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Deflections Due To Loading As Per ACI

Develop a MathCAD worksheet(s) that calculates the following: 1. Increment of deflection due to the first application of the total load. 2. Increment of deflection that maycause damage to breakable partitions using the ACI long-term multiplier (5 year load duration). 3. Increment of deflection that will cause damage to breakable partitions using the effective modulus of elasticity approach (5 year load duration). 4. Assuming that this is a floor beam, compare to ACI 318-14. 5. If the deflections do not meet ACI 318 requirements, then what measures would you tak

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Rishabh Lala
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216 views8 pages

Deflections Due To Loading As Per ACI

Develop a MathCAD worksheet(s) that calculates the following: 1. Increment of deflection due to the first application of the total load. 2. Increment of deflection that maycause damage to breakable partitions using the ACI long-term multiplier (5 year load duration). 3. Increment of deflection that will cause damage to breakable partitions using the effective modulus of elasticity approach (5 year load duration). 4. Assuming that this is a floor beam, compare to ACI 318-14. 5. If the deflections do not meet ACI 318 requirements, then what measures would you tak

Uploaded by

Rishabh Lala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Homework #7

Due Date 10/17/2016

Rishabh Lala

To Find: Develop a MathCAD worksheet(s) that calculates the following:


1. Increment of deflection due to the first application of the total load.
2. Increment of deflection that maycause damage to breakable partitions using the ACI
long-term multiplier (5 year load duration).
3. Increment of deflection that will cause damage to breakable partitions using the effective
modulus of elasticity approach (5 year load duration).
4. Assuming that this is a floor beam, compare to ACI 318-14.
5. If the deflections do not meet ACI 318 requirements, then what measures would you tak
Given:
Section Width

f'c := 4000psi
Ec := 57000

(f'c psi) = 3.605 10 ksi

Measured Cylinder Compressive Strength

Ln := 25ft

Limiting concrete compressive strain

b := 12in

Modulus of Elasticity

h := 24in

Height of section

cc := 1.5in

Clear Cover

c := 150pcf

Density of Concrete

CES: 6706: Advanced Reinforced Concrete

1/10

Homework #7

Due Date 10/17/2016

Rishabh Lala

Steel Properties
Yield Stres s in Steel

fy := 60ksi
Es := 29000ksi

Modulus of Elasticity

Reinforcement Data
2

Area of Steel

db11

Depth of tensile reinforcement

As := 3 As11 = 4.68 in
d := h - 1.5in - db4 -

No Compression Steel

A's := 0 = 0 in
Loading

kip
WLL := 2.5
= 2.5 klf
ft

Live Load

kip
WsLL := 0.91
= 0.91 klf
ft

Sustained Live Load

wo := b h c

Self Weight

WsDL := 1klf

Assumed Super-imposed Dead Load

Required :
1) Determination of Gross and Cracked Moment of Intertia:
6

Modulus of Elasticity

Ec := 57000 f'c psi = 3.605 10 psi


n :=

Es
Ec

Modular Ratio

=8

2
A

As
s
2 As
+ 2 n = 0.415
k := -n
+ n
b d
b d
b d

b h

Ig :=
= 1.382 10 in
12
Icr :=

b ( k d)
3

Gross Moment of Inertia


2

+ n As ( d - k d ) = 8.603 10 in

CES: 6706: Advanced Reinforced Concrete

Cracked Moment of Inertia

2/10

Homework #7

Due Date 10/17/2016

Rishabh Lala

3
M 3
Mcr

cr
Ie( M a , M cr) := I
Ig + 1 -

Ma
M a cr

return I if I < Ig
Ig otherwise
2.) Determination of Instantaneous Deflections for each load stage
Modulus of Ruptre

fr := 7.5 f'c psi


Ig fr

M cr :=
M o :=

wo Ln

Moment due to self weight

= 23.437 kip ft

Cracking Moment

= 45.537 kip ft

0.5 h

Effective moment of Inertia which accounts cracking only


due to the self weight

Ie M o , M cr = 1.382 10 in
5wo Ln

Deflection due to dead load

o :=
= 0.053 in
384 Ec Ie M o , M cr

M sDL :=

WsDL Ln

Moment due to superimposed dead load

= 78.125 kip ft

Effective Moment of Interia due to DL and SDL

Ie M o + M sDL , M cr = 9073.96261 in
DL :=
M LL :=

(wo + WsDL) Ln4

384 Ec Ie( M o + M sDL , M cr)


5

= 0.349 in

WLL Ln = 195.312 kip ft


8

Moment due to live load

M o + M sDL + M LL = 296.875 kip ft

Total Moment generated due to Self Weight+ SDL +LL


3

Ie M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr = 8.622 10 in

DL_LL :=

Deflection due to dead load, before first


application of live load

Effective Moment of Inertia when all loading is applied

( wo + WsDL + WLL) Ln4

= 1.074 in Deflection due to Dead Live + Live Load


384 Ec Ie( M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr)
5

Answer I Increment of Deflection from self weight deflection to total load application:

( wo + WsDL) Ln4

DL :=

= 0.368 in
384 Ec Ie M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr

CES: 6706: Advanced Reinforced Concrete

Deflection due to dead load, after first


application of total load
3/10

Homework #7

Due Date 10/17/2016

LL := DL_LL - DL = 0.707 in

Rishabh Lala

Increment in Deflection, after first application


of total load.

Determination of Long Term Deflections:

0

1
TDF := 1.2
1.4

2.0
( t) :=

0

.25
Time := .5 yr
1

5

2 if t 5yr
linterp( Time , TDF , t ) otherwise

' :=

A's
b d

( t ) :=

=0

( t)
1 + 50 '

CES: 6706: Advanced Reinforced Concrete

4/10

Homework #7

Due Date 10/17/2016

Rishabh Lala

Recalculating the Deflections with with ACI 318-14 Long Term Load Multipliers:
Assumptions: 1. Partition and superimposed DL are applied together. 2. After 60 days of Shoring Removal, the
superimposed load is applied without any delay/
5wo Ln

o :=
= 0.085 in
384 Ec Ie M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr

Increments :

LT_o := ( 5yr) - ( 60day) o = 0.114 in

(WsDL) Ln

Assuming Live Loads are applied after 60 days after shoring


and formwork is removed.

sDL :=

= 0.283 in
384 Ec Ie M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr

Super Imposed Deflection modified with reduced moment of


Inertia

DL_LL :=

( wo + WsDL + WLL) Ln = 1.074 in Deflection modified with reduced moment of Inertia

384 Ec Ie( M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr)


5

LT_sDL := ( 5yr) - ( 60day) sDL = 0.38 in

( WsLL) Ln

ACI Multiplier multiplied to deflection due to superimposed


dead load.

sLL :=

= 0.257 in
384 Ec Ie M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr

LT_sLL := ( 5yr) - ( 60day) sLL = 0.346 in

Deflection modified with reduced moment of Inertia

Summation of Long Term Deflections

Answer II 5yrs_ACI_multiplier_approach := LL + LT_o + LT_sDL + LT_sLL = 1.546 in


Increment of Deflections from the first application of the Dead Loads

self weight 5 years +SDL at 5 years+


sustained LL at five years +

5yrs_ACI_multiplier_approach - DL = 1.178 in

CES: 6706: Advanced Reinforced Concrete

5/10

Homework #7

Due Date 10/17/2016

Ln + 8in 2

= 1.317 in

240
Ln + 8in 2

Summation of the long term deflections is more than the


limit i.e. 1.317<1.674. This means, damange is likely to
occur.
Partitions are likely to be damaged, since 0.658<1.317.

= 0.658 in

480

Rishabh Lala

t := 365 5 = 1.825 10

Assuming load is applied at 60th day

to := 60
Ultimate creep coefficient in absence of data

Eq. A-19; ACI 209.2R-08; Ultimate creep coefficient


in absence of specific creep data

:= 2.35
Using ACI 209R recommended values in absence of
specific data:
d c := 10
:= 0.6

( t - to )

d c + ( t - to)

( t) :=

( t ) = 0.899

Eq. A-18; ACI 209.2R-08; creep coefficient at concrete


age t due to a load applied at age to

( )

tLT := 2.02
Long Term Modulus of Elasticity
1.5

c
Ec( f ) := 33
f psi
pcf

( )

Eq. A-16; ACI 209.2R-08; Concrete modulus of elasticity

Ecmto := Ec f'c = 3.834 10 ksi


Ecmto

Ece ( t ) :=

n :=

1 + ( t)

Es
Ece ( t )

Ece ( t ) = 1.27 10 ksi

Effective modulus as a function of time to track deflections

= 22.8

2
A

As
s
2 As
+ 2 n = 0.587
k := -n
+ n
b d
b d
b d
3

b h
4 4
Ig :=
= 1.382 10 in
12
CES: 6706: Advanced Reinforced Concrete

6/10

Homework #7

Icr :=

Due Date 10/17/2016

b ( k d)

Rishabh Lala

+ n As ( d - k d ) = 1.608 10 in

3
M 3
Mcr

cr
Ie( M a , M cr) := I
Ig + 1 -

Ma
M a cr

return I if I < Ig
Ig otherwise

(WsDL) Ln4

sDL :=

= 0.501 in
384 Ece ( t) Ie M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr

DL_LL :=

(wo + WsDL + WLL) Ln4

= 1.903 in
384 Ece ( t ) Ie( M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr)
5

LT_sDL := ( 5yr) sDL = 1.002 in

(WsLL) Ln4

sLL :=

= 0.456 in
384 Ece ( t) Ie M o + M sDL + M LL , M cr

LT_sLL := ( 5yr) sLL = 0.911 in

Answer III
5yrs_Ece_approach := LL + LT_o + LT_sDL + LT_sLL = 2.734 in
Effective_Modulus_Approach_is_more_by := 5yrs_Ece_approach - 5yrs_ACI_multiplier_approach = 1.188 in
DL_LL = 1.903 in
Ln + 8in 2
240
Ln + 8in 2
480

= 1.317 in

= 0.658 in

CES: 6706: Advanced Reinforced Concrete

7/10

Homework #7

Due Date 10/17/2016

Rishabh Lala

Answer IV
Determination of deflection, whether they meet ACI criterion or not:

Criterion:
Floor_LL_Limit :=

Ln + 6in 2
360

= 0.867 in

5yrs_Ece_approach = 2.734 in
5yrs_ACI_multiplier_approach = 1.546 in

The deflections do not meet ACI deflection criterion of Floor Beams.

Answer V
Measures when Deflections do not meet the ACI Requirements
The following are the measures that are known to reduce deflections in beams:
1. Providing confinement in the beam reduces deflection due to spalling effect.
2. Increasing the yield strength of concrete, improves the modulus of elasticity of concrete.
3. Increasing the flexural rigidity of concrete, which inversely affects the deflection
4. Providing intermediate column so as to reduce span length; for square of span length is directly proportional to
deflection
5. Taking measures to reduce weight coming on the beam, if possible. Some of them could be, reduction in the slab
thickness which results in eventually less weight of slab.
6. Adding flexible joints with partition walls or providing gap tolerances between partition walls and beams, will mitigate
cracks to a great extent.

CES: 6706: Advanced Reinforced Concrete

8/10

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