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Thermal Stress: Mechanics of Deformable Bodies

This document discusses thermal stress, which is the stress resulting from thermal expansion or contraction of a body subjected to temperature changes. It provides the formula for calculating thermal expansion or contraction of a body. It then describes the procedure for deriving compatibility equations to analyze thermal stresses. Finally, it presents several sample problems analyzing thermal stresses in rods and bars under different temperature conditions.

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1K views10 pages

Thermal Stress: Mechanics of Deformable Bodies

This document discusses thermal stress, which is the stress resulting from thermal expansion or contraction of a body subjected to temperature changes. It provides the formula for calculating thermal expansion or contraction of a body. It then describes the procedure for deriving compatibility equations to analyze thermal stresses. Finally, it presents several sample problems analyzing thermal stresses in rods and bars under different temperature conditions.

Uploaded by

Pao Castillon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MEC 103

MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE BODIES

THERMAL STRESS
ENGR. ROGELIO FRETTEN C. DELA CRUZ, CE
INSTRUCTOR

THERMAL STRESS
It is the stress resulting from thermal expansion (or contraction) of a
body when subjected to thermal changes. The expansion (or contraction)
of a body undergoing thermal deformation is given by:

Procedure for deriving compatibility equations:


Remove all applied loads and constraints so that
thermal deformation can freely occur. Sketch the
thermal deformation using exaggerated scale.
Apply the forces that are necessary to restore the
specified conditions of restraint.
Obtain geometric relations between the temperature
and load deformation from the sketch of the problem.
Apply conditions of equilibrium.

Problem 1.
A steel rod 2.5 m long is secured between two walls.
The cross-sectional area of the rod is 1200 mm2, =
11.7 m/(mC), and E = 200 GPa. The load on the rod
is zero at 20C. Compute the stress when temperature
drops to 20C, assuming that (a) the walls are rigid,
and (b) the walls spring together a total distance of 0.50
mm as the temperature drops.

Problem 2.

The bronze bar 3 m long with a cross-sectional area of


350 mm2 is placed between two rigid walls. At a
temperature of 20 C, there is a gap = 2.2 mm, as
shown in the figure. Find the temperature at which the
compressive stress in the bar will be 30 MPa. Use = 18
10-6 /C and E = 80 GPa.

Problem 3.

A steel rod is stretched between two walls. At 20C,


the tensile force in the rod is 5000 N. If the stress is
not to exceed 130 MPa at 20C, find the minimum
allowable diameter of the rod. Use = 11.7 10-6/C
and E = 200 Gpa.

Problem 4.
A steel rod with cross-sectional area of 0.25 in2 is
stretched between two fixed points. The tensile force
in the rod at 70F is 1200 lb. = 6.5 10-6/F and E =
29 106 psi.
a) What will be the stress at 0F?
b) At what temperature will the stress be zero?

Figure shows a homogeneous, rigid block weighing 12 kips that


is supported by three symmetrically placed rods. The lower ends
of the rods were at the same level before the block was attached.
Determine the stress in each rod after the block is attached and
the temperature of all bars increases by 100F, given the
following data:

The compound bar, composed of the three segments


shown, is initially stress-free. Assuming the walls do
not yield, compute the stress in each material if the
temperature drops 25C, given the following data:
A (mm2)

Bronze segment
Aluminum segement
Steel segment

(/C)

2000
19 10 -6
1400
23 10 -6
800 11.7 10 -6

E (GPa)

83
70
200

END

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