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Mechanics Problem Set - 16

1. For a Hamiltonian that does not explicitly depend on time, the Hamiltonian H is a constant of motion. A cyclic coordinate, which does not appear in the Lagrangian, is associated with a conserved quantity. 2. For a Lagrangian of the form T - V(q), where T = (1/2)p^2 and V = aq + bq^2, at least two constants of motion can be obtained. 3. For a linear harmonic oscillator with Hamiltonian H = (p^2)/2m + (1/2)mω^2q^2, the canonical equations of motion and a canonical transformation to new variables P and Q are derived, along with the transformed Hamiltonian

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Perry Esguerra
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81 views1 page

Mechanics Problem Set - 16

1. For a Hamiltonian that does not explicitly depend on time, the Hamiltonian H is a constant of motion. A cyclic coordinate, which does not appear in the Lagrangian, is associated with a conserved quantity. 2. For a Lagrangian of the form T - V(q), where T = (1/2)p^2 and V = aq + bq^2, at least two constants of motion can be obtained. 3. For a linear harmonic oscillator with Hamiltonian H = (p^2)/2m + (1/2)mω^2q^2, the canonical equations of motion and a canonical transformation to new variables P and Q are derived, along with the transformed Hamiltonian

Uploaded by

Perry Esguerra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mechanics Set 16

1. a)Show that if the Hamiltonian does not depend on time explicitly then W is a constant of the motion
(i.e. XWYX  0 implies 4WY4 = 0 implies W = 

 . (Note that h is a quantity called the
Jacobian integral of motion and is equal to the energy E if the potential energy term of the Lagrangian
depends only on the generalized coordinates)
b)Show that a cyclic coordinate (a coordinate that does not appear explicitly in the Lagrangian) is
associated with a conserved quantity (a.k.a. integral of the motion or constant of the motion)
2. The Lagrangian of a system is = = 1Y2 \? + ?  ] G(). Obtain at least two constants of the
motion.
,

3. Consider a linear harmonic oscillator for which we have the Hamiltonian W =


_ + >` .
^

A) Write Hamiltons canonical equations of motion for the system.
B) Use the generating function ), = <` a to generate a canonical transformation relating the
original phase-space variables p,q to a new set of phase-space variables P,Q
C) Set < = ?>/2 and write the transformed Hamiltonian 5(b, a)
D) Derive the new Hamiltons canonical equations and solve up to undetermined coefficients
E) Finally, determine p(t) and q(t) if _(0) = _ , `(0) = ` .
hi hl
k hIk

4. The Poisson bracket is defined as c), de : ghj

hi hl
m.
k hjk

hI

Show that:

a) c), )e = 0, b) c), de = cd, )e,


c) c), d + noe = c), de + nc), oe when a and b are constants.,
d) c), doe = dc), oe + c), deo, and e) Jacobi identity: p), cd, oeq + pd, co, )eq + po, c), deq = 0 .

5. Show p`r , _S q = srS , and p_r , _S q = p`r , `S q = 0.


i

hi

6. a)Show c), We =  h where H is the Hamiltonian


b)Show that if ) is an integral of motion that does not explicitly depend on time then c), We = 0.
c)Show that if ) and d are both integrals of motion (that may or may not be explicitly timedependent) then c), de = 

. Hints: Jacobi identity, 6a.
,
,
,
7. Recall that for for a 3D central potential system, V = ? + ?  + ? u 
 , and G =

G(). Verify that the integrals of motion _F and _F +

8. For a one-dimensional system with Hamiltonian W =


,

that y = _` y is a constant of the motion.

Iv'

wx8' F

I'

satisfy the Poisson bracket identity in 6b.


,

j' show using Poisson bracket methods

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