CU-TEP Mock Exam 3

Error Recognition
1. Winter, a six-year-old dolphin at the Clearwater Marine Aquarium in Florida, lost her tail when she was
1
2
three months and now uses a prosthetic tail made especially for it.
3
4
2. Each morning they and their 18-month-son Reuben are joined by pet camel Joe, who poked his head
1
2
3
through their conservatory window to help himself find something to eat.
4
3. Kitler, a kitten enough small to fit in a cup with a remarkable resemblance to Hitler, is looking for a
1
2
home after being found abandoned at the side of a busy road.
3
4
4. Because it is so heavily tapped for agriculture, industry, and municipal uses along its course, the
1
2
Colorado River rarely never reaches its delta and the Gulf of California.
3
4
5. More people have come to appreciate the vital role the river acts on both sides of the border. There is
1
2
a grown interest in removing some of the dams along its path, including the controversial Glen Canyon
3
4
Dam near the Grand Canyon.
6. This coral is 500 year old, but the species was unknown to science before Salas discovery.
1
2
3
4
7. The mushroom coral uses this amazing Technicolor mouth to feast on something no other corals is
1
2
3
known to favoradult jellyfish.
4
8. The canal was constructed in the 17th century as a shortcut from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic
in order that avoid the long sea voyage around hostile Spain in pirate-infested waters.
1
2
3
4
9. A little girls are playing with the mist showers at Paris Plages at the end of a summer day.
1
2
3
4
10. The Moulin Rouge cabaret is located closely to Montmartre in the Paris red-light district of Pigalle and
1
2
is best known as the spiritual birthplace of the modern form of the can-can dance.
3
4

11. Springtime brings such beautiful moods in the morning, especially at the top of this hill where you can
1
2
visit this nice church. Free and open every day and night.
3
4
12. Right now, the US Congress is debating a law that will give them the power to censor the world's
1
2
internet creating a blacklist that may target YouTube and WikiLeaks.
3
4
13. Our oceans are dying, our air changing, and our forests and grasslands turning to desserts. From fish and
1
plants to wildlife to human beings, we are killing the planet that sustains us.
2
3
4
14. The crazy focus on short term profits that motivates countries to stall and scuttle action on a climate
1
2
crisis that literally threaten the survival of all of us cannot be tolerated.
3
4
15. Credit cards are simple to use, but consumers have a lot of choice in exactly how they use them.
1
2
3
Differences among cards provide even more choices to consumers.
4
16. Nat Geo has combed a globe to find Adventurers of the Year, each selected for extraordinary
1
2
3
achievement in exploration, conservation, and adventure sports.
4
17. The English Lab, housed in the Administration building, which consists of two adjoining rooms
1
2
3
which contain 70 Macintosh computers, 15 Apple IIe computers and 3 laser printers.
4
18. After the disasters on March 11, tens of thousands were ordered to leave their homes in the vicinity of
1
2
3
the damaged nuclear plant. Their footprints now frozen in the mud.
4
19. The vertiginous infinity pool at the Marina Bay Sands resort offers a sweeping view of Singapore, a
1
country that is achieved success while building up instead of out.
2
3
4
20. Seouls electrifying growth, from impoverished war-torn capital in the 1950s to economic powerhouse,
1
2
has turned its cityscape into a dense grid of houses and office towers. Its transformation will prove that
3
4
rapid growth can bring rapid wealth.

21. Despite stiff penalties for illegal entering to the zone, some animal rescuers defied restrictions as they
1
2
sought to aid pets and farm animals that had been left behind.
3
4
22. The blended wing body can become a popular template for commercial passenger planes in
1
2
the coming decades because of its fuel-saving potential, according from a new report by IMechE.
3
4
23. These apartment rooms in the 25-story Evergreen Tower are identical, but each family adds humanizing
1
2
touches to its 150-square-foot living roomsfrom trophies and wedding pictures to a cuckoo clock.
3
4
24. Due to engineering advances, a supersonic airplane can be built much better and much cheaper today.
1
2
The Concorde is ahead of its time in terms of its engine design and the materials.
3
4
25. One argument for commercial mid-air refueling is that it would help make planes more energy-efficient,
1
2
3
because it wouldn't have to take off with full tanks.
4
26. The Asia Pacific Scholarship Consortium is an informal network of universities in Thailand, Hong
Kong, Malaysia and Philippines that aims to facilitate scholarships in high quality postgraduate
1
2
courses for individuals who require financial support to study.
3
4
27. Samsung Group has a corporate responsibility for South Korea, forming a vital core part of the South
1
2
Korean economy. If the companys able to run at this rate until the next decade, it would account for
3
4
more than 20% of the nation's total exports.
28. Despite the government and the Ministry of National Defense explain that we need to strengthen
1
defense capabilities to control the sea, judging from a variety of evidence, it's highly likely that Jeju
2
3
4
Island will become the centre of a dispute between the US and China.
29. Nonviolence is mainly understood by a strategy, as a way of ensuring that their protest actions are
1
2
3
embraced by the society and the media.
4
30. Look around and you will be surprising at how much our everyday life depends on one thing: oil.

Cloze Test
Many people laugh contemptuously when they hear of siesta, the Spanish tradition of napping or
having a short period of sleep in the middle of the day. However, recently scientist indicated that the human
body ___1___ have an afternoon nap.
A wide range of scientific studies suggest that ___2___ a strong biological tendency for people to fall
asleep in the middle of the afternoon ___3___ they have had a full nights sleep. In a series of studies,
volunteers ___4___ in an underground room for weeks. They were completely isolated from all ___5___ of
time. The volunteers were told ___6___ whenever they wanted. Without any ___7___ to external time
measures, the volunteers tended to sleep in two time periods one long session at night and another shorter one
___8___ lasted for about 2 hours in the afternoon. The naps typically ___9___ 12 hours after the middle of the
longer period of sleep.
___10___ source of evidence is the napping behavior of children. ___11___ with the frequent naps all
through the day, children give up the last nap in the middle of the afternoon. ___12___, there is repeated
evidence that performance drops in the mid afternoon and accidents _13_from sleepiness increase at this time.
___14___, rather than being a function of any culture, naps seem to be a(n) ___15___ human need. Now
you dont need to feel guilty about your afternoon snooze!
1.

1. meant to

2.

meant for

3.

was meant to

4.

was meant for

2.

1. it is

2.

there is

3.

it has

4.

there are

3.

1. even if

2.

regardless of

3.

Despite

4.

whether

4.

1. were put

2.

should be put

3.

were putting

4.

should have been put

5.

1. scales

2.

pointers

3.

Criteria

4.

indicators

6.

1. not to sleep

2.

not to be sleeping

3.

to sleep

4.

to be sleeping

7.

1. referral

2.

referring

3.

Reference

4.

being referred

8.

1. only

2.

entirely

3.

When

4.

which

9.

1. followed

2.

happened

3.

Appeared

4.

woke up

10. 1. Another

2.

Others

3.

Other

4.

The others

11. 1. Begin

2.

Begun

3.

Began

4.

Beginning

12. 1. Nonetheless

2.

Additionally

3.

After all

4.

In contrast

13. 1. result

2.

resulting

3.

as a result

4.

resulted

14. 1. Thus

2.

Similarly

3.

On the other hand

4.

Consequently

15. 1. inborn

2.

insufficient

3.

artificial

4.

traditional

Reading Comprehension

Burma is an undeveloped country full of natural resources. However, the present reform movement
seems to be content to vent its hot air through the foreign press and petty "rallies" while the few in power
carefully sell all the national treasures, including timber, natural gas and gems, for their own benefit.
The South Africans found their country finally in the power of the majority, only to find out that they
inherited a country empty of all of its former wealth. Natural resources are alarmingly finite. When they have all
been sold, there is nothing left but hard work to develop the country. And there is no wealth left to distribute
among the people.
Real reform is achieved through the time-honoured tradition used in every country in the modern world.
It needs no foreign press coverage expressing the views of the expatriate nationals. No sanctions by the rich
nations of the world are necessary or of any use. A zero percent record on this tactic speaks for itself.
All of you "downtrodden, overly policed and militarily dictated" Burmese who want to run your country
with a democratic government must look no further than the other democracies of today as an example.
Revolution doesn't come without sacrifice.
Dexter R Andersen FREEDOM FIGHTER
16. The writer of this letter
1. is a supporter of the military regime in Burma
2. is in favor of the Burmese democratic movement
3. feels that the Burmese democratic movement has been a failure
4. believes in achieving democracy in Burma through peaceful means
17. The writer implies that like Burma,
1. South Africa had no natural resources left
2. South Africa was run by a corrupt government
3. South Africa was governed by a minority ethnic group
4. the South African government failed to achieve power by peaceful means
18. The phrase 'this tactic' refers to
1. real reform
2. the expatriate
3. the use of sanctions
4. extensive press coverage
19. What is the best title for this article?
1. The Need for Action
2. Let the Burmese Suffer
3. Complaint and Reform
4. Burma and South Africa
20. The phrase 'to vent its hot air' means to
1. calm its fear
2. suppress its anger
3. release its feelings
4. review its position
I bet many of you have seen Star Wars, Jurassic Park, Multiplicity, or many of the other movies that
describe cloning. Most of what you see in these movies is false. What you don't know is that cloning could be
dangerous, to the clone and to our society as a whole. It's unethical to have a human clone.
What about identity? Humans are guaranteed the rights to their own personalities. What would happen if
we bypassed those rights by giving them someone else's genetic identities? True, personality is not limited to
someone's genes, but the clone would share any physical appearance or genetic defect of the cloned individual.
Also, there is a large power struggle here. Cloning involves a degree of power and control over another
person's physical identity and that violates their rights and degrades their unique individuality. The person doing
the cloning would have more power than any parent would have.

Cloning would also deal with killing embryos. You might not have known, but Dolly, the sheep that was
cloned in 1996, was one of over 200 sheep embryos and hers was the only embryo that survived. The rest died
or were thrown away. Imagine if the failure rate was that high when we started to clone humans. More than 200
embryos, the start of 200 human beings, would die for the sake of just one embryo that would have the same
DNA as someone else.
Cloning someone, at this present time, would be extremely dangerous to the birth mother and the clone.
In studies done on cows, 4 out of 12 birth mothers died. There is also a very high abnormality rate for the clone.
There is a very high failure rate, which is showed in the cloning of Dolly. Even if you had a few good embryos,
miscarriages have been prominent in animal tests.
So, should we forge ahead in the world of cloning? I say no. The risks outweigh the _______. It's
dangerous to the clone and to the birth mother. We would be killing innocent human lives in the process as well.
It would also be a violation of the clones right to its own genetic identity and individuality.
21. According to the writer, films like Star Wars, Jurassic Park, and Multiplicity _______
1. provide a good description of cloning
2. provide an incorrect picture of cloning
3. present the idea that cloning is dangerous
4. raise controversial issues regarding cloning
22. The tone of the passage is ___________
1. optimistic
2. humorous
3. informative
4. argumentative
23. The word "bypassed" is closest in meaning too ___________
1. ignored
2. adjusted
3. protected
4. overplayed
24. According to the passage, the clone and the cloned share the following EXCEPT ____
1. character
2. genetic defect
3. genetic defect identity
4. physical appearance
25. According to the third paragraph, ___________
1. power over one's identity means violation of one's rights
2. the clone would struggle for more power over the cloned
3. the majority of society are against cloning as it violates human rights
4. individuality would be degraded if a person loses control over his/her identity
26. The phrase "the rest" refers to ___________
1. Dolly
2. sheep embryos
3. Dolly's embryos
4. human embryos
27. From paragraph 4, we can infer that ___________
1. the failure rate will be high if there are too many embryos
2. usually one embryo will survive during the process of cloning
3. at least 200 embryos are needed to guarantee the success of cloning
4. most embryos are killed due to insufficient; food and inappropriate temperature
28. According to the passage, which statement is TRUE?
1. The birthmother has a very high abnormality rate.
2. A very small number of clones will be in a perfect condition.
3. Cloning is now a safer process as a result of scientific advance.
4. The failure in cloning is mostly caused by insufficient research funds.
29. The word "prominent" can be best replaced by ___________

1. taken place
2. pointed out
3. clearly seen
4. experimented
30. Which of the following could complete the blank in the paragraph 6?
1. lives
2. reasons
3. benefits
4. dangers

Look around and you will be surprised at how much our everyday life depends on one thing: oil. From
petrol to plastics, oil is an indispensable component of their production process. And here comes the worry. We
all know that oil is a non-renewable resources. But now this situation is about to change.
Mix a pile of manure (basically agricultural waste) with some zinc oxide, angle a few giant mirrors
towards the mixture, turn on the sun and steam the result. It may not sound appetizing, but Michael Epstein and
his colleagues at the Weizmann Institute of Science, in Israel, think that this recipe represents a novel way of
collecting solar energy to generate what many hope will be the fuel of the future hydrogen.
Readers who remember their chemistry lessons may recall mixing zinc with hydrochloric acid in a test
tube and standing by, lighted splint in hand, ready to ignite the hydrogen that is given off. Zinc reacts similarly
with water or, rather, stream in this case stripping the oxygen from H2O, and, once again, leaving the
hydrogen. Industrialising that process, though, relies on finding a cheap way of turning the zinc oxide that
results back into metallic zinc, so that the material can be recycled. And this, courtesy of the Weizmann
Institutes Solar Tower Laboratory, is what Dr Epstein has done.
The towers 64 seven-meter-wide mirrors track down the sun and focus its rays into a beam with a
power of up to 300 kilowatts. In Dr. Epsteins experiment, the beam was used to heat a mixture of zinc oxide
and charcoal. The charcoal (which is pure carbon) reacted with the oxygen in the zinc oxide, releasing the zinc.
This instantly vaporized and was then extracted and condensed into powder, which can be used to extract
hydrogen again.
At the moment, the cheapest way of making hydrogen is a process called reformation, which also uses
steam, but it reacts with natural gas, a fossil fuel. Dr Epstein thinks that if his process were scaled up, it would
cost the same as reformation. It would also have the advantage over reformation that no fossil fuel needs to be
involved, and so there is no net contribution of climate-changing carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
In the meantime, the powdered zinc produced can also be employed in a different from of energy
technology zinc air batteries. They are used to power certain sorts of electronic device. So, even if your car
never runs on second-hand solar energy, one day your laptop might.

31. The most appropriate title for this passage would be ___________ .
1. The next step toward a hydrogen economy
2. Chemistry and the sun: the new use of solar energy
3. Ehen the oil wells run dry - a countdown to doomsday
4. From basics to brilliance - breaking the frontier of science
32. The passage implies that hydrogen is ___________ .
1. very promising as a fuel
2. used to power electronic devices

3. the cheapest alternative source of energy

4. the most efficient form of energy known to mankind
33. The word it refers to ___________ .
1. steam
2. hydrogen
3. fossil fuel
4. natural gas
34. The word novel in this context is closet in meaning to ___________ .
1. strange
2. imitative
3. incredible
4. innovative
35. The tone of paragraph 2 seems to be ___________
1. formal
2. academic
3. surprising
4. light-hearted
36. From paragraph 3, we can infer that Dr.Epstein's process of making hydrogen __
1. is safe but complicated
2. requires only a basic knowledge of chemistry lessons
3. is expensive unless zinc is recycled
4. may be costly if done on a large scale
37. Dr.Epstein's method and reformation are similar in that both ___________
1. use water or steam

2. are relatively costly

3. react with a fossil fuel

4. are environmentally friendly
38. The following are the feathers of second-hand solar energy EXCEPT ___________
1. it can power vehicles
2. it can be kept in a form of battery
3. it is produced from powdered zinc
4. it is the by-product of hydrogen extraction
39. It is likely that Dr. Epstein's experiment, if successful, could ___________
1. replace natural gas
2. help ease the oil crisis
3. store more solar energy
4. produce little carbon dioxide
40. One can expect to find this passage in a ___________
1. business report
2. tabloid newspaper
3. scientific magazine
4. company newsletter

As well as being blessed with sun-kissed paradise islands and pale, white sands, this tourist haven is
cursed with mounting evidence of an environmental catastrophe. To the naked eye, the signs of climate change
are almost imperceptible, but government scientists fear the sea level is rising up to 0.9cm a year. Since 80% of
its 1,200 islands are no more than 1m above sea level, within 100 years the Maldives could become
uninhabitable. The country's 360,000 citizens would be forced to evacuate.
The Maldives' survival as a sovereign nation is truly at stake. No wonder it was the first country to
sign up to the Kyoto Protocol, which sets targets for cuts in industrialised countries' greenhouse gas emissions.
No wonder that Male, the capital, is surrounded by a 3m-high (9.8ft) wall, which took 14 years to
construct at a cost of $63m. Unable to foot the bill themselves, the government happily accepted aid from
Japan, which paid for 99% of the cost. But the wall offers protection for just one of the Maldives' 200 inhabited
islands - and then only against tidal surges rather than the rising sea level, the longer-term threat.
The country's fishermen no longer use the "Nakiy", a centuries-old weather guide based on stellar
constellations which climate change has made all but irrelevant. The weather here is becoming more volatile
and less predictable. The alignment of the stars no longer offers much guidance.
The Maldives government is encouraging forestation to prevent beach erosion and is backing a plan to
clean litter and debris from the country's coral reefs - a natural barrier against tidal surges which changes to the
fragile eco-system have placed in peril.
In June 2004, the President of the Maldives, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, wrote to the US President
George W Bush, in a rather optimistic attempt to persuade him to ratify the Kyoto Protocol. So far he is yet to
receive a response. This minnow of a nation faces a mammoth task - to persuade members of the US
government, whether officials in the Bush administration or lawmakers on Capitol Hill, to make long-term
decisions from a global perspective, rather than short-term choices based on national self-interest. The

Maldives can exert moral pressure and press its strong scientific case. But not much more. So come here fast,
before it disappears. This is a paradise faced with extinction.
41. The sentence The Maldives' survival as a sovereign nation is truly at stake means
1. The nation, having survived for so long, is now under threat
2. It costs a huge amount of budget to help the nation to continue to exist
3. Nations all over the world are concentrating on Maldives' survival
4. The tourist spots and natural environment of the Maldives are of high value
42. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the environmental catastrophe?
1. rising sea level
2. coral reef debris
3. the changing climate
4. ineffective use of the "Nakiy"
43. The Maldives has dealt with the environmental problem by ___________
1. cutting the greenhouse gas emissions
2. building coral reefs as walls against tides
3. growing trees along the country's coastlines
4. returning to the ancient method of weather forecast
44. Which of the following is TRUE?
1. The surging sea level is hardly noticeable by human's eyes.
2. Two hundred inhabited islands are surrounded by the protective walls.
3. The inhabited and islands are submerged more than one meter below the sea level
4. The Kyoto Protocol urges all nations to deal with their own environmental problems.
45. Which of the following has the same relationship as minnow and mammoth in
the clause This minnow of a nation faces a mammoth task?
1. tiny --- gigantic
2. poor --- luxurious
3. disappearing --- existing
4. important --- unimportant
46. The phrase to make long-term decisions from a global perspective refers to ____
1. giving a reasonable response
2. signing up to the Kyoto Protocol
3. neglecting household gas emissions
4. constructing concrete flood defenses
47. The President of the Maldives ___________
1. exerted moral pressure against global leaders
2. has not received any reply to his optimistic state letter
3. urged international leaders to accept the Kyoto Protocol
4. supported the Bush administration's decisions in term of the Kyoto Protocol
48. The main idea of the passage is ___________
1. the Maldives is suffering from a deadly environmental problem
2. tidal surges are considered a major threat to the Maldives' survival
3. the wall surrounding the capital wont be able to protect the island from the long-term threat
4 the President of the Maldives tried to persuade the US President to alter the Tokyo Protocol
49. The passage implies that ___________
1. this paradise may be faced with extinction if the US does not give it a hand
2. the Maldives did not have enough budget for the tidal protective walls
3. the US rejection of the Kyoto Protocol is based on its national self-interest
4. officials in the Bush administration and the US lawmakers are to support the Kyoto Protocol
50. The tone of the author is ___________
1. urgent
2. relaxing
3. doubtful
4. optimistic

As one of the most spectacular sites in the Middle East, Petra has long attracted travelers and explorers.
During the 19th century, the site was visited and documented by several Europeans, after J. L. Burckhardt's
initial visit. A synthesis of Petra was published by Libbey and Hoskins in 1905, presenting one of the first
overviews in print. Archaeological excavations began in earnest at the turn of the century, with the earliest
scientific expedition being published in Arabia Petraea in 1907, by A. Musil. In the 1920's R. E. Brunnow and
A. von Domaszewski surveyed the site and published an ambitious mapping project in their Die Provincia
Arabia. This survey has since undergone many necessary revisions, the most recent of which was published by
Judith McKenzie in 1990.
Modern excavations continue to increase our understanding of the site and correct the work of earlier
scholars. In 1958, P. J. Parr and C. M. Bennett of the British School of Archaeology began an excavation of the
city center which remains the most informative and scientific to date. Recently, the Petra/Jerash Project,
undertaken by the Jordanian Department of Antiquities, the University of Jordan, the University of Utah, and
Swiss archaeologists, have excavated a number of monuments at these two sites. Architectural remains now
visible at Petra indicate a thriving city, however, despite almost 100 years of excavation, only one-percent of
the city been investigated.
The Great Temple was first explored by Brnnow and von Domaszewski, but it was Bachmann, in his
revision of the Petra city plan, who postulated the existence of a 'Great Temple', aligned with the Colonnade
Street, lying on the hillside to the south. He speculated that the temple was approached through a monumental
Propylaeum with a grand staircase leading into a colonnaded, terraced Lower Temenos, or sacred precinct.
Another broad monumental stairway led to a second, Upper Temenos. At its center was the temple, with yet
another flight of stairs leading into the temple proper. While no standing structures were revealed before your
excavations, the site is littered with architectural fragments, including column drums, probably toppled by one
of the earthquakes which rocked the site. Given the promise of the Great Temple precinct and its importance in
understanding Petra's architectural and intercultural history, it is remarkable that it remained unexcavated until
1993 when the Brown University investigations began.
51. Petra ___________
1. a survey project
2. a book of expedition
3. an archaeological site
4. a temple in the Middle East
52.You can find information about the earliest description of Petra in the work of ______
1. A. Musil
2. J.L. Burckhardt
3. Libbey and Hoskins
4. R.E. Brunnow and A. von Domaszewski
53. The word which in the most recent of which was published refers to _______
1. sites
2. revisions
3. excavations
4. die Provincia Arabia
54. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
1. The city center was not excavated until the mid - nineteenth century.
2. Judith McKenzie wrote a book describing her survey in the nineteenth century.
3. The more recent excavations, the more a accurate the information we learn about Petra.
4. Only one percent of the city is to be surveyed since archaeologists have undergone
a lot of studies for almost 100 years.
55. The phrase these two sites refers to ___________ .
1. Petra and Jerash
2. a thriving city and the city center
3. Great Temple and Colonnade Street
4. the University of Jordan and the University of Utah
56. We can infer from the last paragraph that Bachmann based the physical plan of the
Great Temple on ___________
1. the excavated staircase
2. his recent study of Petra
3. the remains of the temple
4. his theoretical assumption
57. The excavation of the Great Temple is important because ___________

1. it confirms that Bachmann's theory is correct

2. the Great temple was the heart of the ancient city
3. it provides an insight into Petra's architecture and culture
4. the Great Temple directed visitors to another important structure Propylaeum
58. The mapping of Petra by Brunnew and von Donmaszewski was ___________
1. not an easy task
2. not completed until 1990
3. based on the surveys of early explorers
4. revised several times by the explorers themselves
59. The word "thriving" means ___________
1. ancient
2. deserted
3. prosperous
4. uncivilized
60. The purpose of the passage is to ___________
1. give information
2. discuss a controversial issue
3. compare surveys of different periods
4. promote published archaeological books

Writing
1. 4. her parallelism she
6 Clearwater Marine Aquarium 3

2. 3. pokes Present Tense ( )
Each morning ( )
18

3. 1. small enough enough adj + enough enough + noun small adj.

enough
,

4. 3. redundancy rarely never

5. 3. a growing participle adj.
present participle(v.ing)
past participle(v.3) (interest)

6. 1. 500 years old
500 sala

7. 2. no other coral s other adj. other

no other, some other, the other

8. 1. in order to in order to verb in order that

17

9. 1. a few girls 3 article a / girls / are
girls girl
a are girls are little
few a few
Paris Plages
10. 2. close close adj. adv. closely

Montmartre Pigalle

11. 2. on top

12. 4. targets blacklist

13. 1. deserts desserts



14. 3. that literally threatens 13 threatens
crisis



15. 2. a lot of choices

16. 2. the globe article

the globe the
Nat Geo

17. 2. which which the English Lab

2 70 ,
Apple IIe 15 3
18. 4. are now frozen passive voice
frozen v.3
v.3 v. to have v. to be
11

19. 2. that achieves/ that has achieved/ that achieved active

infinity

20. 4. proves/has proved tense



present perfect future tense
1950


21. 1. entrance entrance =


22. 4. according to /

IMechE
23. 4. living room each

 25

150

24. 2. better and much more cheaply adverb be built better adj. adv.


25. 4. they wouldnt have planes it
( )

26. 1. article the



27. 4. will conditional sentence 1 if + subject + v.1..subject + will + infinitive

20%

28. 1. explanation due to

29. 2. understood as

30. 1. surprised verb of feeling v.3 v.ing
--
Reading
Cloze Test
1. 3. was meant to
to be meant to = However, recently scientist indicated that the human body ___1___ have an afternoon nap.

2. there is

There is = A wide range of scientific studies suggest that ___2___ a strong biological tendency for people to fall asleep in the
middle of the afternoon

3. 1. even if =
A wide range of scientific studies suggest that ___2___ a strong biological tendency for people to fall
asleep in the middle of the afternoon ___3___ they have had a full nights sleep.

4. 1. were put =
In a series of studies, volunteers ___4___ in an underground room for weeks.

5. 4. Indicators = /
They were completely isolated from all ___5___ of time.

6. 3. To sleep

The volunteers were told ___6___ whenever they
wanted.
7. 3. Reference =
Without any ___7___ to external time measures, the volunteers tended to sleep in two time periods

8. 4. which relative pronoun
one long session at night and another shorter one ___8___ lasted for about 2 hours in the afternoon.
2
9. 2. Happened =
The naps typically ___9___ 12 hours after the middle of the longer period of sleep.
12
10. 1. Another = source s
___10___ source of evidence is the napping behavior of children
11. 4. Beginning participial phrase
___11___ with the frequent naps all through the day, children give up the last nap in the middle of the afternoon.

12. 1. Nonetheless =
___12___, there is repeated evidence that performance drops in the mid afternoon

13. 1. Result =
and accidents _13_from sleepiness increase at this time.

14. 3. On the other hand =

15. 1. Inborn =
14-15 ___14___, rather than being a function of any culture, naps seem to be a(n) ___15___ human need. Now you
dont need to feel guilty about your afternoon snooze!

Passage Reading
16. 3. feels that the Burmese democratic movement has been a failure
However, the present reform movement seems to be
content to vent its hot air through the foreign press and petty "rallies" while the few in power carefully sell all the national
treasures, including timber, natural gas and gems, for their own benefit.


17. 2. South Africa was run by a corrupt government -


18. 3. the use of sanctions
No sanctions by the rich nations of the world are necessary or of any use. A zero percent record on this tactic
speaks for itself.

19. 1. The Need for Action


Revolution doesn't come without sacrifice. (
/)
20. 3. release its feelings
21. 2. provide an incorrect picture of cloning
I bet many of you have seen Star Wars, Jurassic Park, Multiplicity, or many of the other movies that describe cloning. Most of
what you see in these movies is false. , ,

22. 4. Argumentative



23. 1. Ignored
bypassed Humans are guaranteed the rights to their own
personalities. What would happen if we bypassed those rights by giving them someone else's genetic identities?
/

24. 1. Character
..... True, personality is not limited to someone's genes,
but the clone would share any physical appearance or genetic defect of the cloned individual.

25. 1. power over one's identity means violation of one's rights
3 ....... 3 Also, there is a large power struggle here. Cloning involves a
degree of power and control over another person's physical identity and that violates their rights and degrades their unique
individuality. The person doing the cloning would have more power than any parent would have.


1
26. 2. sheep embryos
the rest Dolly, the sheep that was cloned in 1996, was one of over 200 sheep embryos and
hers was the only embryo that survived. The rest died or were thrown away. , 1996
200
27. 3. at least 200 embryos are needed to guarantee the success of cloning 200

4 ..... 26 200
200

28. 2. A very small number of clones will be in a perfect condition.
There is also a very high abnormality rate for the clone. There is a very high failure rate,
which is showed in the cloning of Dolly. Even if you had a few good embryos, miscarriages have been prominent in animal tests.


29. 3. Clearly seen
prominent ..... 28
30. 3. Benefits
The risks outweigh the _______.
31. 4. From basics to brilliance - breaking the frontier of science

 Mix a pile of manure (basically agricultural waste) with some zinc oxide, angle a few giant
mirrors towards the mixture, turn on the sun and steam the result. It may not sound appetizing, but Michael Epstein and his
colleagues at the Weizmann Institute of Science, in Israel, think that this recipe represents a novel way of collecting solar energy to
generate what many hope will be the fuel of the future hydrogen.
32. 1. very promising as a fuel
.......... Michael Epstein and his colleagues at the Weizmann Institute of Science, in Israel,
think that this recipe represents a novel way of collecting solar energy to generate what many hope will be the fuel of the future
hydrogen.
33. 1. Steam
it At the moment, the cheapest way of making hydrogen is a process called reformation, which also
uses steam, but it reacts with natural gas, a fossil fuel.
34. 4. Innovative
novel Michael Epstein and his colleagues at the Weizmann Institute of Science, in Israel, think
that this recipe represents a novel way of collecting solar energy to generate what many hope will be the fuel of the future
hydrogen.
35. 2. Academic
2 Mix a pile of manure (basically agricultural waste) with some zinc oxide, angle a
few giant mirrors towards the mixture, turn on the sun and steam the result. It may not sound appetizing, but Michael Epstein and
his colleagues at the Weizmann Institute of Science, in Israel, think that this recipe represents a novel way of collecting solar energy
to generate what many hope will be the fuel of the future hydrogen.
36. 2. is expensive unless zinc is recycled
3 ....... Industrialising that process, though, relies
on finding a cheap way of turning the zinc oxide that results back into metallic zinc, so that the material can be recycled. And this,
courtesy of the Weizmann Institutes Solar Tower Laboratory, is what Dr Epstein has done.
37. 1. use water or steam
. Zinc reacts similarly with water or, rather, stream in
this case stripping the oxygen from H2O, and, once again, leaving the hydrogen. At the moment, the cheapest way of
making hydrogen is a process called reformation, which also uses steam, but it reacts with natural gas, a fossil fuel.
38. 1. it can power vehicles
.... So, even if your car never runs on second-hand solar
energy, one day your laptop might.
39. 2. help ease the oil crisis
. ...... Dr Epstein thinks that if his process were scaled up, it
would cost the same as reformation. It would also have the advantage over reformation that no fossil fuel needs to be involved, and
so there is no net contribution of climate-changing carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
40. 3. scientific magazine


41. 1. The nation, having survived for so long, is now under threat.

The Maldives' survival as a sovereign nation is truly at stake

... As well as being blessed with sun-kissed paradise islands and pale, white sands, this tourist haven
is cursed with mounting evidence of an environmental catastrophe. To the naked eye, the signs of climate
change are almost imperceptible, but government scientists fear the sea level is rising up to 0.9cm a year. Since
80% of its 1,200 islands are no more than 1m above sea level, within 100 years the Maldives could become
uninhabitable. The country's 360,000 citizens would be forced to evacuate.The Maldives' survival as a
sovereign nation is truly at stake.
42. 3. the changing climate
No wonder it was the first country to sign up to the

Kyoto Protocol, which sets targets for cuts in industrialised countries' greenhouse gas emissions

43. 3.growing trees along the country's coastlines
........ The Maldives government is encouraging

forestation to prevent beach erosion and is backing a plan to clean litter and debris from the country's coral reefs
- a natural barrier against tidal surges which changes to the fragile eco-system have placed in peril.
44. 1. The surging sea level is hardly noticeable by human's eyes.

To the naked eye, the signs of climate change are almost imperceptible, but
government scientists fear the sea level is rising up to 0.9cm a year.
45. 1. tiny --- gigantic
minnow mammoth This minnow of a nation faces a

mammoth task? In June 2004, the President of the Maldives, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, wrote to
the US President George W Bush, in a rather optimistic attempt to persuade him to ratify the Kyoto Protocol. So
far he is yet to receive a response. This minnow of a nation faces a mammoth task - to persuade members of
the US government, whether officials in the Bush administration or lawmakers on Capitol Hill, to make longterm decisions from a global perspective, rather than short-term choices based on national self-interest.
46. 2. signing up to the Kyoto Protocol
to make long-term decisions from a global perspective
47. 2. has not received any reply to his optimistic state letter
. .......
48. 1. the Maldives is suffering from a deadly environmental problem

As well as being blessed with sun-kissed paradise islands and pale,

white sands, this tourist haven is cursed with mounting evidence of an environmental catastrophe.
49. 1. this paradise may be faced with extinction if the US does not give it a hand

50. 1. Urgent

51. 1. a survey project
Petra .... Recently, the Petra/Jerash Project, undertaken by the Jordanian Department of
Antiquities, the University of Jordan, the University of Utah, and Swiss archaeologists, have excavated a
number of monuments at these two sites.
52.
As one of the most spectacular sites in the Middle East, Petra has long attracted travelers and explorers.
During the 19th century, the site was visited and documented by several Europeans, after J. L. Burckhardt's
initial visit. A synthesis of Petra was published by Libbey and Hoskins in 1905, presenting one of the first

overviews in print. Archaeological excavations began in earnest at the turn of the century, with the earliest
scientific expedition being published in Arabia Petraea in 1907, by A. Musil. In the 1920's R. E. Brunnow and
A. von Domaszewski surveyed the site and published an ambitious mapping project in their Die Provincia
Arabia. This survey has since undergone many necessary revisions, the most recent of which was published by
Judith McKenzie in 1990.
Modern excavations continue to increase our understanding of the site and correct the work of earlier
scholars. In 1958, P. J. Parr and C. M. Bennett of the British School of Archaeology began an excavation of the
city center which remains the most informative and scientific to date. Recently, the Petra/Jerash Project,
undertaken by the Jordanian Department of Antiquities, the University of Jordan, the University of Utah, and
Swiss archaeologists, have excavated a number of monuments at these two sites. Architectural remains now
visible at Petra indicate a thriving city, however, despite almost 100 years of excavation, only one-percent of
the city been investigated.
The Great Temple was first explored by Brnnow and von Domaszewski, but it was Bachmann, in his
revision of the Petra city plan, who postulated the existence of a 'Great Temple', aligned with the Colonnade
Street, lying on the hillside to the south. He speculated that the temple was approached through a monumental
Propylaeum with a grand staircase leading into a colonnaded, terraced Lower Temenos, or sacred precinct.
Another broad monumental stairway led to a second, Upper Temenos. At its center was the temple, with yet
another flight of stairs leading into the temple proper. While no standing structures were revealed before your
excavations, the site is littered with architectural fragments, including column drums, probably toppled by one
of the earthquakes which rocked the site. Given the promise of the Great Temple precinct and its importance in
understanding Petra's architectural and intercultural history, it is remarkable that it remained unexcavated until
1993 when the Brown University investigations began.
52.You can find information about the earliest description of Petra in the work of ______
1. A. Musil
2. J.L. Burckhardt
3. Libbey and Hoskins
4. R.E. Brunnow and A. von Domaszewski
53. The word which in the most recent of which was published refers to _______
1. sites
2. revisions
3. excavations
4. Die Provincia Arabia
54. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
1. The city center was not excavated until the mid - nineteenth century.
2. Judith McKenzie wrote a book describing her survey in the nineteenth century.
3. The more recent excavations, the more a accurate the information we learn about Petra.
4. Only one percent of the city is to be surveyed since archaeologists have undergone
a lot of studies for almost 100 years.
55. The phrase these two sites refers to ___________ .
1. Petra and Jerash
2. a thriving city and the city center
3. Great Temple and Colonnade Street
4. the University of Jordan and the University of Utah
56. We can infer from the last paragraph that Bachmann based the physical plan of the
Great Temple on ___________
1. the excavated staircase
2. his recent study of Petra
3. the remains of the temple
4. his theoretical assumption

57. The excavation of the Great Temple is important because ___________

1. it confirms that Bachmann's theory is correct
2. the Great temple was the heart of the ancient city
3. it provides an insight into Petra's architecture and culture
4. the Great Temple directed visitors to another important structure Propylaeum
58. The mapping of Petra by Brunnew and von Donmaszewski was ___________
1. not an easy task
2. not completed until 1990
3. based on the surveys of early explorers
4. revised several times by the explorers themselves
59. The word "thriving" means ___________
3. prosperous
60. The purpose of the passage is to ___________
1. give information
2. discuss a controversial issue
3. compare surveys of different periods
4. promote published archaeological books