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05 Multithreadng - Threads and Swing

The document discusses multithreading in Swing applications. It covers running time-consuming tasks on a background thread using SwingWorker to avoid blocking the event dispatch thread. It provides an example of loading a text file with progress updates and canceling the loading. The solution develops the view, adds listeners to menu items, and uses SwingWorker to read the file on a background thread while updating progress.

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mbhangale
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39 views38 pages

05 Multithreadng - Threads and Swing

The document discusses multithreading in Swing applications. It covers running time-consuming tasks on a background thread using SwingWorker to avoid blocking the event dispatch thread. It provides an example of loading a text file with progress updates and canceling the loading. The solution develops the view, adds listeners to menu items, and uses SwingWorker to read the file on a background thread while updating progress.

Uploaded by

mbhangale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Threads and Swing

Multithreading

Contents
I.Simulation

on Inserting and Removing


Items in a Combo Box
II.Event Dispatch Thread
III.Rules for Running Time-Consuming
Tasks
IV.The Reading Text File Problem

I. Simulation on Inserting and


Removing Items in a Combo
Develop a GUI program to
Box
insert/remove an item (a positive
integer) to/from a combo box
continuously and randomly in a
separate thread
A sample GUI is below
As long as the button is clicked, the
simulation runs

Solution
1.Developing

a Non-Thread-Safe

Solution
2.Observing the Problem
3.Correcting the Problem

1. Developing a Non-Thread-Safe
Solution
1.1. The Main Class
1.2. Developing the View
1.3. Adding Listener to the Button

1.1. The Main Class

1.2. Developing the View

1.3. Adding Listener to the Button

2. Observing the Problem


Click

the Remove/Insert button > Click the combo


box a few times > Move the scrollbar > Move the
window > Click the Remove/Insert button again >
Keep clicking the combo box > Eventually, you
should see an exception report
What is going on?
When an element is inserted into the combo box, the
combo box fires an event to update the display
Then, the display code springs into action, reading the
current size of the combo box and preparing to display
the values
But the worker thread keeps going - occasionally
resulting in a reduction of the count of the values in
the combo box. The display code then thinks that there
are more values in the model than there actually are,
asks for nonexistent values, and triggers an

3. Correcting the Problem: Put the


Updating GUI Code to the Event
Dispatch Thread

II. Event Dispatch Thread


The

thread of control that passes


events such as mouse clicks and
keystrokes to the user interface
components
Every Java application starts with a main
method that runs in the main thread
In a Swing program, the main thread is shortlived. It schedules the construction of the user
interface in the event dispatch thread and then
exits
The event dispatch thread keeps the program
alive until it is terminated, either by closing the

III. Rules for Running TimeConsuming Tasks


If

an action takes a long time, do it in a separate


worker thread and never in the event dispatch
thread.
Do not touch Swing components in any thread
other than the event dispatch thread by using
EventQueue.invokeLater() or
EventQueue.invokeAndWait()
The invokeLater method returns immediately when
the event is posted to the event queue
The invokeAndWait method waits until the run
method has actually been executed

IV. The Reading Text File


Problem
Develop a program for loading a text file

and for canceling the file loading process


Since we want to be able to load big files, a
separate thread should be used for loading
While the file is read, the Open menu item
is disabled and the Cancel item is enabled
(see the next slide)
After each line is read, a line counter in the
status bar is updated
After the reading process is complete, the
Open menu item is reenabled, the Cancel
item is disabled, and the status line text is
set to Done

Solution
1.Developing

the View
2.Adding Listeners to the Menu Items

1. Developing the View

2. Adding Listeners to the


Menu Items

2.1. Adding Listener to the Open Menu


Item
2.2. Adding Listener to the Cancel
Menu Item

2.1 Adding Listener to the Open


2.1.1.Item
Getting the Selected File
Menu
2.1.2. Showing Content in the Selected
File

2.1.1 Getting the Selected File

2.1.2 Showing Content in the Selected


File
2.1.2.1. A Single-Threading Version
2.1.2.2. A Multiple-Threading Version

2.1.2.1. A Single-Threading Version

2.1.2.2. A Multiple-Threading Version


Using

SwingWorker
Defining Result Type and Progress Data Type
Developing the Text Reading Thread

Using SwingWorker
The

typical UI activities of a background task:


After each work unit, update the UI to show
progress.
After the work is finished, make a final change
to the UI.
The SwingWorker class makes it easy to
implement such a task.

Using SwingWorker

Since

the reading process can take a long time,


we use the SwingWorker class to fire up a new
thread to do the work
SwingWorker(T, V)
T: Final result of type T
V: Intermediate progress data of type V

Using SwingWorker
Override

the doInBackground method to do the


time-consuming work
The doInBackground method is executed in a
worker thread.
In the doInBackground method, occasionally call
publish method to communicate work progress.
The publish method causes a process method to
execute in the event dispatch thread to deal with
the progress data.

When

the work is complete, the done method


is called in the event dispatch thread so that we
can finish updating the UI.
To cancel the work in progress, use the cancel
method.
When the work is canceled, the get method
throws a CancellationException.

Event Dispatch Thread

swObj.execute()

Worker Thread

swObj.doInBackground()

Do the job

swObj.process()

swObj.done()
The get() does not throw
a CancellationException

swObj.publish()

Defining Final Result Type and Progress Data


Type
Final Result Type
String, but StringBuilder would be more efficient for
big files

Progress

Data Type: The Current Line

Developing the Text Reading Thread

Developing doInBackground() for Carrying out the Task

Developing process() for Processing Progress Data


in the Event Dispatch Thread

Developing done()

2.2. Adding Listener to the Cancel


Menu Item

Run

the program and try to click Cancel

Ignore

the exception message

References
1.Core

Java, Volume I - Fundamentals,


Eighth Edition, Chapter 14.
CayS.Horstmann and Gary
Cornell.Prentice Hall, 2008

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