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Elbow Center of Gravity

The document discusses calculating the geometric centroid of a segment of a torus shell. It provides the parametric equations to describe the torus and defines the limits of the parameters r, v, and u. It gives the formula to calculate the volume element dV in terms of the Jacobian J and defines the integral needed to calculate the x-coordinate of the centroid xG. The document then evaluates this triple integral to obtain the final expression for xG in terms of the torus parameters a, t, c, and α.

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Mallela Sampath Kumar
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500 views2 pages

Elbow Center of Gravity

The document discusses calculating the geometric centroid of a segment of a torus shell. It provides the parametric equations to describe the torus and defines the limits of the parameters r, v, and u. It gives the formula to calculate the volume element dV in terms of the Jacobian J and defines the integral needed to calculate the x-coordinate of the centroid xG. The document then evaluates this triple integral to obtain the final expression for xG in terms of the torus parameters a, t, c, and α.

Uploaded by

Mallela Sampath Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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For a segment of torus shell, corresponding to an X axis

that is within the bisecting plane, the following limits are


valid:
r [a t , a ]

We may consider the parametric equations of torus:


x = (c + r cos v ) cos u
y = (c + r cos v ) sin u
z = r sin v

v [0, 2 ]
u [ , ]
For clarifications, please consider the figure.
Dont forget that must be in radian units!

For an effective calculation, the Parametric system is


more convenient than the Cartesian system.

The geometric centroid xG coordinate is:

xdV
dV
V

xG =

(and note that, choosing Cartesian coordinate system as in figure, yG and zG are vanishing)

The elementary volume is given by dV = dx dy dz = J dr dv du , where J is Jacobian determinant of coordinates


transform (from Cartesian system to Parametric system) ( x, y , z ) ( r, v, u ) , i.e. J = r ( c + r cos v ) [you may
consider http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Torus.html for this results; or you may calculate it- its not so difficult]
The coordinate xG is given by formula:
a 2 +

xG

xdV = I
=
dV I
V

r (c + r cos v)
1

cos u du dv dr

a t 0
a 2 +

r (c + r cos v) du dv dr

a t 0

The Triple-Integrals evaluation is below:


+

I1 =

2 a

cos u du

[rc
0 a t

r =a

r2
r4
r3
+ r 3 cos2 v + 2 c r 2 cos v dr dv =2 sin c 2
+ cos2 v + 2c cos v
dv =
2
4
3
0
r =a t

v = 2
a 2 (a t ) 2 v = 2 a 4 (a t ) 4 v sin 2v v = 2
a 3 (a t ) 3

=
v
sin v
= 2 sin c 2
+
+ 2c
+

2
4
4 v =0
3

2
v
=
0
v
=
0

a 2 (a t ) 2

a 4 (a t ) 4
a 4 (a t ) 4
= 2 sin c 2
2 +
= 2 sin c 2 a 2 (a t ) 2 +

2
4
4

and
+

I2 =

2 a

du

[rc + r

0 a t

r=a

r2
r3
cos v dr dv =2 c + cos v
dv =
2
3
0
r =a t

v = 2
a 2 ( a t ) 2 v = 2 a 3 ( a t )3
2
2

= 2 c a ( a t ) 2 = 2 c a 2 ( a t ) 2
= 2 c
v
+
sin v

2
3
2

v =0
v =0

The final result is:

xG

xdV = I
=
dV I
V

sin

a 4 (a t ) 4
sin
4
=
2
2

c a (a t )

c 2 a 2 (a t ) 2 +

a 4 (a t ) 4
c +

4c a 2 ( a t ) 2

)(

sin
a 2 (a t ) 2 a 2 + ( a t ) 2
c +


4c a 2 ( a t ) 2

) =

sin
a 2 + (a t ) 2
c +


4c

where
c is the radius of elbow, 2 is the angle of elbow, in radians (e.g = / 4 for a 90 degree elbow), a is the external
radius of section (i.e. a half of OD of pipe) and t is the thickness of elbow.

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