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Renaissance

RENAISSANCE
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Architecture

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ARCHITECTURE

15 TO 18 CENTURY
RENAISSANCE known as Rebirth or Revival of the Roman Classical Arts.
SALIENT CHARACTERISTIC OF THE STYLE
1. Reintroduction of the (5) Classical Roman Orders of Architecture.
Standardized by Ren. Archt,s; Palliado, Vignola, Scamozzi & Chambers.
a. Doric
d. Composite
b. Ionic
e. Tuscan
c. Corinthian
2. Use of the rusticated masonry.
3. Parapets are usually with balusters.
4. Dome on a drum.
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
DIGNITY & FORMALITY shown through symmetry .
PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT OF RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE IN EUROPE
A. ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
1. Early period Transition Period
2. High Ren. or Proto Baroque Period
3. Baroque Period
4. Neo Classical or Antiquarian Phase
B. FRENCH RENAISSANCE
1. Early Period
2. Classical period
3. Late period
C. GERMAN RENAISSANCE
1. Early Renaissance
2. Proto Baroque Pd.
3. Baroque Pd.
4. Rococo Pd.
5. Antiquarian Pd.

D. ENGLISH RENAISSANCE
1. Early Period
a.) Elizabethan Architecture
b.) Jacobean Architecture
2. Late Period
a.) Stuart Architecture
1. Inigo Jones Phase
2. Sir Christopher Wrens
b.) Georgian Architecture
1. Anglo Palladian Phase

ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
15 TH CENTURY

RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE birth place in Florence , Italy in the 15th Century.

ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES

1 ) CHURCHES
a. ST. PETER BASILICA most important bldg. in Italian Renaissance.
Largest church in the World.
FAMOUS ARCHITECTS & BUILDERS OF ST. PETER BASILICA
1. DONATO BRAMANTE designed the original plan (Greek Cross).
- first Roman Renaissance Archt.
2. RAPHAEL (Rafaello Sanzio) proposed a Latin Cross Plan
3. MICHAELANGELO BUONARROTTI presented a Greek Cross Plan &
strengthened the piers of the dome.
- redesigned the surroundings.
- commenced the construction of the Greek Dome.
4. CARLO MADERNA- lengthened the nave to form a Lattin Cross & added a gigantic faade.
5. GIOVANNI LORENZO BERNINI design the entrance Piazza w/284 Ionic columns.
6. GIACOMO BARROZI da VIGNOLA added only side domes / cupolas.
7. ANTONIO da SANGALLO younger brother of GUILIANO, altered the plan of
PERUZZI. - extended the vestibule in the West Faade.
8. GUILIANO da SANGALLO
9. BALDASSARE PERUZZI
10. FRA GIOCONDO
11. GIACOMO della PORTA
12. DOMENICO FONTANA

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b. MEDICI. CHAPEL, Florence by: MichaelAngelo Buonarrotti.

c. S. LORENZO, Florence by: Fillipo Bruneleschi famous archt. in Florence
d. S. MARIA della CANCELLERIA, Rome by: Donato Bramante famous archt. in Rome
e. BASILICA VICENZA, Venice by: Andrea Palladio famous archt. of Venice.
2 ) PALACES also termed PALAIS .
a. VATICAN PALACE , Rome by : Donato Bramante largest palace in Italy.
b. PALAZZO RICARDI , Florence by : Michelozzo Michelozzi.
c. PALAZZO FARNESE , Rome by : Sangallo grandest palace of the period
- top storey added by : Michaelangelo Buonarrotti
d. PALAZZO PITTI, Florence by: Fillipo Bruneleschi 2nd largest palace in Italy.

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TERMINOLOGIES:
1. RUSTICATION a method of forming a stone work w/ roughened surface & recessed joints.
2. CORTILE Italian name for internal court surrounded by an arcade.
3. ASTYLAR a treatment of faade without column.
4. PIANO NOBILE several steps going up & 3 steps going down before the
principal flooring of an Italian palace.
5. PIETRA SERENA a blue grey stone of fine quality.
6. PIETA FORTE a brown stone more suitable for exterior work.
7. CANTORIA a singers gallery or choir.

FRENCH RENAISSANCE
FRENCH RENAISSANCE was delayed for 75 yrs.
ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES :
A. CHATEAU OR CHATEAUX castle, residence for noble families.
e. g.
Chateau de Blois for Lous XII by Francis I & Francois Mansart.
Chateau de Bury
Chateau de Chambord by Domenico de Cortona

B. PALAIS - palace
e. g.
Palais de Fontainebleau by Le Breton
Palais de Versailles
Palais de Louvre
C. CHURCH
e. g.
Church of the Val de Grace, Paris
Church of the Sorbonne, Paris by Pierre Lescot, Da Oers
D. OTHER BLDG. STRUCTURES
e. g.
Dome of the Invalides, Paris
Pantheon, Paris
Opera House, Paris by Charles Garnier

TERMINOLOGIES
1. QUIONS hard stone or brick used w/ similar ones to reinforce an external corner
or edge of a wall.
2. SCROLL contains spiral wind band or volutes.
3. WREATH or Swag or Festoon, twisted band, garland or chaplet representing flowers,
fruits, leaves for decoration.
4. CHAINES vertical stripe of a rusticated masonry.
5. BOSS a lump or knob, projected ornament at the intersection of the ribs of a ceiling.

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GERMAN RENAISSANCE
GERMAN RENAISSANCE was delayed for 125 yrs. in Renaissance
ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES:
1. HEIDELBERG CASTLE well exemplifies diff. Periods of the Renaissance.
2. THE RATHHAUS, Heilbronn
3. LOGGIA WALDSTEIN PALACE, Prague by Antonio & Petro Spezza.
4. TROJA PALACE, Prague
5. WALHALLA TEMPLE, Kansas Walhalla resemblance to Greek Parthenon.
6. OTTOBEUREN CHURCH
7. PILGRIMAGE CHURCH, Steinhausen
8. LINDERHOF GUILD HOUSE, built for Ludwig III of Bavaria.
9. THEATINE CHURCH, Munich
10. KARLSKIRCHE, Vienna
Interior of Pilgrimage church , Steinhousen

BELGIUM AND DUTCH RENAISSANCE

16th Century

NETHERLAND is a name which formerly embraced the whole of the Nederland

(Holland) & Belguim. Influenced by the Italian, French & German renaissance.
ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES :
1. TOWN HALL, Antwerp important prototype of Belgian Early Renaissance Architecture.
2. GUILDHOUSE, Brussels company house for farmers & trade.
3. S. MICHAEL, Louvain good example of Baroque style.
4. TOWHALL, Desden most successful renaissance of Holland treatment.
5. TOWNHALL, Leyden.

SPANISH RENAISSANCE
16TH TO 18TH CENTURY

SPANISH RENAISSANCE was influence by two civilizations, Moslem & the Christians.
ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES :
1. THE CASA de las CONCHAS, Salamanca. 4. THE UNIVERSITY of Salamanca
2. GRANADA CATHL one of the grandest
5. THE ESCOLIAR, Madrid
church in Southern Spain by: Die de Sili
6. BARCELONA, CATHEDRAL
3. THE ALCAZAR, Toledo
7. BURGOS, CATHEDRAL

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ENGLISH RENAISSANCE
16TH TO 19TH CENTURY

ENGLAND was the last country to fall under the influence of the Movement.
ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES :
1. Under the Early Period (Elizabethan Architecture)
CHIEF STRUCTURE
a. ELIZABETHAN MANSION FEATURES:
1.) Grand Staircase adjacent to the hall, approach to the rooms above.
2.) Great Hall or State central position, connecting all the parts of the mansion
3.) Long Gallery most striking feature of the mansion.
4.) Withdrawing Room or solar room, similar to living room.
2. Under the Late Period (Stuart Architecture)
WORKS OF INIGO JONES
a. BANQUETING HOUSE, WHITEHALL, LONDON
b. QUEENS HOUSE, GREENWICH - influenced by Palladian Architecture.
WORKS OF SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN
a. ST. PAULS CATHEDRAL, LONDON Wrens Masterpiece, Greatest
English Renaissance bldg.
b. HAMPTON COURT PALACE
c. GREENWICH HOSPITAL

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C A T

AUSTRALIAN ARCHITECTURE

17th Century

Smallest continent, known as the country down under. With its Capital Canberra
CITIES :
1. Northern Australia w/ Capital Darwin
2. Southern Australia w/ Capital Adelaide
3. New South wales w/ Capital Sydney

4. Victoria w/ Capital - Melbourne

5. Queensland w/ Capital - Brisbane
6. Western

Natural Barriers:
1. South Pacific Ocean
2. Tasmanian Sea

3. Indian Sea
4. Arafura Sea

5. Arctic Ocean

Discovered by Portuguese navigator Luis de Torres in 1606. Autralia had no permanent

European settlement until after Captain James Cook took possibility possession of New
South Wales in the name of the British Crown in 1770. The colony was initially a petal
settlement. The city of Sydney was founded in 1788, & Melbourne in 1835. Australias first
Architect was Francis Greenway (1777-1837).
EXAMPLE OF AUSTRALIAN STRUCTURES
1. Opera House in Sydney by Archt. Jorn Utzon

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2. University of Sydney

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RUSSIAN RENAISSANCE
16TH TO 17TH CENTURY

RUSSIAN RENAISSANCE emerged in Moscow where in Ivan III the first ruler
to take the title Tsar and sent Italian Archts to reconstruct the kremlin.

ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES :
1. ST. PETERSBURG, Leningrad by: Bartolomeo Rastrelli Baroque ex.
2. THE EKATERININSKY PALACE, Palaca
3. CHURCH OF THE INTERCESSION OF THE HOLY VIRGIN, Moscow
4. FORMER GENERAL STAFF HEADQUARTERS, Leningrad
5. ST. BASIL CATHEDRAL , Moscow

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