Isothermic calculation of a Stirling engine: alpha, beta or gamma.

(Author: Jean-Pierre Van Dormael e-mail : JP.VANDORMAEL@SKYNET.BE

december 2002

Tr

This Excel program consists of three sheets: the first contains an introduction and the used theory, the seco
contains tables of calculation. The user is supposed to know the operating of a Stirling engine.
Contrary to usual practice, we have used the capital letters P and V for the pressure p and volume v in the

Introduction.

For alpha-type engines, there are two piston engines operating with a crankshaft, which are respectively in
are a power piston, which transmits power to the crankshaft and a displacer which moves the gas between
.
For beta engines, the piston and the displacer are in the same cylinder. This design complicates constructio
the displacer because they move in a common area.

In gamma engines, the piston and the displacer are in separated cylinders. This allows greater flexibility in t
The method of calculation used is similar to the Schmidt method but it does not need to define the multiple
With the spreadsheet, we can use numerical integration with an accuracy as good as we wish. The calculat
of the Schmidt method using an arithmetic mean when we use an effective average temperature calculated

The pressure P is uniform throughout the engine. This is valid only if the pressure losses in the exchangers

Theory

We choose to apply the ideal gas equation: PV=mRT (1) which is, for a first approximation, sufficient for th
The engine is divided into three volumes: the cold volume in which the power piston moves and which cont
piston for type alpha engine), and the volume of the regenerator.
It is assumed that the gas in the hot and cold volumes is maintained at constant temperatures: Tb (low="ba
analysis.

The temperature of gas in the regenerator is equal to the effective average temperature Tmr=(Th-Tb)/ln(Th
formula is calculated assuming that the temperature in the regenerator moves linearly from Tb to Th. The d
space into thin slices, the average temperature will be Tmr= (T1*m1 + T2*m2 + ... +Tn*mn)/(m1 + m2 + ...
temperatures of gas of successive slices .In passing to the limit (ie., taking an infinite number of infinitely th
find the formula used to Tmr. .

In reality, the average temperature of gas in the regenerator is higher when the gas moves from hot zone to
inherent in exchanger design. This difference in temperature which allows the heat to flow from the gas to t
design of the exchanger and on the nature of the gas. It possible to seize an estimated value of this temper
The volumes at low and high temperatures vary depending on the positions of pistons.
The volume Vcom common is the volume swept by the engine piston and the displacer in a beta engine. In
engine gamma. If it is positive, the engine is a beta type. It is also zero for an engine alpha.

If the rods are sufficiently long compared to the stroke, their movements may be regarded as a sine function
This angle phi is zero when the first engine piston is at top dead centre.
The movement of the displacer (or second piston for an alpha type) is shifted of an angle psi compared to t

This angle psi is negative for a back shift, and positive for a forward shift in comparaison with the first piston
(or the second piston for a alpha engine) is above the power piston .I.e. that the displacer (or the second pi
The volume at high temperature is: Vh=(Vd/2)*(1-cos(phi+psi)) + Vdeadhot where Vd is the displacer volu
the hot dead volume which contains the heater.
.

The volume at cold temperature ist: Vb=(Vm/2)*(1-cos(alpha))+(Vd/2)*(1+cos(alpha+phi)) + Vmortm - Vc

Vdeadcold the cold dead volume which contains the cooler, Vcom the common volume swept by the two p
displacer. Vcom and (Vd/2)*(1+cos(alpha+phi)) are equal to zero for an alpha engine. (see below)
The constant volume of the regenerator is: Vr.
At any time, the total volume is V=Vh+Vb+Vr (4) and the total mass of gas is m=mh+mb+mr (5). The indic
temperature, and the one of the regenerator
With the ideal gas law, we can write for all three volumes: P*Vh=mh*R*Th, P*Vc=mc*R*Tc et P*Vr=mr*R
regenerator compared to the theoretical average.
The three masses are: mh=P*Vh/(R*Th) (6), mb=P*Vb/(R*Tb) (7) and mr=P*Vr/(R*(Tmr+dT)) (8) , for, r
volume.
The total mass of gas ist: m=Po*Vmax/(R*To) (9) where Po, Vmax and To are the pressure, the volume an
.During this filling, the internal volume is maximal. Vmax is calculated with V =Vh+Vc+Vr (10).
By replacing the values of masses of gas in the equation (5) by those given by equations (6), (7) and (8) we
Po*Vmax/T0 = P*(Vh/Th+Vc/Tc+Vr/(Tmr+dT)) which give us the pressure value P =(Po*Vmax/To)/(Vh/Th
Remark: the pressure is independent of R (and therefore of the type of gas) for a filling pressure.
By integrating on a complete cycle P*dV, we get the engine work, expressed in joule, per a rotation.
For convenience, we integrate P * dV numerically by computing V each 5 degrees for example. dV is the di
between two steps.
For one cycle, we get the energy expressed in Joule.
By multiplying it by the speed of rotation, we get the power expressed in Watt.

In practice.
Now, click on the tab "Data and results".Enter the variables of your engine (area on a green background).
Thanks to the "value target" function in the "Tools" of Excel, you can find the variables necessary for obtaini
necessary for obtaining an expected power, or the capacity for a particular average pressure, and so on.
Finally, it must be remembered, the results are theoretical. The differences are mainly due to the fact that th
that the pressure losses induce changes in pressure depending on the flow of gas. Taking into account thes
and their mutual influences.
Note: It seems that the theory of Schmidt published by Khirata contains an error in calculating volumes.

The data to be included are red on a green background (column "values to be seized, lines 7 to 19). The other data are calculated.
The useful results appear lines 30 to 35
The data to seize are expressed as usual (cc, degrees Celsius, kg / cm ). The calculations are done in International System (meter, newton,
joule, watt, second, pascal).

Initial data
PARAMETERS

VALUES to be seized

Usual UNITS

COMMENTS

TRANSPOSED
VALUES

S.I. UNITS

Initial data
1
100 cm3

Engine type=?
Cylinder capacity Vm= ?
Displacement volume Vd= ?

50 cm3

Cold dead volume Vdeadcold = ?

10 cm3

Hot dead volume Vdeadhot= ?

10 cm3

Common volume swept by the two

pistons Vcom= ?

14 cm3

Regenerator volume Vr=

20 cm3
800 C
20 C

Hot temperature Th=

Cold temprature Tc=

(0=alpha, 1=bta or gamma)

(volume swept by the displacer or the second piston of an alpha
engine)

0.00005 m3

This volume contains the cooler.

0.00001 m3

This volume contains the heater.

0.00001 m3

Vcom common is the volume swept by the two pistons in

the case of a beta engine, in deduction from the cold dead
volume.

0.000014 m3
0.00002 m3
1073 K
293 K

That is the difference in the average temperature of the regenerator

compared to the theoretical average temperature between the
outward and return of the gas

Temprature diffrence of the

rgnrateur dT=

12 C

Phase angle difference for the

displacer psi=

90 degrs
4.99 kg/cm2

Internal pressure before running Po=

0.0001 m3

(volume swept by the piston engine)

12 K
1.5707963268 radian

This is the filling pressure before running.

489421.4781193 pascal

3000 rpm

Rotation speed=

50 r/sec (Hz)

Calculation:
PARAMETERS

CALCULATED
VALUES

Volume maximum Vmax=

Po*Vmax/To=

S.I, units
CALCULATED
VALUES
0.000176 m3

176 cm3
(initial conditions during filling at room temperature:
To=20C=293K)

0.293986963

= Th + Tc / 2

Arithmetic average=

683 K

= Th - Tc / Log Nperien Th / Tc

Average temperature in the

regenerator Tm=
Vr/Tm=

COMMENTS

Usual units

3.328310599E-008

600.91 K

= Th + Tc / 2

PRACTICAL RESULTS:
Alpha engine
2,094.13 watt
1,181,501 pascal
Average pressure:
2,333,227 pascal
Max pressure:
599,396 pascal
Min pressure:
Calculated power:

2.81 cv
12.04 kg/cm
23.78 kg/cm
6.11 kg/cm

Piston positions for a beta engine (top of the piston engine and bottom of the displacer).

If square cylinder (bore=stroke).

Diam. Pist. Engine.=

5.03 cm

0.0503 m

Area of piston=

19.88 cm

0.00199 m

Diam. Pist. displacer.=

Area=

3.99 cm
12.52 cm

0.0399 m
0.00125 m

PV diagramm.
25.00

8
20.00

7
15.00
Pre s s ion in k g/cm

4
3

10.00

5.00

1
0

Angle of rotation in degrees.

76
76.1902650954
76.7596123494
77.7037086855
79.0153689607
80.6846106482
82.6987298108
85.0423977856
87.6977778441
90.6446609407
93.8606195157
97.3211781824
101
104.869086913
108.8989928337
113.0590477449
117.3175911167
121.6422128626
126
130.3577871374
134.6824088833
138.9409522551
143.1010071663
147.130913087
151
154.6788218176
158.1393804843
161.3553390593
164.3022221559
166.9576022145
169.3012701892
171.3153893518
172.9846310393
174.2962913145
175.2403876506
175.8097349046
176

0.00

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360

Position in cm.

Volume in cm

Alpha in
degrees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320

Alpha in
radians

COS(alpha)

0
0.08726646
0.17453293
0.26179939
0.34906585
0.43633231
0.52359878
0.61086524
0.6981317
0.78539816
0.87266463
0.95993109
1.04719755
1.13446401
1.22173048
1.30899694
1.3962634
1.48352986
1.57079633
1.65806279
1.74532925
1.83259571
1.91986218
2.00712864
2.0943951
2.18166156
2.26892803
2.35619449
2.44346095
2.53072742
2.61799388
2.70526034
2.7925268
2.87979327
2.96705973
3.05432619
3.14159265
3.22885912
3.31612558
3.40339204
3.4906585
3.57792497
3.66519143
3.75245789
3.83972435
3.92699082
4.01425728
4.10152374
4.1887902
4.27605667
4.36332313
4.45058959
4.53785606
4.62512252
4.71238898
4.79965544
4.88692191
4.97418837
5.06145483
5.14872129
5.23598776
5.32325422
5.41052068
5.49778714
5.58505361

1
0.996194698
0.984807753
0.965925826
0.939692621
0.906307787
0.866025404
0.819152044
0.766044443
0.707106781
0.64278761
0.573576436
0.5
0.422618262
0.342020143
0.258819045
0.173648178
0.087155743
017
-0.087155743
-0.173648178
-0.258819045
-0.342020143
-0.422618262
-0.5
-0.573576436
-0.64278761
-0.707106781
-0.766044443
-0.819152044
-0.866025404
-0.906307787
-0.939692621
-0.965925826
-0.984807753
-0.996194698
-1
-0.996194698
-0.984807753
-0.965925826
-0.939692621
-0.906307787
-0.866025404
-0.819152044
-0.766044443
-0.707106781
-0.64278761
-0.573576436
-0.5
-0.422618262
-0.342020143
-0.258819045
-0.173648178
-0.087155743
-1.8370E-016
0.087155743
0.173648178
0.258819045
0.342020143
0.422618262
0.5
0.573576436
0.64278761
0.707106781
0.766044443

COS(alpha+
phi)
6.1232E-017
-0.08715574
-0.17364818
-0.25881905
-0.34202014
-0.42261826
-0.5
-0.57357644
-0.64278761
-0.70710678
-0.76604444
-0.81915204
-0.8660254
-0.90630779
-0.93969262
-0.96592583
-0.98480775
-0.9961947
-1
-0.9961947
-0.98480775
-0.96592583
-0.93969262
-0.90630779
-0.8660254
-0.81915204
-0.76604444
-0.70710678
-0.64278761
-0.57357644
-0.5
-0.42261826
-0.34202014
-0.25881905
-0.17364818
-0.08715574
-1.837E-016
0.087155743
0.173648178
0.258819045
0.342020143
0.422618262
0.5
0.573576436
0.64278761
0.707106781
0.766044443
0.819152044
0.866025404
0.906307787
0.939692621
0.965925826
0.984807753
0.996194698
1
0.996194698
0.984807753
0.965925826
0.939692621
0.906307787
0.866025404
0.819152044
0.766044443
0.707106781
0.64278761

Vh en m3
0.000035
3.7179E-005
3.9341E-005
4.1470E-005
4.3551E-005
4.5565E-005
0.0000475
4.9339E-005
5.1070E-005
5.2678E-005
5.4151E-005
5.5479E-005
5.6651E-005
5.7658E-005
5.8492E-005
5.9148E-005
5.9620E-005
5.9905E-005
0.00006
5.9905E-005
5.9620E-005
5.9148E-005
5.8492E-005
5.7658E-005
5.6651E-005
5.5479E-005
5.4151E-005
5.2678E-005
5.1070E-005
4.9339E-005
0.0000475
4.5565E-005
4.3551E-005
4.1470E-005
3.9341E-005
3.7179E-005
0.000035
3.2821E-005
3.0659E-005
2.8530E-005
2.6449E-005
2.4435E-005
0.0000225
2.0661E-005
1.8930E-005
1.7322E-005
1.5849E-005
1.4521E-005
1.3349E-005
1.2342E-005
1.1508E-005
1.0852E-005
1.0380E-005
1.0095E-005
0.00001
1.0095E-005
1.0380E-005
1.0852E-005
1.1508E-005
1.2342E-005
1.3349E-005
1.4521E-005
1.5849E-005
1.7322E-005
1.8930E-005

Vb en m3
0.000021
1.90114E-005
1.74184E-005
1.62332E-005
1.54649E-005
1.51192E-005
1.51987E-005
0.000015703
1.66281E-005
0.000017967
1.97095E-005
2.18424E-005
2.43494E-005
2.72114E-005
3.04067E-005
3.39109E-005
3.76974E-005
4.17373E-005
0.000046
5.04529E-005
5.50622E-005
5.97928E-005
6.46087E-005
6.94732E-005
7.43494E-005
0.0000792
8.39883E-005
8.86777E-005
9.32325E-005
9.76182E-005
0.0001018013
0.0001057499
0.0001094341
0.0001128258
0.0001158992
0.0001186308
0.000121
0.0001229886
0.0001245816
0.0001257668
0.0001265351
0.0001268808
0.0001268013
0.000126297
0.0001253719
0.000124033
0.0001222905
0.0001201576
0.0001176506
0.0001147886
0.0001115933
0.0001080891
0.0001043026
0.0001002627
0.000096
9.15471E-005
8.69378E-005
8.22072E-005
7.73913E-005
7.25268E-005
6.76506E-005
0.0000628
5.80117E-005
5.33223E-005
4.87675E-005

Vh/Th
3.26188E-008
3.46495E-008
3.66647E-008
3.86491E-008
4.05876E-008
4.24655E-008
4.42684E-008
0.000000046
4.75952E-008
4.90938E-008
5.04670E-008
5.17044E-008
5.27965E-008
5.37350E-008
5.45129E-008
5.51241E-008
5.55640E-008
5.58293E-008
5.59180E-008
5.58293E-008
5.55640E-008
5.51241E-008
5.45129E-008
5.37350E-008
5.27965E-008
5.17044E-008
5.04670E-008
4.90938E-008
4.75952E-008
0.000000046
4.42684E-008
4.24655E-008
4.05876E-008
3.86491E-008
3.66647E-008
3.46495E-008
3.26188E-008
3.05882E-008
2.85730E-008
2.65886E-008
2.46500E-008
2.27722E-008
0.000000021
1.92550E-008
1.76424E-008
1.61438E-008
1.47706E-008
1.35333E-008
1.24412E-008
1.15026E-008
1.07248E-008
1.01136E-008
9.67363E-009
9.40832E-009
9.31966E-009
9.40832E-009
9.67363E-009
1.01136E-008
1.07248E-008
1.15026E-008
1.24412E-008
1.35333E-008
1.47706E-008
1.61438E-008
1.76424E-008

Vb/Tb
7.16724E-008
6.48852E-008
5.94485E-008
5.54035E-008
5.27811E-008
5.16012E-008
5.18728E-008
5.35938E-008
5.67512E-008
6.13208E-008
6.72679E-008
7.45474E-008
8.31036E-008
9.28716E-008
1.03777E-007
1.15737E-007
1.28660E-007
1.42448E-007
0.000000157
1.72194E-007
1.87926E-007
2.04071E-007
2.20507E-007
2.37110E-007
2.53752E-007
2.70307E-007
2.86649E-007
3.02654E-007
3.18200E-007
3.33168E-007
3.47445E-007
3.60921E-007
3.73495E-007
3.85071E-007
3.95560E-007
4.04883E-007
0.000000413
4.19756E-007
4.25193E-007
4.29238E-007
4.31861E-007
0.000000433
4.32769E-007
0.000000431
4.27890E-007
4.23321E-007
4.17374E-007
4.10094E-007
4.01538E-007
3.91770E-007
3.80865E-007
3.68905E-007
0.000000356
3.42193E-007
3.27645E-007
3.12447E-007
2.96716E-007
2.80571E-007
2.64134E-007
2.47532E-007
2.30890E-007
2.14334E-007
0.000000198
0.000000182
1.66442E-007

dT
0
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12

Tr
600.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
612.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905

P
(pascal)
2,136,932
2,224,374
2,283,489
2,320,631
2,333,227
2,320,373
2,282,992
2,223,671
2,146,237
2,055,191
1,955,137
1,850,334
1,744,403
1,640,203
1,539,832
1,444,707
1,355,681
1,273,172
1,197,278
1,127,877
1,064,703
1,007,403
955,583
908,836
866,758
828,966
795,101
764,835
737,870
713,938
692,803
674,254
658,109
644,212
632,425
622,637
614,753
607,027
602,769
600,233
599,396
600,250
602,804
607,080
613,119
620,978
630,730
642,470
656,308
672,379
690,839
711,868
735,673
762,487
792,576
826,231
863,776
905,563
951,968
1,003,384
1,060,207
1,122,821
1,191,561
1,266,680
1,348,282

P for
V for
P for graph. graph.
graph.
from 0 to
from 180
180
to 360
V (m3) V (cm)
dV
P*dV
21.78
21.78
0.000076
76
0
0
22.67
20.77 7.619E-005
76.19 1.90E-007 0.41490218
23.28
19.77 7.676E-005
76.76 5.69E-007 1.28326967
23.66
18.72 7.770E-005
77.70 9.44E-007 2.17336632
23.78
17.65 7.902E-005
79.02 1.31E-006 3.05213987
23.65
16.61 8.068E-005
80.68 1.67E-006 3.88399123
23.27
15.60 8.270E-005
82.70 2.01E-006 4.63586289
22.67
14.64 8.504E-005
85.04 2.34E-006 5.28106073
21.88
13.74 8.770E-005
87.70 2.66E-006 5.80188343
20.95
12.91 9.064E-005
90.64 2.95E-006 6.19055858
19.93
12.15 9.386E-005
93.86 3.22E-006 6.44852398
18.86
11.45 9.732E-005
97.32 3.46E-006 6.5845275
17.78
10.81
0.000101 101.00 3.68E-006 6.61219765
16.72
10.23 0.00010487 104.87 3.87E-006 6.54766717
15.70
9.70 0.0001089 108.90 4.03E-006 6.4076222
14.73
9.23 0.00011306 113.06 4.16E-006 6.20792458
13.82
8.81 0.00011732 117.32 4.26E-006 5.96278765
12.98
8.42 0.00012164 121.64 4.32E-006 5.68439778
12.20
8.08
0.000126 126.00 4.36E-006 5.38284856
11.50
7.77 0.00013036 130.36 4.36E-006 5.06626719
10.85
7.50 0.00013468 134.68 4.32E-006 4.74104036
10.27
7.26 0.00013894 138.94 4.26E-006 4.41207647
9.74
7.04 0.0001431 143.10 4.16E-006 4.08306565
9.26
6.85 0.00014713 147.13 4.03E-006 3.75671681
8.84
6.69
0.000151 151.00 3.87E-006 3.4349629
8.45
6.55 0.00015468 154.68 3.68E-006 3.11913243
8.11
6.43 0.00015814 158.14 3.46E-006 2.81008943
7.80
6.33 0.00016136 161.36 3.22E-006 2.50834554
7.52
6.25 0.0001643 164.30 2.95E-006 2.21414851
7.28
6.19 0.00016696 166.96 2.66E-006 1.92755151
7.06
6.14 0.0001693 169.30 2.34E-006 1.64846683
6.87
6.12 0.00017132 171.32 2.01E-006 1.37670733
6.71
6.11 0.00017298 172.98 1.67E-006 1.1120182
6.57
6.12 0.0001743 174.30 1.31E-006 0.85410136
6.45
6.14 0.00017524 175.24 9.44E-007 0.60263404
6.35
6.19 0.00017581 175.81 5.69E-007 0.35728309
6.27
6.27
0.000176 176.00 1.90E-007 0.11771607
0.00017581 175.81 -1.90E-007 -0.1162311
0.00017524 175.24 -5.69E-007 -0.3443971
0.0001743 174.30 -9.44E-007 -0.5678749
0.00017298 172.98 -1.31E-006 -0.786753
0.00017132 171.32 -1.67E-006
-1.00125
0.0001693 169.30 -2.01E-006 -1.211547
0.00016696 166.96 -2.34E-006 -1.4177825
0.0001643 164.30 -2.66E-006 -1.6200457
0.00016136 161.36 -2.95E-006 -1.8183692
0.00015814 158.14 -3.22E-006 -2.0127205
0.00015468 154.68 -3.46E-006 -2.2029917
0.000151 151.00 -3.68E-006 -2.388986
0.00014713 147.13 -3.87E-006 -2.5704032
0.0001431 143.10 -4.03E-006 -2.7468203
0.00013894 138.94 -4.16E-006 -2.9176688
0.00013468 134.68 -4.26E-006 -3.0822073
0.00013036 130.36 -4.32E-006 -3.2394881
0.000126 126.00 -4.36E-006 -3.3883173
0.00012164 121.64 -4.36E-006 -3.5272071
0.00011732 117.32 -4.32E-006
-3.65432
0.00011306 113.06 -4.26E-006 -3.7674035
0.0001089 108.90 -4.16E-006 -3.8637154
0.00010487 104.87 -4.03E-006 -3.9399412
0.000101 101.00 -3.87E-006 -3.9921058
9.732E-005
97.32 -3.68E-006 -4.015485
9.386E-005
93.86 -3.46E-006 -4.0045268
9.064E-005
90.64 -3.22E-006 -3.9528001
8.770E-005
87.70 -2.95E-006 -3.8529931

T en K
552
576
596
613
627
637
642
643
640
634
624
613
599
585
570
556
541
527
513
500
488
476
465
455
445
436
428
420
412
405
399
393
387
382
377
372
368
363
359
356
353
350
347
345
343
341
339
338
337
337
336
336
337
338
340
342
345
348
353
358
364
372
380
391
402

Position
Piston
engine
5.030796
5.021224
4.992581
4.945086
4.879099
4.795123
4.693797
4.575891
4.442305
4.294053
4.132265
3.958171
3.773097
3.578451
3.375715
3.166431
2.952192
2.734629
2.515398
2.296167
2.078604
1.864365
1.655081
1.452345
1.257699
1.072625
0.898531
0.736743
0.588491
0.454905
0.336999
0.235673
0.151697
0.08571
0.038215
0.009572
0
0.009572
0.038215
0.08571
0.151697
0.235673
0.336999
0.454905
0.588491
0.736743
0.898531
1.072625
1.257699
1.452345
1.655081
1.864365
2.078604
2.296167
2.515398
2.734629
2.952192
3.166431
3.375715
3.578451
3.773097
3.958171
4.132265
4.294053
4.442305

Position
Displacer
5.5841835507
5.4745678604
5.3657864116
5.258667097
5.1540251592
5.0526569864
4.9553340517
4.8627970415
4.7757502181
4.6948560606
4.6207302222
4.5539368454
4.4949842682
4.4443211551
4.4023330832
4.3693396069
4.3455918266
4.3312704772
4.3264845528
4.3312704772
4.3455918266
4.3693396069
4.4023330832
4.4443211551
4.4949842682
4.5539368454
4.6207302222
4.6948560606
4.7757502181
4.8627970415
4.9553340517
5.0526569864
5.1540251592
5.258667097
5.3657864116
5.4745678604
5.5841835507
5.693799241
5.8025806897
5.9097000043
6.0143419422
6.115710115
6.2130330496
6.3055700599
6.3926168832
6.4735110408
6.5476368791
6.6144302559
6.6733828332
6.7240459462
6.7660340182
6.7990274945
6.8227752748
6.8370966242
6.8418825486
6.8370966242
6.8227752748
6.7990274945
6.7660340182
6.7240459462
6.6733828332
6.6144302559
6.5476368791
6.4735110408
6.3926168832

66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73

325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360

5.67232007
5.75958653
5.84685299
5.93411946
6.02138592
6.10865238
6.19591884
6.28318531

0.819152044
0.866025404
0.906307787
0.939692621
0.965925826
0.984807753
0.996194698
1

0.573576436
0.5
0.422618262
0.342020143
0.258819045
0.173648178
0.087155743
3.0616E-016

2.0661E-005
0.0000225
2.4435E-005
2.6449E-005
2.8530E-005
3.0659E-005
3.2821E-005
0.000035

4.43818E-005
4.01987E-005
3.62501E-005
3.25659E-005
2.91742E-005
2.61008E-005
2.33692E-005
0.000021

1.92550E-008
0.000000021
2.27722E-008
2.46500E-008
2.65886E-008
2.85730E-008
3.05882E-008
3.26188E-008

1.51474E-007
1.37197E-007
1.23720E-007
1.11146E-007
9.95706E-008
8.90813E-008
7.97582E-008
7.16724E-008

-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
-12
0

588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
588.905
600.905
Pmoy
Pmin
Pmax

1,436,254
1,530,165
1,629,153
1,731,804
1,836,036
1,939,029
2,037,223
2,136,932
1,181,501
599,396
2,333,227

8.504E-005
8.270E-005
8.068E-005
7.902E-005
7.770E-005
7.676E-005
7.619E-005
0.000076
Vmax=
0.000176

85.04
82.70
80.68
79.02
77.70
76.76
76.19
76.00

-2.66E-006
-2.34E-006
-2.01E-006
-1.67E-006
-1.31E-006
-9.44E-007
-5.69E-007
-1.90E-007

-3.6970013
415 4.575891
-3.4761514
430 4.693797
-3.181622
447 4.795123
-2.8051246
465 4.879099
-2.3398969
485 4.945086
-1.7820126
506 4.992581
-1.1319341
528 5.021224
-0.397098
552 5.030796
41.8826633 joule / tour
2094.13316 watt

6.3055700599
6.2130330496
6.115710115
6.0143419422
5.9097000043
5.8025806897
5.693799241
5.5841835507