Scribd
Upload
45 views15 pages

Kinema Tics

The document describes the design of a mechanism to pick and place objects onto a conveyor belt with equal interval motion using a single four bar mechanism and Geneva mechanism. It involves synthesizing a four bar linkage to generate the required motion profile and designing a Geneva wheel to engage with the crank to produce intermittent rotation of the conveyor. The mechanism is modeled and analyzed in CREO and Autodesk 360 to evaluate velocity, acceleration, and forces at different positions. The designed mechanism allows automatic material transfer and equal spacing of objects on the conveyor using a single input, reducing power requirements and manual labor.

Uploaded by

suresh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views15 pages

Kinema Tics

The document describes the design of a mechanism to pick and place objects onto a conveyor belt with equal interval motion using a single four bar mechanism and Geneva mechanism. It involves synthesizing a four bar linkage to generate the required motion profile and designing a Geneva wheel to engage with the crank to produce intermittent rotation of the conveyor. The mechanism is modeled and analyzed in CREO and Autodesk 360 to evaluate velocity, acceleration, and forces at different positions. The designed mechanism allows automatic material transfer and equal spacing of objects on the conveyor using a single input, reducing power requirements and manual labor.

Uploaded by

suresh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

PICK AND PLACING OF OBJECT AND EQUAL INTERVAL

MOVEMENT OF CONVEYOR WITH SINGLE FOUR BAR


AND GENEVA MECHANISM
AIM:
To obtain an equal interval motion of the conveyor and pick and placing the
object on the conveyor using a single four bar mechanism.
MECHANISM-DEFINITION:
A mechanism is a device designed to transform input forces and movement
into a desired set of output forces and movement. Mechanisms generally consist
of moving components such as gears and gear trains, belt and chain drives, cam
and follower mechanisms, and linkages as well as friction devices such as brakes
and clutches, and structural components such as the frame, fasteners, bearings,
springs, lubricants and seals, as well as a variety of specialized machine elements
such as splines, pins and keys.
Mechanism has two types
Planar mechanism
Spatial mechanism
PLANAR MECHANISM:
A planar mechanism is a mechanical system that is constrained so that
trajectory of all the bodies of the system lies parallel to a ground plane. The
rotational axes of hinged joints that connect the bodies in the system are
perpendicular to this ground plane.
SPATIAL MECHANISM:
A spatial mechanism is a mechanical system that has at least one body that
moves in a way that its point trajectories are general space curves. The rotational
axes of hinged joints that connect the bodies in the system form lines in space
that do not intersect and have distinct common normals.

GRASHOFS LAW:
The Grashof condition for a four-bar linkage states: If the sum of the
shortest and longest link of a planar quadrilateral linkage is less than or equal to
the sum of the remaining two links, then the shortest link can rotate fully with
respect to a neighboring link.
In other words, the condition is satisfied if S+L P+Q.
Where S is the shortest link, L is the longest, and P and Q are the other
links.

DEGREES OF FREEDOM OF PLANAR MECHANISMS:


The definition of the degrees of freedom of a mechanism is the number of
independent relative motions among the rigid bodies.
A rigid body in a plane has three degrees of freedom. Kinematic pairs are
constraints on rigid bodies that reduce the degrees of freedom of a mechanism.
Figure shows the three kinds of pairs in planar mechanisms. These pairs reduce
the number of the degrees of freedom. If we create a lower pair (Figure a,b), the
degrees of freedom are reduced to 2. Similarly, if we create a higher pair (Figure
c), the degrees of freedom are reduced to 1.

GRUEBLER'S EQUATION:

Where
F = total degrees of freedom in the mechanism
n = number of links (including the frame)
l = number of lower pairs (one degree of freedom)
h = number of higher pairs (two degrees of freedom)
This equation is also known as Gruebler's equation.
MECHANISM REQUIRMENTS:

ROTARY MOTOR
CRANK ROCKER FOUR BAR MECHANISM
GENEVA WHEEL
CONVEYOR SYSTEM

MECHANISM SYNTHSIS:
To obtain the appropriate crank rocker mechanism with the particular point
tracing, we need to synthesize the mechanism with standard procedures. Here to
obtain an appropriate mechanism I selected a path generation problem and
synthesized a mechanism. Procedure for synthesize is given below.
Mark two points P1 and P2 in the appropriate positions.
Fix point O2 arbitrarily. Select length of crank O2A1 and position 2
arbitrarily.
From O2 draw fixed link O2O4 ARBITRARILY
Draw a circle with radius of O2A1 and O2 as centre.
Connect O2A1 with point P1.
Measure A1P1 distance. From point P2 cut an arc on the circle with radius of
AP1.

Connect P2 and A2.


Measure angle 1 (O2A1P1) and 2 (O2A2P2).FIND 2- 1.
Rotate O2 to an angle of 2- 1 by A as centre to O2.
O2 as centre and O2O4 as radius draw one circle.
P1 as centre P2O4 as radius cut an arc on the circle drawn just above.
Mark the point as O4.
Connect O4 and O4 and draw a perpendicular bisector to that line.
And anywhere on the line we can select the point B1.
From this synthesis I obtained a four bar mechanism with the following link
lengths.
Length of crank

=100mm

Length of fixed link

=400mm

Length of connecting rod

=300mm

Length of rocker

=340mm

Checking Grashofs condition, L+S<P+Q. I obtained a crank rocker


mechanism.

GENEVA MECHANISM:
The Geneva drive or Maltese cross is a gear mechanism that translates a
continuous rotation into an intermittent rotary motion. The rotating drive wheel
has a pin that reaches into a slot of the driven wheel advancing it by one step. The
drive wheel also has a raised circular blocking disc that locks the driven wheel in
position between steps.
The Geneva mechanism is a timing device. It is used in many counting
instruments and in other applications where an intermittent rotary motion is
required. essentially, the Geneva mechanism consists of a rotating disk with a
pin and another rotating disk with slots (usually four) into which the pin slides

DESIGN OF GENEVA MECHANISM:

Number of slots on driven wheel Z ,Taken as 4

For 4 slots (from PSG data book 7.82)


= semi indexing angle of Geneva wheel or Geneva wheel angle or angle
subtended by an adjacent slot

=crank angle or driver angle =45

Radius of Geneva wheel, R

Assume R=100mm
Radius of crank=r

R=r
Therefore, r=100mm

Centre distance between Geneva wheel and crank ,a

Therefore, centre distance a=141.42mm

Length of slot on Geneva wheel , a2

=100+100-141.42+10 = 68.58mm
Therefore length of the slot

=68.58mm

Ratio of driver radius to centre distance ,

Therefore ratio of driver radius to driven radius, =0.7071

SOFTWARES USED:
CREO 2.0.
AUTODESK INVENTOR.

CREO MODEL:
Draw the parts required.
Assemble them to get a mechanism.
Then give input to the link by servo motor in CREO mechanism
simulation.
Run the mechanism.

PART DIAGRAMS IN CREO:


S.NO.
1

PART NAME
FIXED LINK

CRANK

CONNECTING ROD

ROCKER LINK

GENEVA WHEEL

CONVEYOR FRAME

CONVEYOR

PART DIAGRAM

ASSEMBLED MECHANISM:
All parts drawn as part diagrams and they are assembled in CREO Assembly
and using mechanism option in CREO. Input is given in the crank and 3D contact is
given between the crank pin and Geneva wheel.

SPECIALITY OF MECHANISM:
The above designed mechanism is used for picking an object from above
place and places it in a conveyor where it is moved in equal interval by a geneva
mechanism. Speciallity of this mechanism is
It has only one input source at the crank.
Conveyor can be moved with equal interval.
Pick and placing of an object also taken care.

VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION ANALYSIS:


Velocity and Acceleration analysis is prepared by the auto desk 360 online
software. The four bar mechanism is designed in Auto desk 360 and rotary input
is given to the link AC with the speed input as 0.6rps.so it can shift the 36 objects
in one minute. The velocity and acceleration analysis values are given in table.
Change in velocity and acceleration is shown in graph.

Four bar mechanism in Autodesk 360

Graph for velocity and acceleration


at point D

DISPLACEMENT(mm) VELOCITY(mm/s) ACCELERATION(mm/s2)


120.189
199.35
0

S.NO
1

TIME
0

0.3

33.527

135.553

1030.262

0.8

67.375

327.664

1231.027

1.2

217.433

232.426

2373.586

1.7

99.915

378.656

651.752

Table for displacement, velocity, acceleration at point D in different time

FORCE ANALYSIS IN FOUR BAR MECAHNISM:


After synthesizing the mechanism it is important to do the force analysis.
Here whatever the force moment and torque is acting is given in the mechanism
and from this we can find reaction forces in the fixed points also forces acting in
each links. This force analysis is done by AUTODESK 360 for two maximum
positions.
FORCE ANALYSIS AT POSITION 1:

POSITION 1

REACTION FORCES

FORCES IN LINK AC

FORCES IN LINK CD

FORCES IN LINK DB

FORCE ANALYSIS AT POSITION 2:

POSITION 2

REACTION FORCES

FORCE IN LINK AC

FORCE IN LINK CD

FORCE IN LINK BD

CONCLUSION:
A Four bar chain mechanism is designed successfully for transferring material
from one place to conveyor simultaneously conveyor moved to equal interval with the
help of Geneva mechanism. By this mechanism we can reduce the different power
sources used for moving conveyor and transferring object. It can reduce the manpower
by automatic material transfer. Conveyor is moving with equal so no need to align the
material in equal space.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy