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Coloniesreferencechart

The document summarizes the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies. The New England colonies of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire were founded primarily for religious freedom. They had cold winters, relied on subsistence farming and industries like fishing and shipbuilding, and were very religious with town meetings. The Middle colonies of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware had more ethnic diversity and focused on agriculture and trade. The Southern colonies of Virginia, Maryland, North and South Carolina, and Georgia had hot climates and economies based on tobacco, cotton, and slavery.

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857 views3 pages

Coloniesreferencechart

The document summarizes the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies. The New England colonies of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire were founded primarily for religious freedom. They had cold winters, relied on subsistence farming and industries like fishing and shipbuilding, and were very religious with town meetings. The Middle colonies of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware had more ethnic diversity and focused on agriculture and trade. The Southern colonies of Virginia, Maryland, North and South Carolina, and Georgia had hot climates and economies based on tobacco, cotton, and slavery.

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The New England Colonies

Massachusetts
Founders/Leaders

William Bradford
(1620 Pilgrims)

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

John Wheelright
(1638)

Roger Williams

Escape religious
persecution in
Massachusetts
(Religious)

Escape religious
persecution in
Massachusetts
(Religious)

John Winthrop
(1630 Puritans)

Anne Hutchinson
(1644)

Connecticut
Thomas Hooker
(1636)

Reasons Founded

Escape religious
persecution in
England (Religious)

People

Separatists known as British, Scottish, Irish Europeans


Pilgrims and Puritans
Native Americans
Native Americans

Dutch and Swedish

Harbors

Heavily forested

Rocky Soil

Hilly and Forested

Rocky soil, heavy


forest, fertile land

Bitter cold winters


with mild summers

Bitter cold winters,


warm and humid
summers

Rocky, fertile soil

Colder Winters,
short but humid
summers

Colder Winters,
short but humid
summers

Shipping & Ship


building

Fishing, whaling

Shipping

Fishing, whaling

Fur

Shipping & Ship


building

Subsistence Farming

Shipping & Ship


building

Lumber

Fur

Fishing

Lumber

Climate and
Geography

Economy

Livestock and dairy


farms

Escape religious
persecution in
Massachusetts
(Religious)

Native Americans

Subsistence Farming
Livestock and dairy
farms

Rum-making
Religious Views

Lives centered
around religious
worship and the
church

Religious freedom

Religious freedom

Religious freedom

Government

Town meetings
(self-government)

Representative
Assembly

Town Meeting

Town Meeting

Governor and
General Assembly

Fundamental Orders
of Connecticut
(first written
constitution)

Laws based on
religious beliefs
Only white men in
good standing with
the church could
vote

The Middle Colonies


(The Breadbasket Colonies)
New York
Founders/Leaders

New Jersey

Dutch Settlers (1624) Lord Berkley (1664)


English (after
military take-over)

Pennsylvania
William Penn
(1681)

Delaware
Dutch Settlers
English(after military
take-over)

Reasons Founded

Profit (Economic)

Profit and Trade


(Economic)

Escape from
Profit and Trade
religious persecution
(Economic)
in England
Religious Freedom
(Religious)
(Religious)

People

Mixed Europeans
(ethnic
diversity/melting
pot)

Mixed Europeans
(ethnic
diversity/melting
pot)

Quakers and other


religious groups

Harbors

Cold winters and


hot, humid summers

Fertile land with


heavy forests

Cool winters and


mild/warm summers

Hot, humid
summers, cold
winters

forests

Climate and
Geography

Fertile soil but had


trees and rocks

Longer growing
season that New
Hot humid summers,
York
bitter cold winters
Moderate growing
season
Economy

Farmers

Fishing

(Breadbasket Colonies)

Merchants and
tradesmen

No natural harbor so
not as much trade as
NY

Fur

Small farms

Lumber

Dutch
Swedish
English

Land contains iron


ore
Farms that produced lumber
grains
Fishing
(Breadbasket Colonies)

Dairy cattle
Merchants and
tradesmen
lumber

Shipping
Religious Views

Religious toleration

Religious toleration

Religious toleration

Government

Governor appointed
by the King of
England

A royal colony where Political freedom


colonists made their
and self-government
own local laws
Representative
(self-government)
assembly

Religious toleration
Separate colony
supervised by
Pennsylvanias
governor

The Southern Colonies


Maryland

Virginia

North & South Carolina

Georgia

Founders/Leaders

Lord Baltimore
(1632)

John Smith
(Virginia Company
1607)

Eight Lords who were


friends with King
Charles II (1663)

Reasons Founded

Religious Freedom
for Catholics

Investment to make
money

Given as a political gift New start for


debtors who were
in prison

People

Catholics

Europeans seeking
cheap land

Europeans

Debtors

Indentured servants

Europeans

African slaves

African slaves

Chesapeake Bay was Mild winters, hot


surrounded by fertile
summers
land
Flat, fertile land
Cold winters, hot
Swampy in the east;
and humid summers
wooded mountains
in the west

Mild winters, hot


summers

Mild winters, hot


summers

Flat, fertile land

Flat, fertile land

Swampy in the east;


wooded mountains in
the west

Swampy in the
east; wooded
mountains in the
west

Farms that raised


grains, tobacco, flax

crops such as
tobacco, cotton,
indigo and rice

crops such as tobacco, crops such as


cotton, indigo and rice
tobacco, cotton,
indigo and rice

African slaves
Climate and
Geography

Economy

fishing

James Oglethorpe
(1732)

Religious Views

tolerant

Church of England

tolerant

tolerant

Government

elected
representatives

House of Burgesses

ruled by the King

elected
representatives to
Common House of
Assembly

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