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Focal Length of Concave Mirror

1) The document describes a procedure to determine the focal length of a concave mirror using an optical bench, object and image pins, and a meter rule. 2) The focal length is first estimated by observing the mirror's image of a distant tree on a wall. Measurements of the object and image distances are then taken for the mirror in various positions and plotted on a graph. 3) From the graph, the focal length is calculated using the formula f=v/u, where f is the focal length and u and v are the object and image distances.

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1K views2 pages

Focal Length of Concave Mirror

1) The document describes a procedure to determine the focal length of a concave mirror using an optical bench, object and image pins, and a meter rule. 2) The focal length is first estimated by observing the mirror's image of a distant tree on a wall. Measurements of the object and image distances are then taken for the mirror in various positions and plotted on a graph. 3) From the graph, the focal length is calculated using the formula f=v/u, where f is the focal length and u and v are the object and image distances.

Uploaded by

nitesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRACTICAL: 3

Focal Length of Concave Mirror


AIM:
To determine the focal length of concave mirror.
APPARATUS: Concave mirror optical bench, object and image pins, meter rule.
FIGURE:

PROCEDURE:
1) Determine the approximate focal length of the given concave mirror by obtaining on
the wall the image of a distant tree.
2) Mount the given concave mirror on a stand and fix one pin on the other stand, then
place them on the optical bench as shown in the diagram.
3) Now keep the object needle O in front of the mirror M and beyond C. Take a second
needle I and place it in between the mirror and the object needle. Move the is needle I,
until there is no parallax between the image of O and I on moving the eye from side to
side. Measure the distance MO ( u ). Also measure the distance MI ( v ). This gives
the observed object and image distance.
4) Very the position of the object bringing it progressively closer to the mirror taking
care to see that a real image is obtained in each case. This will be so if object is at a
distance greater than the focal length from the mirror. Repeat the above mentioned
procedure to find the value of MO and MI in each case. Take atleast six observations
in this manner.
5) Plot a graph v vs u. this will be curve. Draw a line OP making an angle of 45o. with
either axis and meeting the curve at point P.
OBSERVATION:
i)
Range of Optical bench =___________ cm
ii)
Least count of Optical bench = __________ cm
iii)
Rough focal length of concave mirrorFL = ___________ cm.
OBSERVATION TABLE:
Position of the Position of the Position of the
Object
Sr.
Image Distance
mirror
Pin
Pin
Distance
No.
v cm
M cm
O cm
I cm
u cm
1
2
3
4
5

GRAPH: v Vs u (in cm)

CALCULATION:
From Graph Co-ordinates ( u, v ) of point P is..
( u =, v =)
u v
f
.........
cm
22

RESULT:
Focal Length of given Concave Mirror = _____________ cm.

Viva:1. What is a spherical mirror?


2. What is a real image?
3. For what position of object, the image formed by a concave mirror is magnified and
erect?
4. Define the terms pole, principle axis and centre of curvature with reference to a
spherical mirror.
5. What is the relationship between focal length and radius of curvature of a spherical
mirror.
6. What is the difference between focus and principle focus?
7. Why the focal length of concave mirror is negative?
8. Why a driver doesnt use a concave mirror as a rear view mirror?
9. How will you distinguish between a plane mirror, a concave mirror and a convex
mirror, without touching them?
10. What type of mirror is used to obtain a real image of an object?

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