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Penstock

This document provides details for designing the penstock of the Middle Bhotekoshi Hydroelectric Project. It includes calculations for determining the optimal diameter and thickness of steel pipes to be used for the penstock based on factors like annual mean discharge, unit price of energy, water pressure, and cost. The penstock design involves dividing it into multiple shell portions with varying diameters and thicknesses to account for changes in elevation and direction. A trifurcation is also designed to split the flow into three branches feeding individual turbine units. An economical design is selected with pipe diameters ranging from 2.54m to 5.17m and thicknesses from 16mm to 52mm.

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229 views7 pages

Penstock

This document provides details for designing the penstock of the Middle Bhotekoshi Hydroelectric Project. It includes calculations for determining the optimal diameter and thickness of steel pipes to be used for the penstock based on factors like annual mean discharge, unit price of energy, water pressure, and cost. The penstock design involves dividing it into multiple shell portions with varying diameters and thicknesses to account for changes in elevation and direction. A trifurcation is also designed to split the flow into three branches feeding individual turbine units. An economical design is selected with pipe diameters ranging from 2.54m to 5.17m and thicknesses from 16mm to 52mm.

Uploaded by

modest_dhu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PENSTOCK

Economical Diameter of Water Conveyance Metal Pipe of Middle Bhotekoshi Hydroelectric Project:
Annual Mean Discharge
Unit Price of Energy

37.81 m3/s
0.0670 US$/kWh

Manning's roughness coefficient in pipe


0.012
Coefficient of friction in pipe 124.5*E5^2/D^(1/3)
Total efficiency of Turbine and generator
0.873
Welding Efficiency at joint
0.9
Allowable tensile stress of pipe
1750 kg/cm2

Ratio of annual expense to Cost


Unit construction cost of steel pipe
Specific gravity of steel
Design Discharge,Q40
Acceleration due to gravity
Design water pressure
Coefficient for increment of steel weight due to stiffners, etc
Minimum shell thickness of pipe
Max Surge Height
Waterhammer pressure considered

Points

Shell No.

Surge Tank
Bell Mouth
Top Horizontal
Top Curve Portion
Vertical Portion 1
Vertical Portion 2
Vertical Portion 3
Vertical Portion 4
Vertical Portion 5
Vertical Portion 6
Vertical Portion 7
Vertical Portion 8
Vertical Portion 9
Vertical Portion 10
Vertical Portion 11
Vertical Portion 12
Vertical Portion 13
Lower Curver Position
Incline Portion(3o) 1
Incline Portion(3o) 2
Incline Portion(3o) 3
Incline Portion(3o) 4
Incline Portion(3o) 5
Incline Portion(3o) 6
Incline Portion(3o) 7
Incline Portion(3o) 8
Incline Portion(3o) 9
Incline Portion(3o) 10
Incline Portion(3o) 11
Horizontal Portion 1
Trifurcation Branch
Branch 1
Branch 2
Branch 2 Bend
Branch 3
Branch 3 Bend
Inlet Valve

Horizontal
Distance from
Surge Tank
(m)
0

0.6

M1
1

to
B1

5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
29
B2

6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28

30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
83
T1
to
to
B3
to
B4

34
39
44
49
54
59
64
69
74
79
82

84
89
94

88
93
99

30.8
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
69.0
99.0
128.9
158.9
188.9
218.9
248.8
278.8
308.8
338.7
368.7
386.7
389.7
392.7
418.4
418.3
422.1
418.3
422.1
437.96

Static
Head
(m)
32.66
32.66
32.66
52.66
64.66
76.66
88.66
100.66
112.66
124.66
136.66
148.66
160.66
172.66
184.66
196.66
200.02
220.02
221.59
223.16
224.73
226.3
227.87
229.44
231.01
232.58
234.15
235.72
236.66
236.66
236.66
236.66
236.66
236.66
236.66
236.66
236.66

Head due to
Water
Hammer
(m)
32.66
32.79
39.32
63.47
75.47
87.47
99.47
111.47
123.47
135.47
147.47
159.47
171.47
183.47
195.47
207.47
210.83
234.93
242.98
251.03
259.08
267.13
275.17
283.22
291.27
299.32
307.37
315.41
320.23
320.88
321.53
327.10
327.08
327.89
327.08
327.89
331.32

0.09

Mean monthly flow


cumec
24.30

24.30 Initial Area

21.40
20.60
25.00
37.80
50.80

Discharge
Velocity
Branch
No. Of Units
Velocity
193.10 Discharge
236.10 Dia:
162.50 Area

50.80

3754.78 US$/ton

50.80

21.40
20.60
25.00
37.80
88.40

7.85 ton/m3

50.80

50.8 m3/s
9.81 m/sec2
0 kg/cm2
0.15
16 mm
60 m
40 %

50.80

77.70

41.70
28.90

41.70
28.90

Head due to
Surging
(m)
92.66
92.66
92.66
112.66
124.66
136.66
148.66
160.66
172.66
184.66
196.66
208.66
220.66
232.66
244.66
256.66
260.02
280.02
281.59
283.16
284.73
286.3
287.87
289.44
291.01
292.58
294.15
295.72
296.66
296.66
296.66
296.66
296.66
296.66
296.66
296.66
296.66

Design Water
Pressure
(kg/cm2)
9.27
9.27
9.27
11.27
12.47
13.67
14.87
16.07
17.27
18.47
19.67
20.87
22.07
23.27
24.47
25.67
26.00
28.00
28.16
28.32
28.47
28.63
28.79
28.94
29.13
29.93
30.74
31.54
32.02
32.09
32.15
32.71
32.71
32.79
32.71
32.79
33.13

Trifurcation of Penstock Calculation:


13.85 m2
50.8 m3/s
3.67 m/s

Head Loss (m)


Shell No.
1

4
B1

5
3
3.34
16.93
2.54
5.07

Length

29
B2

m/s
m3/s
m
m2

30

83
T1

84
89

88
93
B3

94

99
B4

37.81 Average

First Trial

Pipe Dia.
(m)
4.221
4.221
4.221
4.104
4.046
3.993
3.945
3.902
3.862
3.825
3.790
3.759
3.729
3.701
3.674
3.649
3.642
3.604
3.601
3.598
3.595
3.592
3.590
3.587
3.584
3.570
3.556
3.543
3.535
3.534
3.533
3.525
3.525
3.524
3.525
3.524
3.518

Shell tk.
(mm)
11
11
11
13
14
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
27
29
29
29
29
29
30
30
30
31
31
32
32
32
32
33
33
33
33
33
33

Coefficient of
friction in
pipe
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013

Second Trial

Economical
Pipe Dia.
Shell tk.
(m)
(mm)
4.30
16
4.30
16
4.30
16
4.10
16
4.10
16
4.00
16
4.00
17
3.90
18
3.90
19
3.90
21
3.80
21
3.80
23
3.80
24
3.70
25
3.70
26
3.70
27
3.70
27
3.60
29
3.60
29
3.60
29
3.60
29
3.60
29
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
31
3.60
32
3.60
32
3.60
33
3.60
33
3.60
33
2.54
24
2.54
24
3.54
33
4.54
42
5.54
52

Selected

Dia.
Shell tk.
(m)
(mm)
3.60
16
5.17/3.6
16
3.60
16
3.60
16
3.60
16
3.60
16
3.60
20
3.60
20
3.60
20
3.60
20
3.60
24
3.60
24
3.60
24
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
30
3.60
34
3.60
34
3.60
34
3.60
34
3.60
34
4.2/2.54
50
2.54
24
2.54
24
2.54
24
2.54
24
2.54
24

Loss

21.98
31.37
147.36
30.37
321.00
21.69
25.75
25.68

0.05
0.27
0.34
0.27
0.73
0.20
0.08
0.08

3.75
25.68
3.75
UNIT 1
UNIT 2
UNIT 3

0.23
0.08
0.23
2.18
1.95
2.18

Length
(m)
0.00
0.6
21.98
31.37
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
3.36
30.37
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
18.00
3.00
21.69
25.75
25.68
3.75
25.68
3.75
658.98

Weight
ton
0.00
1.8
31.36
44.76
17.12
17.12
21.43
21.43
21.43
21.43
25.74
25.74
25.74
32.23
32.23
32.23
9.02
81.56
80.57
80.57
80.57
80.57
80.57
80.57
80.57
91.41
91.41
91.41
54.85
9.14
129.91
38.65
38.54
5.64
38.54
5.64
1,615.84

Surge Tank

EL 1176.90

Bifurcation Inlet
5.17x0.6

Maximum Upsurge Level 1171.60

Static Water Level 1152.95

Normal Operating Water Level 1140.00

Minimum Downsurge Level 1133.00

R = 20.0
A = 90.0
CL = 31.37
TL = 20.0

3.98
M1

20.34

Original Ground Line

00

B1

46.50

R20.

15.00

6X3+3.98=21.98
5

Rock Trap

10

11

12

24X6+3.36=147.36

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

Penstock Shaft

22

23

24

25

26

R = 20.0
A = 87.0
CL = 30.37
TL = 18.98

3.36

27

28

Powerhouse
3.06

29

B2

1. 25

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

1. 25

7. 15

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

6. 15
1. 00

24.59
62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

2. 10

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

2. 11

3 .06

32

2.54

.0
7
8

31

T1

0. 80

6X53=318.00

1. 00
1. 05

20
.0
0

30

1. 00
0. 50
5. 99
0. 50
11. 13
CROS S S E CT I ON, T HROUGH UNITS (LOWER PART)

3.00

1. 40
13. 10

26.66

Tailrace

PREPARED BY : ..

TITLE

APPROVED BY :

MADHYA BHOTE KOSHI JALAVIDYUT CO. LTD.


GYANESWOR, KATHMANDU,NEPAL

MIDDLE BHOTE KOSHI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT

CHECKED BY :
RECOMMENDED BY :

DATE :

0
Scale - A

15

30

45

DRAWING NO.

60m

PENSTOCK
LONGITUDINAL SECTION

MBK-PS-11-02
SHEET NO.

REV:
00
1/5

SCALE 1:200

EL 1176.90

Bifurcation Inlet
5.17x0.6

Maximum Upsurge Level 1171.60

Static Water Level 1152.95

Normal Operating Water Level 1140.00

Minimum Downsurge Level 1133.00

R = 20.0
A = 90.0
CL = 31.37
TL = 20.0

3.98
M1 1

00
.
0
2
R

B1

46.50

20.34

15.00

6X3+3.98=21.98
5

Rock Trap

10

11

12

13

PREPARED BY : ..

TITLE

APPROVED BY :

MADHYA BHOTE KOSHI JALAVIDYUT CO. LTD.


GYANESWOR, KATHMANDU,NEPAL

MIDDLE BHOTE KOSHI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT

CHECKED BY :
RECOMMENDED BY :

DATE :

0
Scale - A

15

30

45

DRAWING NO.

60m

PENSTOCK LONGITUDINAL
SECTION DETAIL 1

MBK-PS-11-02
SHEET NO.

REV:
00
2/5

24X6+3.36=147.36

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

Penstock Shaft

22

23

24

25

26

R = 20.0
A = 87.0
CL = 30.37
TL = 18.98

3.36

27

28
29

B2

R2
0.
00

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

0
7.
PREPARED BY : ..

MIDDLE BHOTE KOSHI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT

CHECKED BY :
RECOMMENDED BY :

44

45

46

DATE :

47

48

49

50

TITLE

APPROVED BY :

MADHYA BHOTE KOSHI JALAVIDYUT CO. LTD.


GYANESWOR, KATHMANDU,NEPAL

43

0
Scale - A

15

30

45

60m

PENSTOCK LONGITUDINAL
SECTION DETAIL 2

51

52

DRAWING NO.
MBK-PS-11-02
SHEET NO.

53

54

REV:
00
3/5

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

24.59
62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

T1

6X53=318.00

3.00

PREPARED BY : ..

TITLE

APPROVED BY :

MADHYA BHOTE KOSHI JALAVIDYUT CO. LTD.


GYANESWOR, KATHMANDU,NEPAL

MIDDLE BHOTE KOSHI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT

CHECKED BY :
RECOMMENDED BY :

DATE :

0
Scale - A

15

30

45

60m

PENSTOCK LONGITUDINAL
SECTION DETAIL 3

DRAWING NO.
MBK-PS-11-02
SHEET NO.

REV:
00
4/5

96

86
B3
87

R7.16

B4

92
3

30.0

98
8

10

11

53.36
5.85

8.53
0.40

8.13

0.40

6.50

6.37

6.10

5.97

93 0.40

6.63
0.40

6.23

880.40

6.37
5.97

6.63
0.40

6.23

990.40

5.07
4.67

0.40

2.54

12.90
1.00

1.00

7.35

14.90

2.54

13.90

2.54

13.90
0.25

14.90

5.00

1.00

5.45

0.30
1.00

0.40
1.00

35.24

30.0

6X4+1.75=25.75

R7.16

95

85

4.94
6+4.94=10.94

90
91

94

84

1.75

21.69

.74
2+
2.7
4=
14
6X

R = 7.16
A = 30
CL = 3.75
TL = 1.92

4
2.7

89

0.40
1.00

5.45

0.40

5.85

8.13

0.40

8.53

6.10

0.40

6.50

5.97

0.40

6.37

6.23

0.40

6.63

5.97

0.40

6.37

6.23

0.40

6.63

4.67

0.40

5.07

53.36

PREPARED BY : ..

10

11

TITLE

APPROVED BY :

MADHYA BHOTE KOSHI JALAVIDYUT CO. LTD.


GYANESWOR, KATHMANDU,NEPAL

MIDDLE BHOTE KOSHI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT

CHECKED BY :
RECOMMENDED BY :

DATE :

0
Scale - A

15

30

45

60m

PENSTOCK LONGITUDINAL
SECTION DETAIL(PLAN)

DRAWING NO.
MBK-PS-11-02
SHEET NO.

REV:
00
5/5

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