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Gas Turbine Single Annular Combustor Sector: Combustion Dynamics

aiaa2010

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69 views1 page

Gas Turbine Single Annular Combustor Sector: Combustion Dynamics

aiaa2010

Uploaded by

belacqua2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposi

4 - 7 January 2010, Orlando, Florida

AIAA 2010-21

Gas Turbine Single Annular Combustor Sector:


Combustion Dynamics
J. Cai1, F. IchihasKi2, B. S. Mohammad2, S. B. Tambe2, Yi-Huan Kao 2 and S. M. Jeng3
University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45220, USA

This paper investigates the combustion dynamics of a single cup gas turbine combustor
sector, a swirl-stabilized burner with dilution and cooling air holes. The burner was fueled
by natural gas and was operated at one atmospheric pressure with various air inlet
temperatures, air pressure drops, and airfuel ratios. Acoustic emissions as functions of
operating conditions were measured. Chemiluminescence imaging with a high-speed CCD
camera and simultaneous dynamic pressure measurements has been used to characterize the
combustors behavior. Imaging of the combustion energy release rate has provided an
insight on the flame structure and its interaction with the dilution air jets. The combustion
dynamics were correlated well with the heat release rate in the primary zone or in the
dilution air jet region. Two low-frequency combustion dynamics modes (fuel-rich combustor
domes with frequency around 420Hz, and fuel-lean combustor domes with frequency
around 280 Hz) were identified by a dynamic microphone, dynamic pressure transducers,
and a high-speed CCD camera. A two-dimensional distribution of the heat release rate
dynamics (amplitude and phase angle) reveals different combustion dynamics driving
mechanisms for fuel-lean and fuel rich modes. The acoustic emissions for the fuel-lean
combustion mode correlated well with the energy release rate dynamics of the swirling jet
inside the combustor dome. The acoustic emissions for the fuel-rich mode were associated
with the unsteady chemical energy release rate from interactions between the dilution air
jets and the fuel-rich mixture convected from the combustor dome.

Nomenclature
f
LPP
RQL
T
P
T

p'

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

frequency of oscillation
lean premixed combustion
rich-burn, quick-mix and lean-burn
temperature
pressure drop at swirler
inlet temperature step
equivalence ratio
acoustic pressure

I. Introduction

he concept of premixed combustion (LPP and RQL) has been widely applied in the industry, particularly in gas
turbine industry, as an effective means to achieve high combustion efficiency and meet the stringent
environmental standards of NOx emissions. This type of combustion exhibits a wide range of combustion dynamics,
induced by coupling between unsteady heat release and acoustic oscillations. This is often manifested as high
magnitude acoustic noise, known as thermo-acoustic instabilities, which were first investigated by Rayleigh [1]. The

Research assistant Professor, Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Cincinnati, ML
70, and 745 Baldwin Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, and AIAA Member.
2
Graduate Student, Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Cincinnati, ML70, 745
Baldwin Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, AIAA Student member.
3
Professor, Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Cincinnati, ML 70, and 745 Baldwin
Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, and AIAA Member.
1
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Copyright 2010 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

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