Modeling, Analysis &

Design of RC Building
Using ETABS
(Metric Units)
ACECOMS, AIT
 Table of Content

Objective 5

Problem 5

Step by Step 12

1. Start Model with Template 12

2. Define Material Properties 14

3. Define Member Sections 15

4. Draw the Members 20

5. Define Load Cases and Assign Loads 50

6. Define Mass Source 61

7. Define the Design Codes 62

8. Assign Rigid Diaphragm and Mesh the Frame 64

9. Add Load Combinations 66

10. Set Analysis Options 68

11. Run Analysis 69

12. Run Concrete Frame Design and View the Results 70

13. Run Shear Wall Design and View the Results 75

14. Check Story Drift 82

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Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling,
analysis and design of 10 story RC building by static lateral
force procedure.

Problem
Carry out analysis, and design of 10 story RC building as
shown in following details using UBC-97 static lateral force
procedure.

3D View

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Plan View (Unit in m)

BASE STORY 4

STORY 5 STORY 8

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STORY 9 STORY 10

Elevation View

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Elevation View of Elevator Shaft

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Material Properties for Concrete (Unit in kg and cm)

Section Properties

Member Dimension

Beam B1 (width x height) 30 x 60 cm

Beam B2 (width x height) 40 x 80 cm

Column C1 40 x 40 cm

Column C2 50 x 50 cm

Slab Thickness = 15 cm

Shear wall Thickness = 20 cm

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Story Height Data

Story Height

Typical Story 3.00 m

Static Load Cases

Load
Load Type Details Value
Name

Self Weight of Structural Members

Calculate automatically using Self -
DEAD Dead Load Weight Multiplier in ETABS

Uniform Load on Slabs:

0.20 t/m2
(Finishing + Partition Load)

Reducible Uniform Load on Slabs:

LIVE 0.25 t/m2
Live Load (Use Tributary Area: UBC97)

Wind Load Cases (UBC97)

Load Case
Parameter
WINDX WINDY

Wind Direction X Y

Wind Speed 70 mph

Exposure Type B (Suburban area)

Importance Factor 1 (Building normal importance)

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Static Lateral Force Parameters (UBC-97)

Parameter Values Remark

Seismic Zone 2A
Seismic Zone Factor 0.15 Table 16-I (UBC-97)
Soil Profile Type SD
Dual Systems
Concrete Shear Walls
Overstrength Factor 6.5
with Concrete IMRF
Table 16-N (UBC-97)
Importance Factor 1 Table 16-K (UBC-97)
Section 1630.2.2
Ct 0.02
(UBC-97)
Section 1630.6
Eccentricity Ratio 0.05
(UBC-97)

Static Lateral Force Case

Direction and
Load Case Name % Eccentricity
Eccentricity
EQX X Dir + Eccen. Y 0.05
EQNX X Dir - Eccen. Y 0.05
EQY Y Dir + Eccen. X 0.05
EQNY Y Dir - Eccen. X 0.05

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Step by Step

1. Start Model with Template

Step 1-1: Select Working Unit and Start New Model using Template

Start up screen of ETABS, select working unit to be ton-m at drop-down menu on

the bottom-right of screen and click on New Model button to start new model
using template

Note: Click the Default.edb button. This means that the definitions and
preferences will be initialized (get their initial values) from the Default.edb file that is
in the same directory as your ETABS.exe file. If the Default.edb file does not exist in
this directory then the definitions and preferences are initialized using ETABS built-in
defaults.

You should create your Default.edb file such that you most commonly click this
button.

In some cases you may want to click the Choose.edb button and specify a different
file from which the definitions and preferences are to be initialized. For example, a
certain client or project may require certain things in your model to be done in a
certain way that is different from your typical office standards. You could have a
specific .edb file set up for this client or project which could then be used to initialize
all models for the client or project. This will allow setting of the repeatedly used
preferences.

Click the No button if you just want to use the built-in ETABS defaults.

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Step 1-2: Specify Grid and Story Dimension

Specify grid dimension and story dimension as shown in figure below. Select Grid
Only option to add the structural objects later.

Step 1-3: Save the Model

The grid system has been created as parameters specified from previous steps. Go
to File >> Save, and save the file.

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2. Define Material Properties

Step 2-1: Change Working Unit

Change working unit to kg-cm and go to Define >> Material. Click Add New
Material button to add the new concrete material.

Note: You may select N-mm or Kip-in or whatever unit to input material properties.

Step 2-2: Specify the Material Properties

Specify material properties of concrete (fc = 240 ksc) as shown in the figure below.

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3. Define Member Sections

Step 3-1: Define Frame Section for Beam (30 cm x 60 cm)

Go to Define >> Frame Sections and select on Add Rectangular from second
drop-down menu. Enter beam section properties for B1 as shown in figure below.

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Step 3-2: Define Frame Section for Beam (40 cm x 80 cm)

Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter beam section
properties for B2 as shown in figure below.

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Step 3-3: Define Frame Section for Column (40 cm x 40 cm)

Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter column section
properties for C1 as shown in figure below.

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Step 3-4: Define Frame Section for Column (50 cm x 50 cm)

Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter column section
properties for C2 as shown in figure below.

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Step 3-5: Define Area Section for Slab (15 cm thk.)

Go to Define >> Wall/Slab/Deck Sections and select on Add New Slab from
drop-down menu. Enter slab section properties as shown in figure below.

Step 3-6: Define Area Section for Wall (20 cm thk.)

Select on Add New Wall from drop-down menu. Enter wall section properties as
shown in figure below.

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4. Draw the Members

Step 4-1: Change View to Plan View and Change Working Unit to Ton-m

Activate left window by clicking on left window area, click on Set Plan View button
and select STORY1. Change working unit to Ton-m

Step 4-2: Draw Columns at Story 1

Click on button, select the property of column in Properties of Object dialogue.

Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.

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Step 4-3: Draw Beams at Story 1

Click on button, select the property of beam in Properties of Object dialogue.

Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.

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Step 4-4: Draw Slabs at Story 1

Click on button, select the property of slab in Properties of Object dialogue.

Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.

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Step 4-5: Set Building View Options

Click on button, set the building as shown in the figure below.

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Step 4-6: Assign the Beam Section (B2)

Select the beams along Y-direction. Go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Frame
Section, and assign B40x80 section as shown in the figure below.

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Step 4-7: Mesh the Slabs

Select all the slabs and go to Edit >> Mesh Areas. Enter the number of meshes as
shown in the figure below.

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Step 4-8: Draw the Wall

Click on Rubber Band Zoom button to zoom plan view at shear wall location. Go
to Draw >> Draw Point Objects, enter Plan Offset X in Properties of Object
dialogue and click 4 nodes as shown in figure below.

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Click on button and select the property of wall in Properties of Object

dialogue. Draw the wall segments from node to node as shown in figure below.

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Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, and select wall to select the walls.

Go to Edit >> Replicate, and replicate mirror about the line as shown in the figure
below.

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Step 4-9: Delete the beams on the wall

Select the beams on the walls and delete them.

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Step 4-10: Draw the Beams Connecting to the Wall

Click on button and select B40x80 in Properties of Object dialogue. draw

the beams connecting the columns and the walls.

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Step 4-11: Change the Stiffness Modifiers

Select the beams connecting to the wall. Go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Frame
Property Modifiers, and change the torsional stiffness as shown in the figure
below.

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Step 4-12: Mesh the Floor between the Core Walls

Select the floor between the core walls. Go to Edit >> Mesh Areas, mesh the floor at
the intersection with wall segments as shown in the figure below.

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Step 4-13: Delete the Floor inside the Core Walls

Select the floor inside the core walls and delete them as shown in the figure below.

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Step 4-14: Draw Developed Elevation Definition

Go to Draw >> Draw Developed Elevation Definition, type H1 in the Developed

Elevation Name and click Add New Name. Click OK and draw the line as shown
in the figure below.

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Do the same step as above for other developed elevations of core walls as shown
in the figure below.

H2

V1 V2 V3

H1

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Step 4-15: Make the Openings in Walls

Go to Select >> Select Area Object Type, and select Wall. Go to View >> Show
Selection Only.

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Click on and select H1 and click OK.

Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, and select wall.

Go to Edit >> Mesh Areas, and mesh the walls as shown in the figure below..

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Click on Rubber Band Zoom button to zoom elevation view H1. Delete the wall
segments for openings as shown in the figure below.

Do the same step as above for elevation H2 and delete the wall segments for
openings.

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Step 4-16: Assign Pier Labels and Spandrel Labels

Click on and select 2 and click OK. Select the walls and go to Assign >>
Shell/Area >> Pier Label, select pier name P1 and click OK as shown in the
figure below.

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Click on and select H1 and click OK. Click on Rubber Band Zoom button
to zoom elevation view at shear wall location. Select the walls at the left side and go
to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Pier Label, type pier name P2 in the Pier Name Box.
Click Add New Name and then OK as shown in the figure below.

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Select the walls above the opening and go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Spandrel
Label, select spandrel name S1 and click OK as shown in the figure below.

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Perform the same steps as above to assign the pier label and spandrel as shown in
the following figure.

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Step 4-17: Replicate the Floor

Click on button, select STORY 1 and change to plan view as shown in the
figure below. Go to View >> Show All.

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Select the members by windowing and go to Edit >> Replicate. Select from
STORY 2 to STORY 10 in Story tab and replicate as shown in the figure below.

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Step 4-18: Delete the Members

Click on button, select STORY 5. Select and delete the members as shown in
the figure below.

Repeat the above step for STORY 6, 7 and 8.

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Click on button, select STORY 9. Select and delete the members as shown in
the figure below.

Repeat the above step for STORY 10.

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Step 4-19: Assign the Columns

Click on and select 1 and click OK. Select the columns as shown in the
figure below.

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Go to Assign >> Frame Line >> Frame Section, and select C50x50 and click
OK.

Repeat the above steps to assign the columns in Elevations 2, 3 and 4.

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Step 4-20: Assign the Supports

Click on button, select BASE and change to plan view as shown in the figure
below. Select the points by windowing as shown in the figure below.

Go to Assign >> Joint/Point >> Restraints (Supports), and restrained all DOFs
as shown in the figure below.

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5. Define Load Cases and Assign Loads

Step 5-1: Define Load Cases

Go to Define >> Static Load Cases, modify the LIVE Load as Reducible Live
Load as shown in the figure below.

Add SDL Load as Superimposed Dead Load as shown in the figure below.

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Add WX Load as Wind Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the WX Load as shown in the figure below.

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Add WY Load as Wind Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the WY Load as shown in the figure below.

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Add EQX Load as Quake Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the EQX Load as shown in the figure below.

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Add EQNX Load as Quake Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the EQNX Load as shown in the figure below.

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Add EQY Load as Quake Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the EQY Load as shown in the figure below.

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Add EQNY Load as Quake Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the EQY Load as shown in the figure below.

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Step 5-2: Define Special Seismic Load Effects

Go to Define >> Special Seismic Load Effects, and enter the parameters to
consider in special seismic design as shown in the figure below.

E = Eh + Ev (30-1)

Em = 0 Eh (30-2)

E = the earthquake load on an element of the structure resulting

from the combination of the horizontal component, Eh, and the
vertical component Ev

Eh = the earthquake load due to the base shear, V, as set forth in

Section 1630.2 or the design lateral force, Fp, as set forth in
Section 1632

Ev = the load effect resulting from the vertical component of the

earthquake ground motion and is equal to an addition of 0.5 Ca
ID to the dead load effect, D, for Strength Design, and may be
taken as zero for Allowable Stress Design

In this case Ca = 0.22, 0.5 Ca I = 0.5 x 0.22 x 1 = 0.11

0 = the seismic force amplification factor that is required to account

for structural overstrength, as set forth in Section 1630.3.1

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= Reliability/Redundancy Factor as given by the following formula

= 2 20 / (rmax x sqrt(AB)) (30-3)

= 2 6.1 / (rmax x sqrt(AB)) (For SI)

rmax = the maximum element-story shear ratio. For a given direction of

loading, the element-story shear ratio is the ratio of the design
story shear in the most heavily loaded single element divided by
the total design story shear. For any given Story Level i, the
element story shear ratio is denoted as ri. The maximum
element-story shear ratio rmax is defined as the largest of the
element story shear ratios, ri, which occurs in any of the story
levels at or below the two-thirds height level of building.

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Step 5-3: Assign the Loads

Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, select Floor as shown in the figure below.

Go to Assign >> Shell/Area Loads >> Uniform, and assign Live Load of 0.25 t/m2
as shown in the figure below.

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Click on to reselect the floor areas. Go to Assign >> Shell/Area Loads >>
Uniform, and assign SDL Load of 0.2 t/m2 as shown in the figure below.

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6. Define Mass Source

Step 6-1: Define Mass Source

Go to Define >> Mass Source, and add the mass from loads as shown in the figure
below.

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7. Define the Design Codes

Step 7-1: Define Design Code for Concrete Frame Design

Go to Options >> Preferences >> Concrete Frame Design, change the Design
Code

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Step 7-2: Define Design Code for Shear Wall Design

Go to Options >> Preferences >> Shear Wall Design, change the Design Code

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8. Assign Rigid Diaphragm and Mesh the Frame

Step 8-1: Assign Rigid Diaphragm

Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, and select Floor.

Go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Diaphragms, select D1 and click OK.

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Step 8-2: Mesh the Frame

Click on button and go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Automatic Frame

Subdivide, select the second option as shown in the figure below.

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9. Add Load Combinations

Step 9-1: Add Load Combinations

Go to Define >> Add Default Design Combos, and add the default combinations
as shown in the figure below.

Click on button and go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> View/Revise
Overwrites, change Element Type to Sway Intermediate as shown in the figure
below.

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Step 9-2: Special Seismic Data

Go to Define >> Special Seismic Load Effects, and select no to include Special
Seismic Design Data as shown in the figure below.

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10. Set Analysis Options

Step 10-1: Set Analysis Options

Go to Analyze >> Set Analysis Options, and set the Dynamic Parameters as
shown in the figure below.

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11. Run Analysis

Step 11-1: Run Analysis

Go to Analyze >> Run Analysis or click on Run Analysis button to start

analysis.
ETABS will display deformed shape of model when analysis complete.

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12. Run Concrete Frame Design and View the Results

Step 12-1: Run Concrete Frame Design
Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Start Design/Check Structure.

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Step 12-2: View the Results

Click on button, and set up the building view options as shown in the following
figure.

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Activate the left window and Click on button, select STORY 1. Change the
working unit to kg-cm. Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Display
Design Info, select design output as shown in the following figure.

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Right click on the member to view the design details.

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Beam Reinforcement Column Reinforcement

Top
Reinforcement Minor Shear
Reinforcement

2 2
Shear Major Shear
Reinforcement Reinforcement
3 3

Longitudinal
Reinforcement
Bottom
Reinforcement

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13. Run Shear Wall Design and View the Results

Step 13-1: Run Shear Wall Design

Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Start Design/Check Structure.

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Step 13-2: View the Results

Click on button, and set up the building view options as shown in the following
figure.

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Activate the left window, click on button and select H1. Click on Rubber Band
Zoom button to zoom elevation view at shear wall location. Right click on the
pier to view the design details.

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Reinforcement Details in Pier

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Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Display Design Info, select design output
as shown in the following figure.

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Reinforcement Details in Spandrel

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Note: Typical Detailing of Shear Wall

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14. Check Story Drift

P- Effects

In general, P- effects need not be considered when the stability coefficient ()

defined as the ratio of secondary moments to primary moments, is less than or equal
to 0.1. The stability coefficient () for a given story can be computed from the
following equation:

= Px / (Vx hsx)

Px = total unfactored gravity load at and above level x

= seismic story drift

Vx = seismic shear force between levels x and x-1

hsx = story height below level x

From ETABS,

/ hsx is extracted from diaphragm drift of ETABS results.

Px is extracted by section cut.

V is extracted from story shear.

Compute and if < 1, P- effects needs not be considered.

In Seismic Zones 3 and 4, P- effects need not be considered when the story drift ()
is less than or equal to 0.02hsx / R.

Story Drift Limitations

According to 1630.10, story drifts shall be computed using the maximum inelastic
response displacement (M), which is an approximation of the displacement that
occurs when the structure is subjected to the design basis ground motion:

M = 0.7 R S

S is the design level response displacements.

For structures with a fundamental period (T) less than 0.7 seconds, the calculated
story drift using M shall not be exceed 0.025 times the story height. For structures

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with T greater than or equal to 0.7 seconds, the story drift shall not exceed 0.020
times the story height.

From ETABS,

Calculated story drift is determined by multiplying the diaphragm drift into 0.7 x R.

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