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Production and Operations

This document discusses industrial safety and safety management. It begins by defining industrial safety and hazards, and explaining that hazard control and accident prevention are basic needs. It then discusses the need for safety in industries, including cost savings from preventing accidents, increased productivity in safe plants, and moral and legal reasons for safety measures. Objectives of industrial safety include preventing accidents and losses. The document outlines various safety measures that can be implemented in factories. It defines safety management and its objectives, elements and responsibilities. Finally, it discusses benefits of safety management such as improved morale, increased compliance, lower insurance costs and competitiveness.

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124 views11 pages

Production and Operations

This document discusses industrial safety and safety management. It begins by defining industrial safety and hazards, and explaining that hazard control and accident prevention are basic needs. It then discusses the need for safety in industries, including cost savings from preventing accidents, increased productivity in safe plants, and moral and legal reasons for safety measures. Objectives of industrial safety include preventing accidents and losses. The document outlines various safety measures that can be implemented in factories. It defines safety management and its objectives, elements and responsibilities. Finally, it discusses benefits of safety management such as improved morale, increased compliance, lower insurance costs and competitiveness.

Uploaded by

nitesh
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRODUCTION AND

OPERATIONS
MANAGEMENT
TOPIC-INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
AND SAFETY
MANAGEMENT

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
IntroductionIndustrial safety is mainly concerned with minimizing hazards in
the industries. Hazard is a state, physical or chemical having potential
to injure the person or impairment of health. Risk or danger arises out
of hazards.
Serious attention is being paid to reduce the rate and severity of
accidents. Safety rules have been devised for each and every field to
safeguard the interest of society. Hazard control and accident
prevention have been considered as a basic need.
Hazard control and accident prevention have been considered as
a basic need. Health and safety are basic desire and instinct. We
believe in concept of safety, human protection and protection of
nature. The benefits of accident prevention have been well understood
and accepted by industries throughout the world.

Need for SafetyAn accident-free plant enjoys certain benefits. Major ones are
substantial savings in costs, increased productivity, andmoral and
legal grounds.
Cost Saving: Two types of costs: (i) Compensation payable to
the dependents of the victim, if the accident is fatal. (ii)Medical
expenses, if the accident is non-fatal. When the victim is
not insured, compensation and medical expenses are
the responsibilities of management

There are hidden costs (3 to 4 times the direct costs) whichinclude


loss on account of down time of operators, slowed up production
rate of other workers, materials spoiled and labor for cleaning, and
repairing of damages to equipment, if any.
More serious than the direct cost are the indirect or hidden cost
which the management cannot avoid. In fact, the indirect costs are
three or four times higher than the direct costs.
Adequate safety measurements will result in reducing insurance
premium.
Increased productivity: Safety plants are efficient plans. To a
large extent, safety promotes productivity. Employees in safe
plants can devote more time to improving quality and quantity
of their output and spend less time worrying about safety and
well being.
Moral: Safety is important on humane grounds too. Managers
must undertake accident prevention measures to minimize the
pain and suffering of injured worker and his family exposed to
as a result of the accident.
Legal: There are legal reasons too for undertaking safety
measures. There are laws covering occupational health and
safety, and penalties for non-compliance have become quite
severe. The responsibility extends to the safety of the
surrounding community also.

Planning for industrial safetyMis-happening of large number of fire hazards, accidents, industrial
disasters etc., can be reduced to the minimum possible extent through

careful safety planning. Safety consideration includes proper layout


of buildings and equipment, such as providing adequate ventilation,
sufficient working area to the operator, clear pathways for movement
of materials and parts, provision for adequate personnel facilities,
firefighting services etc.
Careful planning in advance for optimized and safe layout of
design and manufacturing activities for industry ensures safety in the
manufacturing and inventory areas. Several codes and standards for
safety, health and hygiene and fire prevention have been prescribed by
government and other safety agencies and they should be fully taken
care of at the planning and implementation stages of a plant.

Objectives of industrial safety1. Industrial safety is needed to check all the possible chances of
accidents for preventing loss of life and permanent disability of
an employee, any damage to machine and material as it leads to
the whole establishment.
2. It is needed to eliminate accidents causing work stoppage and
production loss.
3. It is needed to prevent accidents in industry by reducing any
hazard to minimum.
4. It is needed to reduce workmans compensation, insurance rate
and all the cost of accidents.
5. It is required to educate all members regarding the safety
principles to avoid accidents in industry.
6. It is needed to achieve better morale of the employees.

7. It is needed to have better HR within the industry.

Safety measures in the factory MH when performed manually the chances of injuries are
greater. Therefore, all MH equipments should carry proper
guards for its gears and other dangerous moving parts to prevent
access from these parts during operation.
All hoisting devices must be equipped with limit switches for
preventing loads blocks from over traveling accidentally.
While operating a crane, the operator should be entirely guided
by standard signal and both operator and his signaler should be
thoroughly trained.
Proper protection against fire and explosion hazards are required
when gasoline operated cranes are being used.
Where manual loading is done on conveyors which run along a
vertical path, safe load should be prominently displayed on all
loading stations.
Sufficient lighting, ventilation, drainage, escape ways and
guarding should be provided for conveyors.
Riding on a conveyor should always be prohibited.
All rotating, reciprocating, and projecting parts of machinery
should be adequately protected by proper guarding.
An effective lubrication schedule should be worked out and
implemented.

All inspection should be carried out regularly and worn-out


parts, if any be replaced immediately.
Industrial personnel and unskilled workers
adequately trained for safe working habits.

should

be

Wet or dirty or have slippery surface should be completely


wiped off dry before handling them.
For preventing hand injuries, the handlers should be made to
wear protective clothing. The unskilled workers should be
properly trained for keeping correct position of their feet,
position of back and knees, holding the object close to the
body, while lifting and carrying, correct and firm grip.
While transporting material by trucks, the truck should be
operated at safe limit speed as specified.
During storing material, it should be ensured that the electrical
panes and installations and fire extinguishers and hoses are kept
clear and have free accessibility.
The use of racks and bins enables more storage capacity, easy
movement of material from one place to another and ensures
better safety.

SAFETY MANAGEMENT

According to the National Safety Management Society, safety


management is an integral part of an organizations responsibilities, as
it displays the companys commitment to the welfare of their
employees.
Safety Management is a function that enhances company
performance by predicting operational, procedural, or environmental
risks and threats before they occur. It is a strategic process that
identifies and addresses safety issues for employees and the company.
Aside from being a pre-emptive and preventive process, safety
management also corrects deficiencies and performance errors.

Objectives of safety management1) Injury Prevention


2) Emergency Readiness
3) Training Objectives
4) Other Practical Objectives
Gain support from all concerned for the health and safety
effort.
Motivate, educate, and train employees to recognize
hazards.
Achieve hazard control by design and purchasing
Support inspection system to provide feedback.
Ensure hazard control principles form part of supervisory
training.
Design and introduce controls based on risk assessment.
Comply with regulations and standards.

Elements of safety management1) Assessment


2) Key Roles
3) Safety Training
4) Employee Training
5) Safety Plans

Responsibilities for managing safetyThese can be grouped into the following four generic and basic areas:
Definition of Policies and Procedures Regarding Safety:
Policies
and
procedures
are
organizational
mandate reflecting how senior management wants
operations to be conducted.
Allocation of Resources for Safety Management
Activities: Managing safety requires resources. The
allocation of resources is a managerial function.
Management has the authority and hence the
responsibility for the allocation to mitigate the
safety risks of the consequences of hazards that
threaten the capabilities of the organization.
Adoption of Best Industry Practices: Continuous
development of robust safety and a tradition of
exchange of safety information through both
institutional and informal channels are adopted.

These two positive traits should be reinforced and


practiced to foster adoption of best industry
practices.
Incorporation of Regulations Civil Aviation Safety:
There is always a need for a regulatory framework
as the bedrock for safety management endeavors.
Sensible safety management can develop only
from sensible regulations.

Benefits of safety management1)

Improve Morale

According to the Safety and Health Management


Systems e-Tool, on the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration website, attention to safety
management results in higher employee morale.
There is a less absenteeism and increase in
productivity.
2) Increase Compliance
A company that creates a safety management program
focuses
on following federal, state, and local
workplace safety laws, according to the Business Link
website article titles : Benefits of Health and Safety
Management Systems. Focusing on workplace safety
laws ensures that measures will be taken to be in
compliance with them.
3) Lower Insurance Cost

Focusing on
management
costs

workplace safety through a safety


program can help reduce insurance

4) Foster Competitiveness:
Developing a good safety record can result in
competitive advantages for a company. A safer work
environment may be more appealing to talented
workers in industry, and it may help to hire more
qualified candidates than the competitors. When
workplace safety increases, employee productivity
increases. With increased employee productivity comes
the ability to produce more products and generate
more revenue.

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