be charged. This
phenomenon is called corona discharge. At the same time, a control bias is applied to the main
charger grid to control the charging amount. In a dark place, negative charge is evenly applied onto
the drum surface by the corona discharge and this grid. In addition, a cleaner is installed to clean up
the blot attached on the needle electrode.
- Difference between the needle electrode and the charger wire
The needle electrode has aligned needles and their points perform the corona discharge.
These points (electrodes) discharge toward the drum in one direction to realize the more
efficient discharging comparing to the charger wire which discharges in a radial direction.
Therefore, the needle electrode enables to reduce the ozone amount.
4. Drum thermistor
Since the photoconductive characteristic of the drum surface changes depending on the
temperature of the drum surface, the drum thermistor detects the temperature of the drum surface
and controls to gain the charging potential according to the environment.
5. Discharge LED
Discharge is a process to decrease or eliminate the static electricity on the drum surface.
The electrical resistance of the photosensitive layer is decreased by the light, and the residual
charge on the drum surface is neutralized and eliminated (cleaned). Electrical potential of the drum
surface is fixed to a certain amount before the drum is charged.
6. Temperature/humidity sensor
This sensor measures the environment inside the equipment. The values of the temperature and
humidity detected inside the equipment are output to the LGC board.
7. Ozone filter
Ozone produced by corona discharge of the main charger is exhausted through this filter.
The catalyzer of the ozone filter degrades the ozone.
8. Ozone suctioning fan
This fan sucks in air contains ozone generated by the main charger and exhausts it through the
ozone filter-1.
9. High-voltage transformer

BASIC MANUAL
PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

9-4

A circuit generates the output control voltage Vc of the main charger bias, main charger grid bias,
1st transfer roller bias, 2nd transfer roller bias, and developer bias.
10.Drum motor-K
This motor drives the K drum.
The drive of the motor is transmitted with the gear from the drum motor to the K drum.
To align the phases of the K drum and color drums and enhance the color registration accuracy, the
signal change of the color drum phase sensor and the K drum phase sensor works as a trigger to
stop the motor.
For further color registration accuracy, the gears are precisely assembled.
11. Drum motor-YMC
These motors drive the Y, M and C drums.
The drive of the motor is transmitted with the gear from the drum motor to the M (C) drum and then
to the Y drum.
To align the phases of the K drum and color drums and enhance the color registration accuracy, the
signal change of the color drum phase sensor and the K drum phase sensor works as a trigger to
stop the motor.
For further color registration accuracy, the gears are precisely assembled.
12.Developer unit motor-K
This motor drives the auger to carry waste toner gathered with the K developer magnetic roller and
K cleaning blade to the waste toner transport path.
To maintain the rotational speeds of the photoconductive drum and the developer magnetic roller at
a specified ratio, the developer unit motor rotates at a speed proportionate to the paper transport
speed for special modes such as the thick paper mode.
The drive of the motor is transmitted with the gear, and the motor is connected to the developer unit
with a coupling.
13.Developer unit mixer motor-K
This motor drives a mixer to mix and transport K developer material.
The rotational speed of this motor is constant in any mode because the transport amount of the
developer material must be stable in any special mode such as the thick paper mode.
The drive of the motor is transmitted with the gear, and the motor is connected to the developer unit
with a coupling.
14.Developer unit motor-YMC
These motors drive the auger to carry waste toner gathered with the YMC developer magnetic
rollers and YMC cleaning blades to the waste toner transport path.
To maintain the rotational speeds of the photoconductive drum and the developer magnetic roller at
a specified ratio, the developer unit motor rotates at a speed proportionate to the paper transport
speed for special modes such as the thick paper mode.
The drive of the motor is transmitted with the gear, and the motor is connected to the developer unit
with a coupling.
15.Developer unit mixer motor-YMC
These motors drive a mixer to mix and transport YMC developer materials.
The rotational speed of these motors is constant in any mode because the transport amount of the
developer material must be stable in any special mode such as the thick paper mode.
The drive of the motor is transmitted with the gear, and the motor is connected to the developer unit
with a coupling.

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BASIC MANUAL
PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

9-5

16.Developer material
The developer material consists of the carrier and toner. The carrier is made of electrically
conductive ferrites which is 30-100 m and the toner is made of the resin particle which is approx.
6.8 m. Normally developer material does not need to be replaced periodically. However,
replacement may be needed depending on the use condition.
17.Mixer
The carrier and toner are frictionized each other when the developer material is stirred. Then the
carrier is positively charged (+) and the toner is negatively charged (), and the toner is adhered by
the electrostatic force.
18.Developer sleeve (Magnetic roller)
These aluminum rollers have magnets inside. The developer material is pulled by these magnets to
form a magnetic brush. The magnets are fixed at their position so that only the sleeve rotates. By
this rotation, the developer material is transported to the developer sleeve. Then the magnetic brush
formed at the developer sleeve sweeps over the drum surface and thus development is performed.
19.Doctor blade
The doctor blade controls the amount of the developer material from the developer sleeve so that
the magnetic brush of the developer material can contact with the drum surface properly.
20.Auto-toner sensor
To print out a precise image, the proportion (toner density ratio) of the carrier and the toner in the
developer material needs to be always constant. The magnetic bridge circuit in the black auto-toner
sensor detects the toner ratio in the developer material. Toner is supplied from the toner cartridge
when that contained in the developer material starts to run out.
21.Toner motor
These motors drive the paddles and auger in the toner cartridge and transport the toner filled in the
cartridge to the developer unit. Each toner cartridge of Y, M, C and K mounts one toner motor
correspondingly.
22.Waste toner transport motor
The waste toner transport motor rotates the auger in the corresponding unit and transports the
waste toner which exits from each YMCK developer unit and the transfer belt cleaner unit, as well as
the waste developer material which exits from each YMCK developer unit.
23.Auger lock detection sensor
This sensor detects locking of the waste toner transport auger. When the waste toner transport
auger is locked due to the overload or malfunction of the motor, this sensor detects it and the service
call (CD71) occurs.
24.Waste toner amount detection sensor
The waste toner amount detection sensor is a transmissive sensor whose purpose is to detect the
amount of waste toner in the waste toner box.
This sensor detects when the amount of waste toner has reached approx. 80% of the toner full.
25.Waste toner box full detection sensor
The waste toner box full detection sensor is a transmissive sensor whose purpose is to check the
sensor section at the side of the waste toner box. When the Waste toner box becomes full of waste
toner and the accumulated waste toner shields the sensor path, this sensor detects that the waste
toner box is full.

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PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

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9-6

26.Waste toner box

This collects the residual toner scraped off on the drum surface by the cleaning blade and residual
toner scraped off on the transfer belt by the transfer belt cleaning blade.
Developer material discharged in SR development is also recovered into the waste toner box.
27.Waste toner box detection sensor
This sensor detects if the waste toner box is set and whether the waste toner box cover is opened or
closed.
28.Toner filter
This collects toner scattered out of the developer unit (developer sleeve).
29.Scattered toner suctioning fan
This fan sucks in toner scattered out of the developer unit (developer sleeve) and collects it through
the toner filter.
30.Toner cartridge paddle rotation detection sensor-K/C/M/Y
These sensors detect the rotational status of the paddle of each toner cartridge. The rotational
status can be detected with an slit of gear rotating together with the paddle.
31.Drum surface potential sensor
This sensor is installed only in some models.
The drum surface potential sensor measures the surface potential of the drum when the drum is
charged. Based on the measured value, this sensor controls the main charger grid bias voltage, and
thus can control the drum surface potential accurately.

9
Drum surface potential sensor
V0 sensor signal
(analog)

V0 sensor signal
(digital)
EPU Board
Shutter control signal

Shutter
LGC Board
Drum
High-voltage
transformer

Reference
voltage

Main charger grid

Fig. 9-3

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BASIC MANUAL
PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

9-7

BASIC MANUAL
PROCESS UNIT RELATED SECTION

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9-8

10. TRANSFER UNIT

10.1 General Descriptions
Transfer is a process of dealing a toner image from the photoconductive drum onto paper.
A toner image formed on the photoconductive drum is temporarily transferred onto the transfer belt,
and the toner image is then transferred from the transfer belt onto paper. The first transfer from the
drum to the transfer belt is called the 1st transfer, and the second transfer from the transfer belt to paper
is called the 2nd transfer. To form a color image, the images of yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and
black (K) are transferred and overlaid on the transfer belt in order, and then the overlaid images are
transferred onto paper.
After the completion of the 2nd transfer, the residual toner on the transfer belt is scraped off by the
transfer belt cleaning blade and then transported to the waste toner box.
The figure below is an example for the configuration of the transfer unit. Parts or mechanisms shown
below may not installed in some models.
Waste tone rauger
Drive roller

2nd transfer facing roller

2nd transfer facing roller cleaning pad
Drive roller cleaning pad
1st transfer roller(C)
Tension roller
1st transfer roller(K)
1st transfer roller(Y)

Drum
(C)

Drum
(M)

TRU waste toner amount

detection sensor

Transfer belt

1st transfer roller(M)

Drum
(Y)

2nd transfer roller

2nd transfer side paper
clinging detection sensor

10

Drum
(K)

Image quality sensor

LIft roller

Image position aligning sensor

(front/senter/rear)
Transfer belt cam motor

Transfer belt contact/release

detection sensor
Transfer belt cleaning blade

2nd transfer roller

cleaning blade

2nd transfer roller lubricant unit

2nd transfer roller
contact/release detection sensor

TRU waste toner box

Fig.10-1

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BASIC MANUAL
TRANSFER UNIT

10 - 1

10.2 Composition
Transfer belt unit

Transfer belt cleaning

Transfer belt motor
2nd transfer unit

Transfer belt
1st transfer roller
Drive roller
Tension roller
2nd transfer facing roller
Lift roller
Idling roller
Transfer belt cam motor
Transfer belt contact/release detection sensor
2nd transfer facing roller cleaning pad
Drive roller cleaning pad
Transfer belt cleaning blade
Transfer belt cleaner side seal
2nd transfer roller
2nd transfer roller lubricant unit
TRU waste toner box
TRU waste toner amount detection sensor
2nd transfer side paper clinging detection sensor

Image position aligning sensor (front /

center/rear)
2nd transfer roller contact/release
detection sensor
Image quality sensor
2nd transfer motor

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TRANSFER UNIT

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10 - 2

10.3 Functions
1. Transfer belt
This belt, made of electrical resistance resin, is formed in a highly-precise technique. The drive of
the transfer belt motor rotates the drive roller and thus the transfer belt is rotated.
2. 1st transfer roller
When the 1st transfer bias from the high-voltage transformer is applied to this roller, a toner image is
transferred from the photoconductive drum onto the transfer belt. The spring of this roller presses
the transfer belt and the photoconductive drum to contact each other.
3. Drive roller
This roller rotates the transfer belt with the drive transmitted from the transfer belt motor.
4. Tension roller
This roller applies tensile force to the transfer belt with its spring.
5. 2nd transfer facing roller
This roller contacts with the 2nd transfer roller, holding the transfer belt between them to nip paper.
When the 2nd transfer bias (negative polarity) is applied from the high-voltage power supply to the
2nd transfer facing roller, a toner image is transferred onto paper.
To clean off the toner adhered on the 2nd transfer roller, positive bias is applied on the 2nd transfer
facing roller to transport the positively charged toner on the 2nd transfer roller to the transfer belt.
6. Lift roller
This roller retains the contacting position of the transfer belt and the photoconductive drum.
When only a black (K) image is being transferred, the transfer belt cam motor lifts up the 1st transfer
rollers of yellow (Y), magenta (M) and cyan (C), together with this roller.
7. Idling roller
This roller retains the contacting position of the transfer belt and the photoconductive drum.
8. Transfer belt cam motor
This motor lifts up the 1st transfer rollers (Y), (M) and (C) when only a black (K) image is being
developed. Installed in the transfer belt unit, this motor drives the cam and also moves the linked
lever to lift up the 1st transfer rollers (Y), (M) and (C).
9. Transfer belt contact/release detection sensor
This sensor installed in the transfer belt unit detects the timing to apply stop the transfer belt cam
motor, and also detects if the 1st transfer rollers are at their contacting or releasing position.
10.Transfer belt cleaning blade
This blade removes the residual toner, paper dust or foreign objects on the transfer belt surface. It is
pressed onto the transfer belt unit by its spring. The recovery blade and urethan seal prevent the
removed residual toner or other objects from leaking out of the transfer belt cleaning unit.
11. Used toner auger
This auger transports the residual toner, paper dust or foreign objects scraped off by the transfer belt
cleaning blade to the waste toner box.
12.Transfer belt motor
This two-phase stepping motor drives the drive roller of the transfer belt unit and the used toner
auger.
13.2nd transfer roller

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TRANSFER UNIT

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10

This metal roller, covered with sponge and an NBR tube, is located to face the 2nd transfer facing
roller through the transfer belt. When the registration motor is rotated reversely, the drive from the
registration motor is transmitted to this roller through the cam and arm, and thus this roller contacts
with or releases from the transfer belt.
14.2nd transfer roller contact/release detection sensor
This photointerrupter detects if the 2nd transfer roller is contacted with or released from the transfer
belt.
15.2nd transfer paper clinging detection sensor
This sensor detects thin paper clinging to the transfer belt. When a sheet of thin paper which is not
allowed in the specification is fed, this thin paper may cling to the transfer belt. The clung paper
causes a service call because it cannot be removed in a normal jam releasing process. This sensor
forestalls such case and helps to remove it as a normal paper jam.
16.TRU waste toner amount detection sensor
his sensor detects the amount of waste toner in the TRU waste toner box. When waste toner
occupies approx. 80% of the TRU waste toner box, the sensor judges that the TRU waste toner box
is almost full.
When the specified number of sheets of paper have been printed since then, a message appears
warning the user that the TRU waste toner box is full.

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TRANSFER UNIT

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10 - 4

10.4 General description of operation

10.4.1

Printing in the color modes

[A] 1st transfer

1. Printing starts and the photoconductive drums, developer units and transfer belt start the rotation.
2. The 1st transfer rollers (Y), (M) and (C) move to a position contacting with the photoconductive
drum, with the transfer belt nipped between them.
3. A voltage is applied through the 1st transfer roller (Y) and a toner image on the photoconductive
drum (Y) is transferred onto the transfer belt.
4. A voltage is applied through the 1st transfer roller (M) and a toner image on the photoconductive
drum (M) is transferred onto the transfer belt to be overlaid on the toner image (Y).
5. A voltage is applied through the 1st transfer roller (C) and a toner image on the photoconductive
drum (C) is transferred onto the transfer belt to be overlaid on the toner images (Y) and (M).
6. A voltage is applied through the 1st transfer roller (K) and a toner image on the photoconductive
drum (K) is transferred onto the transfer belt to be overlaid on the toner images (Y), (M) and (C).
7. When the printing operation is completed, the 1st transfer rollers of Y, M and C move to a position
released from the drum.

[B] 2nd transfer

1. The 2nd transfer roller waits at the position released from the transfer belt during the equipments
waiting period.
2. Printing starts and then the 2nd transfer roller moves to the position contacting with the transfer belt.
3. The transfer belt rotates and then a toner image on the transfer belt surface is moved to the 2nd
transfer position.
4. The registration rollers align paper and then the paper is transported to the 2nd transfer roller.
5. A bias is applied to the 2nd transfer roller and then the toner image on the transfer belt surface is
transferred onto the transported paper.
6. After the completion of the 2nd transfer, the 2nd transfer roller is escaped to the releasing position.
7. When the toner image has been transferred onto the paper in the 2nd transfer process, the residual
toner on the transfer belt is scraped off by the transfer belt cleaning blade.

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TRANSFER UNIT

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10

10.4.2

Printing in the black mode

[A] 1st transfer

1. Printing starts (The 1st transfer rollers (Y), (M) and (C) have moved to the position released from the
photoconductive drum.)
2. The photoconductive drum (K), developer unit (K) and transfer belt start the rotation.
3. A voltage is applied through the 1st transfer roller (K) and a toner image on the photoconductive
drum (K) is transferred onto the transfer belt.
4. Completion of printing.

[B] 2nd transfer

1. The 2nd transfer roller waits at the position released from the transfer belt during the equipments
waiting period.
2. Printing starts and then the 2nd transfer roller moves to the position contacting with the transfer belt.
3. The transfer belt rotates and then a toner image on the transfer belt surface is moved to the 2nd
transfer position.
4. The registration rollers align paper and then the paper is transported to the 2nd transfer roller.
5. A bias is applied to the 2nd transfer roller and then the toner image on the transfer belt surface is
transferred onto the transported paper.
6. After the completion of the 2nd transfer, the 2nd transfer roller is escaped to the releasing position.
7. When the toner image has been transferred onto the paper in the 2nd transfer process, the residual
toner on the transfer belt is scraped off by the transfer belt cleaning blade.

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TRANSFER UNIT

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10 - 6

10.4.3

Color registration control

IIn the color MFP, the color registration control method is used to correct any registration deviation in
any of the four colors. This color registration control is performed during warming-up, and at fixed
intervals. The aim of controlling at fixed intervals is to correct deviation in the relative positions of the
laser optical system components caused by the rise of the temperature inside the equipment after
warming-up. However, there are cases such as when the equipment is turned ON again immediately
after it is turned OFF, it may not be necessary to correct deviation in the relative positions of the laser
optical system components caused by the rise of the temperature inside the machine after warming-up.
For such cases, the temperature of the fuser belt is checked when the power is turned ON, and if it is
within the allowable temperature range, color registration control at the warming-up will be omitted.
Also the temperature of drum (K) thermistor is checked at the fixed intervals. If the difference between
the temperature at the last color registration control and the current temperature is within the allowable
range, color registration control will be omitted.
Color registration control is performed in the following order.
1. A built-in 4-color test pattern is printed on the transfer belt several times.*
2. The printed test pattern is scanned by the image position aligning sensors (front/center/rear)* to
measure the amount of deviation among the four colors several times.
* The location and the number of the sensors differ depending on the model.
3. The amount of deviation thus measured is arithmetically operated on by the microcomputer.
4. The deviation amount is judged from the result of calculation, and then the correction for the laser
write position (correction of primary and secondary scanning deviation) and the tilt angle adjustment
of laser beam reflection mirrors will be made.
5. After the correction is made, the amount of deviation is checked whether it is within-spec or not. If
the value is within-spec, the color registration control will be completed, and if it is out-of-spec, the
color registration control will be restarted from step 1).
*

After the test patterns are printed, if the specified number of data is unable to be read
successfully, an error (CA00: Image position alignment abnormality) is generated.

The test patterns for the 4 colors illustrated below are regarded as one set. Several sets are printed
directly onto the transfer belt, and the pitch of the test patterns is measured by the color registration
sensors.
Corrections will be made after four types of deviation are calculated according the measurement:
parallel deviation in the secondary-scanning direction; deviation of write start position in the primaryscanning direction; deviation of reproduction ratio in the primary-scanning direction and tilt deviation

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TRANSFER UNIT

10 - 7

10

Transfer belt
rotation direction

Test pattern

Image position
aligning sensor (rear)

Image position
aligning sensor (center)

[Wy]c

Image position
aligning sensor (front)

Fig.10-2

Deviation
Parallel deviation in the secondary-scanning
direction
Deviation of write start position in the primaryscanning direction
Deviation of reproduction ratio in the primaryscanning direction
Partial shift in reproduction ratio (primary
scanning direction)
Tilt deviation

Object of Correction
Laser write start position (secondaryscanning direction)
Laser write start position (primary-scanning
direction)
Image writing frequency (fine-tuned wave)
Image writing frequency (modulated wave)
Angle of reflection mirror in the laser unit

Because the color registration control of the equipment optimizes the laser write start position to correct
the deviation of the 4 colors that appears uniformly on the paper, it cannot correct the following
deviations that fluctuate.

Deviation caused by drum rotation errors

Deviation in the secondary-scanning direction at fixed intervals caused by eccentricity of the driving
parts from the drum motor to the drum, or etc.

Deviation caused by fluctuations in transfer belt speed

Fluctuating deviation in the secondary-scanning direction resulted from fluctuations in transfer belt
speed caused by eccentricity of the driving parts from the transfer belt motor to the transfer belt
drive roller, as well as by slippage between the transfer belt and the transfer belt drive roller

Deviation caused by meandering of the transfer belt

Fluctuating deviation in the primary-scanning direction caused by meandering of the transfer belt

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TRANSFER UNIT

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10 - 8

11. IMAGE QUALITY CONTROL

Image quality control is divided into image quality process control and image quality TRC control. When
the e-BRIDGE Controller is installed, the image quality TRC control is performed with a single test
pattern, and when the EFI Printer Board (optional) is installed, it is performed with 2 test patterns.

11.1 General Description

The image quality control is performed with the signal outputs from the image quality sensor.
In the image quality control, image forming conditions or image processing conditions are automatically
adjusted so as to minimize the change in the image density or tone reproduction caused by the
fluctuation of the use environment or the life of the supply items.
At first, the image quality sensor emits light in order to output the reflected light amount voltage with no
toner image formed on the transfer belt.
This reflected light amount voltage is then converted analog-to-digital to be output to the LGC board as
a reflected light amount signal. The light amount voltage of the light source of the sensor is adjusted so
that the output value of the reflected light amount signal will correspond with a value set in advance.
Next, a test pattern is developed on the transfer belt, and the reflected light amount signal output from
the developed test pattern is detected as the toner amount for a toner image. This series of operations
is the scanning of a toner image (detection of the output value).
3 test patterns are provided for scanning this toner image. Each of them is used to determine the
following conditions:
1. Image quality process control test pattern
The toner image of the test pattern is scanned and the image forming conditions are determined to
be approximated to the preset value.
2. Image quality TRC control test pattern
The toner image of the test pattern is scanned and the image processing conditions are determined
according to the value output from the toner image.
3. Image quality TRC control test pattern for the EFI Printer Board (optional)
(Only for the equipment with the EFI Printer Board (optional) installed.)
The toner image of the test pattern is scanned and the image processing conditions are determined
according to the value output from the toner image.
In addition, a shutter operated by the Image quality shutter solenoid is equipped on the light receiving/
emitting surfaces to prevent stain to the sensor.

Image quality control unit

Image quality sensor

Image position aligning sensor (rear)

Image quality shutter solenoid

Image position aligning sensor (center)

Image position aligning sensor (front)

Fig.11-1
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IMAGE QUALITY CONTROL

11 - 1

11

11.2 Composition
Image quality sensor:

Laser optical system:

Image forming process:

Projects the amount of light on the transfer belt and outputs the voltage
corresponding to the reflected light amount from the transfer belt or the
toner image on the transfer belt.
Performs test pattern exposure (for toner image formation).
Performs charging, laser exposing and developing processes.

Image forming process

Transfer belt

Image
quality
sensor

Laser optical system

Various image forming

conditions

Light source
amount signal

Reflected light
amount signal

ASIC
Fig.11-2

BASIC MANUAL
IMAGE QUALITY CONTROL

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11 - 2

12. FUSER UNIT

12.1 General Description
The fuser unit fuses the toner image transferred to paper using the IH coil or heater lamp.
When paper is transported to the fuser unit, toner is fused by applying heat and pressure on the paper
with the fuser roller (or fuser belt) and the pressure roller.
The paper is then transported to the bridge unit or the exit tray.
The fuser unit consists of the fuser belt, fuser roller, IH coil, pressure roller, separation fingers,
separation plate, thermopiles, thermistors, thermostats, sensor etc.
The rollers in the fuser unit are driven by the fuser motor.
IH type

Heater Type
[14]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[7] [16]

[11]

[8]

[9] [10]

[6]
[12]
[5]

[1]

[7]

[2]
[11]

[13]

[4]

[3]

[2]

[6] [15]

[1] [12]

[5] [4]

[3]

Fig.12-1

[1] Pressure roller

[2] Pressure roller heater lamp
[3] Entrance guide
[4] Fuser roller
[5] Fuser belt
[6] Fuser belt thermistor
[7] Fuser belt thermostat
[8] Paper guide
[9] Separation plate
[10] Separation fingers
[11] Pressure roller thermostat
[12] Pressure roller thermistor
[13] IH coil
[14] Satellite roller / Heat pipe roller
[15] Heater lamp
[16] Heat roller

12

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BASIC MANUAL
FUSER UNIT

12 - 1

12.2 Composition
Fuser belt section

Fuser belt
Fuser belt guide
Fuser roller
Satellite roller / Heat pipe roller
Fuser belt center thermostat
Fuser belt side thermostat
Fuser belt edge thermistor
Fuser belt center thermopile
Fuser belt side thermopile
Fuser belt rotation detection sensor
Separation plate

Pressure roller section

Pressure roller
Separation fingers
Pressure roller heater lamp
Pressure roller center thermistor
Pressure roller side thermistor
Pressure roller edge thermistor
Pressure roller center thermostat
Pressure roller contact / release clutch
Pressure roller contact / release detection sensor

IH coil section

IH coil
IH board
IH board cooling fan

Drive section / Others

Fuser motor
Exit paper cooling fan (rear)
Fuser unit jam releasing LED

BASIC MANUAL
FUSER UNIT

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12 - 2

12.3 Functions
1. Fuser belt
- IH coil
The fuser belt couples the fuser roller with the satellite roller (or the heat pipe roller) and conducts
heat generated by the IH coils to paper to melt toner on the paper.
- Heater lamp
The fuser belt couples the fuser roller with the heat roller and transfers the heat that is conducted
from the heat roller heated by the heater lamp to the paper to cause the toner on it to melt.
The thinness of the fuser belt enables a reduction in the warming up time and mode changing time.
To prevent the fuser belt having toner adhere to it, its surface is fluorinated.
2. Fuser roller
The fuser roller is pressed against the pressure roller with the fuser belt between them. Due to this
pressure between the fuser roller and the pressure roller, heat conduction to the paper is enhanced
so that the toner melts more easily and is absorbed into the paper. In order to improve the fusing
ability, a sponge roller is employed for the fuser roller in order to expand its nip width.
3. Satellite roller
The satellite roller rotates the fuser belt together with the fuser roller to stabilize the belt surface
temperature.
4. Fuser belt center thermostat (THMO4) / Fuser belt side thermostat
If the fuser belt becomes abnormally hot as a result of problems such as thermopile malfunction, the
thermostats cut off the power supply to the IH coil by having their bimetal open the joint.
The thermostats for the equipment are safety devices to detect abnormal operation. When the
thermostats detect any abnormal temperature, they must be replaced as well as any other damaged
parts in the fuser unit.
5. Fuser belt edge thermistor
This thermistor is a contact type one located in the non-feeding area (where paper does not pass) of
the fuser belt to detect the surface temperature of the belt. The temperature in this area may be
elevated without any heat absorption to the paper, since it does not pass through this area.
This thermistor detects the temperature elevation to prevent the heat deterioration of the fuser unit
parts and is not related to the temperature control of the fuser belt.
6. Fuser belt center thermopile / Fuser belt side thermopile
The thermopiles are infrared elements to detect the surface temperature of the fuser belt. They are
non-contact type thermopiles in order not to damage the paper contact surface of the fuser belt.
Both thermopiles are fixed on each of the front and rear sides of the frame to detect the temperature
of the edges and center of the fuser belt for controlling the IH coils.These thermopiles detect the
surface temperature of the fuser belt and maintain it in a certain range between the lower limit
causing poor fusing and the upper limit causing high temperature offsetting. When the surface
temperature of the fuser belt is lower than the preset one, they turn ON the power supply to the IH
coils, and when it is higher than the preset one, they shut off the supply.
7. Fuser belt rotation detection sensor
This sensor detects any abnormality of the fuser roller such as rotation stop to prevent any part of
the fuser roller and the fuser belt from being heated continuously by the IH coil and thus damaged.
8. Separation plate
This plate separates paper on which toner is already fused from the fuser belt. To prevent damage
to the fuser belt surface, the separation plate is constructed so that it does not contact with the fuser
belt. The gap between the separation plate and the fuser belt is adjusted to fall within a certain range
because if the separation plate is too close to the fuser belt, it may damage the belt and if too far, it
may fail to separate the paper from the fuser belt and thus a paper jam may occur.

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BASIC MANUAL
FUSER UNIT

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12

9. Pressure roller
This is a rubber roller which ensures a proper nip width between the pressure roller and the fuser
roller or the fuser belt. Toner is fused onto the paper while it is being transported because the
springs of the pressure roller press the fuser roller or the fuser belt.
10.Pressure roller heater lamp
These are halogen lamps located inside of the pressure roller in order to stabilize the surface
temperature of the pressure roller to maintain the fusing temperature at a required level for fusing
toner by turning its drive circuit ON or OFF.
The heater lamp consists of a center heater lamp for heating up the center of the pressure roller and
a side heater lamp for both ends of this roller.
A sub heater lamp may also be installed to assist in heating.
11. Separation fingers
Five separation fingers are installed to contact with the pressure roller under a low load to prevent
paper from adhering to it.
12.Pressure roller center thermistor / Pressure roller side thermistor
The thermistors detect the surface temperature of the pressure roller and control the pressure roller
lamp. These non-contact type thermistors are used in order not to damage the paper contact
surface of the pressure roller.
13.Pressure roller edge thermistor
This is a contact type thermistor located in the non-feeding area (where paper does not pass) of the
pressure roller to detect the surface temperature of the pressure roller. The temperature in this area
may be elevated without any heat absorption to the paper, since it does not pass through this area.
This thermistor detects the temperature elevation to prevent the heat deterioration of fuser unit parts
and is not related to the temperature control of the fuser belt.
14.Pressure roller center thermostat / Pressure roller side thermostat
These thermostats cut off the power supply to the heater lamps by opening their bimetallic joint if the
pressure roller surface becomes abnormally hot as a result of problems such as thermistor
malfunction. The thermostats for the equipment are safety devices to detect abnormal operation.
When the thermostats operate after detecting any abnormal temperature, they must be replaced as
well as any other damaged parts in the fuser unit.
15.Pressure roller contact / release clutch
This clutch is turned ON to transmit the reversing rotation of the fuser motor to the release cam to
separate halfway the pressure roller from the fuser belt. The reason why they are separated halfway
is to reduce the load on the pressure roller and the fuser roller by half except in the warming up
period and during printing. Also, any jammed paper in the nip of the fuser unit is easily removed if
they are separated halfway.
16.Pressure roller contact / release detection sensor
This sensor detects the home position of the pressure roller. It checks this by contacting and
releasing the roller every time after the power is turned ON or a jam is released.

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FUSER UNIT

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12 - 4

12.3.1

Heat source section

1. IH coil
This coil generates a magnetic field with the electric current which has flowed into it. Then the eddy
current is made to flow into the fuser belt, and thus heating it.
Its temperature can be controlled more accurately than that of the heater lamp.
2. IH board
This board controls the temperature of the fuser belt by regulating the high-frequency current
conducted to the IH coil.
3. IH board cooling fan
The fan installed in the board cover cool down the IH board.
4. Heater lamp
These are lamps for heating the heat roller. There are the center and side heater lamps in each
heating section. A sub heater lamp may also be installed to assist in heating.

12.3.2

Fuser drive section

1. Fuser motor
This motor drives the fuser unit.
2. Exit paper cooling fan
This fan cools down exiting or reversed paper in the bridge unit and reduces the heat conduction to
the scanner. It also suppresses condensation, which occurs when the paper moisture is evaporated
by the fuser unit, to avoid exposing paper to water.

12

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BASIC MANUAL
FUSER UNIT

12 - 5

12.4 Description of Operation

The fuser belt is located between the fuser roller and the pressure roller. The fuser roller is pressed with
the spring force from the pressure roller side, and it is rotated by the drive of the fuser motor. The fuser
belt rotates together with these rollers. Then paper transported to the fuser unit section is held between
the fuser belt and the pressure roller and toner is fused on the paper by means of heat and pressure
from them. After this, the separation plate separates the paper from the fuser belt. Then the paper is
transported to the bridge unit.
The fuser unit is heated by the IH coil or heater lamp. The halogen lamps located inside of the pressure
roller are turned ON or OFF by the drive circuit to maintain the fusing temperature at the required level
for fusing toner and to stabilize the surface temperature of the pressure roller. The fuser belt center
thermopile and the fuser belt side thermopile control the surface temperature of the fuser belt. If any
temperature abnormality (service call) is detected, the power supply relay within the FIL board and the
power supply unit is turned off.
This in turn shuts off the power supply to the IH coils or heater lamp, simultaneously to whole units,
except for the control panel.
If the temperature abnormality is still not resolved due to such problems as thermopile malfunction, the
fuser belt center thermostat or the fuser belt side thermostat are opened to shut off the power supply to
the IH coils or heater lamp.
The pressure roller center thermistor and the side thermistor control the temperature of the pressure
roller. If any temperature abnormality is detected, the power supply relay within the FIL board and the
power supply unit are shut off. This in turn shuts off the power supply to the center heater lamp, the side
heater lamp and the sub heater lamp (only for the triple type), simultaneously to whole units, except for
the control panel.
If the temperature abnormality is still not resolved due to problems such as thermistor malfunction, the
pressure roller center thermostat and the pressure roller side thermostat are opened to shut off the
power supply to all the heater lamps.
In order to secure the life and quality of the fuser belt, fuser roller and pressure roller until their periodic
replacement and accessibility for JAM clearance, the pressure roller is kept halfway separated from the
fuser belt at prewarming, sleep, transportation, and JAM.
The pressure roller is kept separated halfway from the fuser belt as a result of the turning ON the
pressure roller contact/release clutch by the transmission of the reversing rotation of the fuser motor to
the cam driving section and the rotation of the release cam.

BASIC MANUAL
FUSER UNIT

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12 - 6

13. DUPLEX SECTION

13.1 General Description
The Automatic Duplexing Unit (ADU) is a unit to reverse paper so that images can be printed on both
sides of paper automatically.
There are two reversing methods; one is a stacking method that temporarily stacks paper whose one
side is already printed and then reverses it, and the other is a stackless method that prints both sides of
the paper without stacking it.
Currently the stacking method is rarely used because the printing speed would be slow.
When printing on one side of the paper is finished, it is transported to the ADU by the bridge unit or the
exit/reverse roller. Then the paper is reversed while it passes the ADU, and it is sent to the registration
section. (The arrows in the figure below show the direction of paper transport.)
The ADU motor drives the ADU.

Stackless method (A)

[6]

[7]

[5]
ADU

[8]
[9]
[4]

[3]
[10]
[2]
[11]

13

[1]
Fig.13-1

[1] Transport path

[2] Registration roller
[3] Transfer area
[4] Fuser unit
[5] Reverse path sensor
[6] Exit / transport roller
[7] Flapper
[8] Duplexing unit path entrance sensor
[9] ADU transport roller-1
[10] ADU transport roller-2
[11] Duplexing unit path exit sensor

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
DUPLEX SECTION

13 - 1

13.2 Composition
Duplexing unit

Duplexing unit path entrance sensor

Duplexing unit path exit sensor
Duplexing unit interlock switch
Duplexing unit cover opening/ closing detection sensor
ADU board
Reverse roller
ADU transport roller-1
ADU transport roller-2
ADU motor
Fuser transport sensor

BASIC MANUAL
DUPLEX SECTION

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

13 - 2

13.3 Functions
13.3.1

Duplexing unit

1. Reverse path sensor

This sensor detects that paper is being transported from the bridge unit to the duplexing unit.
2. Reverse roller
This roller transports paper from the bridge unit to the duplexing unit.
3. Duplexing unit path entrance sensor
This sensor detects that paper is transported at the entrance of the duplexing unit.
4. Duplexing unit path exit sensor
This sensor detects that paper is transported at the exit of the duplexing unit.
5. Fuser transport sensor
This sensor detects that paper is being transported from the fuser unit.
6. Duplexing unit interlock switch
This switch detects the opening/closing status of the duplexing unit.
7. Duplexing unit cover opening / closing detection sensor
This sensor detects the opening/closing status of the duplexing unit cover.
8. ADU transport roller-1/ ADU transport roller-2
This roller transport paper in the duplexing unit to the registration roller.
9. ADU motor
This motor drives the duplexing bridge transport roller and the ADU transport roller to transport
paper to the duplexing unit.
10.ADU board
This board controls the operations of the duplexing unit.

13

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
DUPLEX SECTION

13 - 3

13.4 Description of Operations

When the duplex printing mode is selected, first the print data of the back side of the original are printed
on the back side of the fed paper, and then the printed paper is transported from the fuser unit to the
bridge unit.
After the printed paper has passed, the flap is lowered to transport the paper to the ADU.
The printed paper is made to enter the transport path via the ADU, and its print side is switched from
the back to the front. In a sequence of these operations, both sides of the paper can be printed.

[4]

[1]

ADU

ADU

B
[2]

[5]

B
ADU

ADU

[6]

[3]

ADU

ADU
A

Fig.13-2

BASIC MANUAL
DUPLEX SECTION

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

13 - 4

13.5 Method
The transport path of paper in the stackless method (A) is explained in 13.1. Those for the stackless
method (B) and the stacking method are explained as below.

Stackless method (B)

[10]
[9]

[12 ]

[11]

[1]

[8]

[2]
[3]
[4]

[7]
[5]

ADU

[6]

Fig.13-3

[1] Exit roller

[2] Exit/reverse gate
[3] Reverse path roller-1
[4] Reverse path sensor-1
[5] Reverse path roller-2
[6] Reverse path sensor-2

[7] ADU transport roller-1/2/3/4

[8] Intermediate transport sensor
[9] Registration sensor
[10] Registration roller
[11] Transfer area
[12] Fuser unit

Stacking method
[5]

[4]

13

[3]
[2]
[1]

ADU
Fig.13-4

[1] Transport path

[2] Registration roller
[3] Transfer area
[4] Fuser unit
[5] Reverse path sensor

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
DUPLEX SECTION

13 - 5

BASIC MANUAL
DUPLEX SECTION

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

13 - 6

14. EXIT SECTION

14.1 General Description
The paper exit unit transports paper transported from the fuser unit or the bridge unit to the exit tray or
the finisher.
When paper is to exit to the exit tray, the paper exit unit performs processing which should be done
prior to that happening.
When paper is to exit to the options such as the finisher, the paper exit unit performs the processing
which should be done prior to that happening.
The inner receiving tray unit lets paper exit on the inner receiving tray of the equipment. If paper exits to
the optional Finisher, it does so through the bridge unit.
There are two types of paper exit unit; one is an inner receiving tray (paper exiting inside of the
equipment), and the other is an external receiving tray (including the exit tray of the equipment).

Inner receiving tray type

The inner receiving tray unit lets paper exit on the inner receiving tray of the equipment. If paper
exits to the optional Finisher, it does so through the bridge unit. This type is mainly adopted in lowor mid- speed models.
[3]

[6]

[5]
[2]

[4]
[1]

Fig.14-1

[1] Fuser unit

[2] Inner receiving tray
[3] Bridge unit (Option)
[4] The inner receiving tray lets paper exit on the inner receiving tray of the MFP.
[5] Paper is transported to the ADU in the duplex printing mode.
[6] Paper is transported to the Finisher (optional) if it is installed.

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

14

BASIC MANUAL
EXIT SECTION

14 - 1

External receiving tray type

The external receiving tray unit lets paper exit to an exit tray installed outside of the equipment or the
optional Finisher. This type is mainly adopted in high-speed models.
[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]
[11]

[6]

[12]

[13]

[11]

[7]

[5]

[2]
[4]

[1]

[3]
Fig.14-2

[1] Transport path

[2] Bridge unit
[3] Paper exit
[4] Lower exit roller
[5] Finisher unit (Option)
[6] Exit tray
[7] Paper exit sensor
[8] Upper exit roller
[9] Flapper
[10] Transport roller
[11] Bridge unit transport roller
[12] Bridge unit path exit sensor
[13] Bridge unit path entrance sensor

BASIC MANUAL
EXIT SECTION

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

14 - 2

14.2 Composition
Paper exit unit

Bridge unit

Upper paper exit sensor

Upper exit tray paper full detection sensor
Lower paper exit sensor
Reverse section stationary jam detection sensor
Reverse path cover switch
Upper paper exit roller
Lower paper exit roller
Exit section cooling fan-1
Exit motor
Bridge unit entrance sensor
Bridge unit exit sensor
Bridge unit transport roller
Bridge unit transport motor
Reverse motor

14

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
EXIT SECTION

14 - 3

14.3 Functions
14.3.1

Paper exit unit

1. Upper paper exit sensor

This sensor detects that paper is transported to the upper exit tray.
2. Upper exit tray paper full detection sensor
This sensor detects the full status of the upper exit tray.
3. Lower paper exit sensor
This sensor detects that paper is transported to the lower exit tray.
4. Reverse section stationary jam detection sensor
This sensor detects the presence of paper in the reverse path section when a paper jam occurs.
5. Reverse path cover switch
This switch detects the opening/closing status of the reverse path cover.
6. Upper paper exit roller
This roller transports paper transported from the bridge unit to the upper exit tray.
7. Lower paper exit roller
This roller transports paper transported from the bridge unit to the lower exit tray.
8. Exit section cooling fan
These fans cool down paper which exits to the exit section.
9. Exit motor
This motor drives the upper and lower exit rollers to make paper exit.

14.3.2

Bridge unit

1. Bridge unit entrance sensor

This section detects that paper is being transported at the entrance of the bridge unit.
2. Bridge unit exit sensor
This section detects that paper is being transported at the exit of the bridge unit.
3. Bridge unit transport roller
This roller transports paper being transported from the fuser unit to the exit section.
4. Bridge unit trransport motorr
This motor drives the transport roller of the bridge unit.
5. Reverse motor
This motor drives the roller which transports the reversed paper.

BASIC MANUAL
EXIT SECTION

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

14 - 4

14.4 Description of Operations

Paper brought from the fuser unit to the bridge unit or the paper exit unit is then transported to either the
upper or lower exit tray of the paper exit unit by means of the exit rollers. Paper is transported to the
upper exit tray as the default. To transport paper to the lower exit tray, solenoid-1 is turned OFF in order
to lower the flapper. The bridge unit transports paper from the fuser unit to the paper exit unit. It also
transports paper to the duplexing unit during duplex printing.
Paper jams are detected by means of the transport sensors in the bridge unit and paper exit unit.

14

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL
EXIT SECTION

14 - 5

BASIC MANUAL
EXIT SECTION

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

14 - 6

REVISION RECORD
Ver.05
Ver 05
Page
GENERAL
PRECAUTIONS
1-6
1-8
13-5

Contents
The descriptions have been added.
e-STUDIO507 series, e-STUDIO857 series, and e-STUDIO527S series have been added.
e-STUDIO6570C series and e-STUDIO407CS have been added.
The descriptions of e-STUDIO2550C series, e-STUDIO5055C series have been changed.
The descriptions of the ADU stackless method have been added.

Ver.04
Ver 04
Page
GENERAL
PRECAUTIONS
1-6
1-7
1-8
4-7
4-8

Contents
The descriptions have been added.
The descriptions have been added.
The descriptions have been added.
"e-STUDIO3555C series has been changed to e-STUDIO5055C series.
The descriptions of No.92 to No.101 have been corrected.
The descriptions of No.102 to No.106 have been corrected.

Ver.03
Ver 03
Page
1-6
1-8
4-6
Back cover

Contents
The trademark has been added.
e-STUDIO456 series, e-STUDIO856 series, and e-STUDIO306LP have been added.
e-STUDIO3555C series have been added.
Notes have been added to No.68 and 71.
The address has been changed.

Ver.02
Ver 02
Page
1-7
5-5
7-6

Contents
e-STUDIO2050C series has been added
CCD has been added
LED print head has been added

Ver.01
Ver 01
Page
1-2
1-3
1-5
1-7
1-9
1-10

Contents
Unicode Font Enabler and Hardcopy Security Kit has been added
FUS, TBU, TRU have been added
1.5 HDD Memory Map has been added
1.6 Adjustments has been added
1.7 Firmware Update has been added
1.8 Preventive maintenance has been added

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

BASIC MANUAL

Ver.00
Ver 00
Page
-

Contents
First version

BASIC MANUAL

2011 - 2014 TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION All rights reserved

1-11-1, OSAKI, SHINAGAWA-KU, TOKYO, 141-8562, JAPAN