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Bloom Filters: Insert (X) : For I in (1, K) : A (H - I (X) ) 1

Bloom filters are space-efficient data structures that can determine if an element is present in a set, but cannot provide the actual elements. They use hash functions to index array bits and set bits during insertion, then check if all corresponding bits are set during lookup. While Bloom filters may return false positives, they are faster and use less space than hash tables and are commonly used for spell checking, password lists, and blocking network addresses.

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42 views1 page

Bloom Filters: Insert (X) : For I in (1, K) : A (H - I (X) ) 1

Bloom filters are space-efficient data structures that can determine if an element is present in a set, but cannot provide the actual elements. They use hash functions to index array bits and set bits during insertion, then check if all corresponding bits are set during lookup. While Bloom filters may return false positives, they are faster and use less space than hash tables and are commonly used for spell checking, password lists, and blocking network addresses.

Uploaded by

Andrew Lee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bloom Filters

Characteristics

Bloom filters are built for fast inserts and lookups of objects, must like hash
tables. However, unlike a hash table, a bloom filter can only tell the user
whether or not an object exists in the collection (no storage of associated
objects), cant have entries deleted once they are added, and presents a small
false positive probability.
Bloom filters are much more space-efficient than hash tables however,
and are thus used for applications like spellcheckers, forbidden password
lists, and network routers to block IP addresses and prevent DDoS attacks.

Implementation

Bloom filters are made of an array of n bits A and k hash functions h1 , . . . , hk ,


where k is some small constant. Bloom filters support two operations, insertions and lookups.
1

insert ( x ) :
for i in [1 , k ]:
A [ h_i ( x ) ] = 1
lookup ( x ) :
return all ( A [ h_i ( x ) ] for i in [1 , k ])

Heuristic Analysis

Assume all hi (x) are uniformly random and independent, and a bloom filter
with n bits and a data set S already inserted.
1
i [1, n], P (A[i]) = 1 (1 )k|S|
(1)
n
k|S|
= O(1 e n )
(2)
k
|S|
= O(1 e b ), b =
(3)
n
Thus the false-positive probability  is given by
k

 (1 e b )k

(4)

For a fixed ratio b,  is minimized by k (ln 2) b. After some more algebra,


 
1 (ln 2)b
1

,
b 1.44 log2
(5)
2


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