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QUIZ NO.1: Kinematics of Particles Problem Statement: Data & Diagram

(1) The motion of a plunger moving through oil is described, where its deceleration is proportional to its velocity. Expressions are derived for velocity, position, and velocity as a function of position. (2) At t = 1 s, with an initial velocity of 10 m/s, the velocity is found to be 6.07 m/s and position is 7.87 m. (3) To reduce the velocity at a faster rate, the constant of proportionality k in the deceleration expression should be increased, making the velocity decrease more rapidly over time according to the exponential decay relationship.

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49 views1 page

QUIZ NO.1: Kinematics of Particles Problem Statement: Data & Diagram

(1) The motion of a plunger moving through oil is described, where its deceleration is proportional to its velocity. Expressions are derived for velocity, position, and velocity as a function of position. (2) At t = 1 s, with an initial velocity of 10 m/s, the velocity is found to be 6.07 m/s and position is 7.87 m. (3) To reduce the velocity at a faster rate, the constant of proportionality k in the deceleration expression should be increased, making the velocity decrease more rapidly over time according to the exponential decay relationship.

Uploaded by

MohdFirdaus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEC420 - Dynamics

Name:

Score:

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal


Universiti Teknologi MARA

SID:

QUIZ NO.1: Kinematics of Particles. Note : Format of EPSM 5 marks


Problem statement: The horizontal motion of the

Data & Diagram:

plunger is arrested by the resistance of the disc


moving through the oil bath. The initial velocity of the
plunger at A is v0 m/s and its deceleration is given by
a = kv where k = 0.5 s1.

+1

v0
x

a = kv

Find:

(a) Obtain the expression for x(t), v(t), and v(x),


Oil
[9 marks]
Plunger
Disc
(b) Determine the velocity and position of the
plunger when t = 1 s and v0 = 10 m/s.
[4 marks]
+1
(c) Based on your answer(s), what should be Assumption(s):
done if the velocity were to be reduced at a 1. The viscosity of the oil remains
unchanged so that k = constant
faster rate?
[2 mark]

Theory:

+1
a = dv/dt

Solution:

av

v = dx/dt

dv
dx

+1

(a) Integrate a = dv/dt = -kv to find v(t).


dv
a
kv
dt

+1

vt v0e kt

v t

v0

t
dv
k dt
v
0

ln

vt
kt
v0

+1

[Ans] +1

(1)

/+3

(2)

/+3

(3)

/+3

Integrate v(t) = dx/dt to find x(t).


vt

dx
v0 e kt +1
dt

x t

kt
dx v0 e dt

xt

v0
1 e kt
k

dv
av
kv
dx

xt v0 e kt
k
0

+1

[Ans] +1

+1
dv k dx

v0

dv k dx +1

v v0 kx
[Ans] +1
v v0 kx

+1
(b) From eq.(1),
From eq.(2),

vt 10e

0.5t

+1

when t = 1 s => v = 6.07 m/s

[Ans]

xt 20 1 e 0.5t when t = 1 s => x = 7.87 m

+1

+1

[Ans]

+1

/+4

(c) From eq.(1), we observe that the velocity is an exponential decay with respect to time. Therefore,
in order to make it decreasing faster, we may increase the value of the constant k.

+1 Comments: Eq.(3) can also be obtained by solving eqs.(1) and (2).

+1

/+2

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