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Aptitude Shortcuts and General Formulae

The document provides information on shortcuts and formulas for profit and loss aptitude questions. It defines key terms like cost price, selling price, profit, gain, and loss. It then lists 13 profit/loss formulas and examples of their use. Finally, it describes 5 types of tricks or conditional shortcuts that can be used to solve profit and loss questions, including examples for each.

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409 views6 pages

Aptitude Shortcuts and General Formulae

The document provides information on shortcuts and formulas for profit and loss aptitude questions. It defines key terms like cost price, selling price, profit, gain, and loss. It then lists 13 profit/loss formulas and examples of their use. Finally, it describes 5 types of tricks or conditional shortcuts that can be used to solve profit and loss questions, including examples for each.

Uploaded by

Nive Admires
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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www.ibpsguide.

com
Aptitude Shortcuts and Formulae for Profit and Loss | Download in PDF:
Aptitude Shortcut methods and formulas that used in aptitude questions related to Profit
and Loss were given below in pdf. Candidates those who are preparing for IBPS
PO/Clerk, SBI and all other competitive exams can use this.

Terms used in Profit and Loss Aptitude Questions:


Cost Price (Cp):
The Price, at which an article is purchased, is called its Cost Price, abbreviated as
Cost Price.
Selling Price (sp):
The Price at which an article is sold is called its Selling Price, abbreviated as
Selling Price.
Profit or Gain:
If Selling Price is greater than Cost Price, the seller is said to have a profit or gain.
Loss:
If Selling Price is less than Cost Price, the seller is said to have incurred a loss.
Formulae:
1. Gain= S.P-C.P
2. Loss=C.P-S.P
3. Loss or Gain is always reckoned on cost price
100
4. Gain%=

www.ibpsguide.com
100
5. Loss%=

(100+ %)
6. Selling Price=
Cost Price
100
(100 %)
7. Selling Price=
Cost Price
100
100
8. Cost Price=
Selling Price
(100+ %)
100
9. Cost Price=
Selling Price
(100 %)

10. If an article is sold at a gain of say 35% then Sp=135%of C.P.


11. If an article is sold at a loss of say 35% then SP=65% of C.P.
12. When a Person sells two similar items, one at a gain of say, X% and other at a
Loss of X%, then the seller always incurs a Loss given by

Loss%= [

10

10

]2 =[ ]2

13. If a trader professes to sell his goods at Cost Price, but uses false weights, then

Error
Gain%= [
100]
True Value Error

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Typed Formulae For Short Cut Solution:
TYPE-1
Conditional Trick:
If Cost Price of X goods =Selling Price of Y goods
Then,
1. Gain% =

XY

100

(In case of X>Y)

YX
2. Loss% =
100
Y

(In case of X<Y)

TYPE-2
1. If X1 and X2 both are the rate of gain or both are the rate of loss.
Then,
100
C.P= (
)
X1X2

amount of difference between Selling Prices

2. if in x1 and x2 one is the rate of gain when another is the rate of loss.
Then,
100
C.P = (
)
x1+x2

amount of difference between Selling Prices

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TYPE-3
Miscellaneous Trick:
1. When a man buys two things on equal price each and in those things one is
sold on the profit of X% and another is sold on the loss of X%, then there is
no loss or gain percent.
Question: If Ram buys two cows at Rs.824 each and sells one at again of 14%
and another at a loss of 14%. How such does he gain or loss in the whole
transaction?
Ans: No Loss, no gain.
Reasoning: whatever he gain on the 1st cow, the same he loses on the other.

2. When a man sells two things at the same price each and in this process his
loss on first thing is X% and gain on second thing is X% then in such a type of
questions, there is always a loss.
Loss% =X% of X =

X2
100

= ( )2
10

Question: A man sold two watches at Rs.450 each. He sold one at a loss of 15%
and the other at a gain of 15%. His loss or gain is:
(1) 15% gain
(3) 2.25% loss
(5) None

(2) 30% loss


(4) neither loss nor gain

ANS: (3) 2.25% (loss)

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15

( )2 % = 2.25%

TRICK: Loss% =

10

3. Dishonest dealer and less Weight:

Gain% =

Error
True value Error

100

Where, error=1000 gm-used weight of goods


Question: A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price, but
used a weight of 950 gms for a kilogram weight. His gain percent is

(1) 5%

(2) 5.26% (3) 4% (4) 4.75% (5) None

Ans: (2)
TRICK:
Gain% =

50
1000 50

100 =

50
950

100

=5.26% ANS.
4. If A sells a thing to B at again of R1%, B sells it to c at a gain of R2% and C
sells it to D at a gain of R3%
Then, cost price of D = cost price of

A (1+

R1
100

) (1+

R2
100

) (1+

R3
100

Question: A sells a watch to B at a gain of 20%, B sells it to C at a gain of 25%


and C sells it to D at again of 10%. If D pays Rs.330, what did it cost A?
(1) Rs.250

TRICK:

(2) Rs.300 (3) Rs.200 (4) Rs.225 (5) None

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300=x

(1+

12

) (1+

25

) (1+

10

100
100
100
330100100100
X=
= Rs. 200 ANS.
120125110

Where X is supposed the cost price of A.

5. If a sells a thing to B at a loss of R1%,B sells it to C at a loss of R2% and C


sells it to D at a loss of R3% then,

Cost Price of D = cost price of


A (1-

R1
100

) (1-

R2
100

) (1-

R3
100

Question: If A sells a radio to B at a loss of 20%, B sells it to C at a loss of


30% and C sells it to D at a loss of 10%. If cost price of A was Rs. 2,000
then cost price of D is
(1) Rs.1280 (2) Rs.1190 (3) Rs.1305 (4)1008 (5) None
ANS: (4)
TRICK:
Cost price of D
= 2000
= 2000

(1-

20

) (1-

100
80
70
100

= Rs. 1,880 ANS.

100

30
100
90

) (1-

100

10
100

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