CoupleFil.

com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis

Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis

3rd EUROPEAN
USER GROUP MEETING

Martin Wild & Rony Fglistaller

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis

Introduction
Introduction

Design Flow
Design Flow

Approximation
Approximation

Synthesis
Synthesis

Demo
Demo

Conclusion
Conclusion
CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Introduction

Definition cross-coupled filter

Narrow single or multiple bandpass filters
Fewer number of resonators
Better through loss
CoupleFil to reduce time and effort to develop cross-
coupled filter designs

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Design Flow

Filter Specification
Solving approximation problem
Synthesis of the transversal coupling
matrix
Topology transformation to get the
optimal coupling structure
Evalution of mechanical dimensions
out of coupling bandwidths
Filter simulation with field simulation
tool such as CST

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Approximation

Find optimal transmission and reflexion curve

Two polynomials are required to describe filter characteristic

S21 (s ) =
2 1
F(s )
2

1+
P(s )

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Approximation

P-polynomial contains transmission zeros

F-polynomial contains reflexion zeros
Finding the best position for the transmission zeros is the
approximation problem
RZ1 RZ2 RZ3 RZ4
For a simple bandpass the F-polynomial can be calculated
directly out of the transmission zeros and the filter order

TZ1 TZ2

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis


Synthesis

Construct admittance matrix out of F- and P-polynomials

from approximation


Get elements for transversal coupling matrix out of
admittance coefficients

0 m m
0.766SN
.. m m
0 0.649 S1 0.407 S2
0SL

 0.649 m1S1.512

M = 0.407

M=

0.766
m
:
2S 0
0
m11 00 .. 0 0 0.649
0
:
m
1.348
0 :
22 ..
.
0 0
:
m1L
m
0.407
:
0.431 0.766
1L

0 m NS m NN m03L

0 ..0.766
0.6490 0.407

m LS m L1 m L2 .. m LN 0

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Synthesis Matrix Transformations

Transform transversal coupling matrix to desired filter

topology
Cascade tuplets for optimal tunable result
N-tuplet contain N-2 transmission zeros

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Synthesis Example

Coupling bandwidths, center frequencies and external

quality factors
Design filter in CST

0 0.9923 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.9923 0.0231 0.6769 0.4669 0.0736 0 0 0 0 0

0 0.6769 0.6326 0.4133 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.4669 0.4133 0.0364 0.5609


0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0.5609 0.0713 0.5027 0.2309 0 0 0
M=
0 0 0 0 0.5027 0.3860 0.5089 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0.2309 0.5089 0.1067 0.4362 0.4900 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4362 0.6600 0.6645 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4900 0.6645 0.0231 0.9923

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9923 0

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Demo

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Conclusion

Cross-coupling results in steeper frequency edges, reduces

filter order and improves through loss
Direct synthesis
0 leads to exactTransmission
and proper Detail
results
DB(|S(2,1)|)
New design
Easy tunable results due to mathematical
1747.5 MHz topologyCOMLAB
(6 resonators)
transformations
-0.2
-0.2657 dB
Old design
DB(|S(2,1)|)
COMLAB_ALT
(9 resonators)

-0.4

1747.5 MHz
Transmission -0.4223 dB
0
-0.6 DB(|S(2,1)|)
New design
COMLAB
(6 resonators)
-20 Old design
DB(|S(2,1)|)
(9 resonators)
COMLAB_ALT

-40 -0.8

-60

-1
-80
1700 1720 1740 1760 1780 1800
-100 Frequency (MHz)
1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900
Frequency (MHz)

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Discussion

QUESTIONS?

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion

CoupleFil.com Cross-Coupled Filter Synthesis
Literature

Approximation:
H. J. Orchard: Filter Design Using Transformed Variables, IEEE Transactions on
Circuit Theory, Vol. CT-15, No. 4, December 1968
Synthesis:
R. J, Cameron: Advanced Coupling Matrix Synthesis Techniques for Microwave
Filters, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 51, No. 1,
January 2003
R. J. Cameron: General Coupling Matrix Synthesis Methods for Chebyshev
Filtering Functions, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol.
47, No. 4, April 1999
S. Amari: Adaptive Synthesis and Design of Resonator Filters With Source/Load-
Multiresonator Coupling, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
Vol. 50, No. 8, August 2002
Simulation:
J. B. Ness: A Unified Approach to the Design, Measurement and Tuning of
Coupled-Resonator Filters, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and
Techniques, Vol. 46, No. 4, April 1998
J. B. Thomas: Cross-Coupling in Coaxial Cavity Filters A Tutorial Overview, IEEE
Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 51, No. 4, April 2003
Six-Pole Bandpassfilter with Single Cross-Coupling, CST Article-ID: 136

Introduction Design Flow Approximation Synthesis Demo Conclusion