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Tute Signals

This document contains 12 tutorial sheets covering topics related to signals and systems. The sheets include problems on determining whether signals are periodic or not, sketching signals, analyzing linear time-invariant systems, computing convolutions, working with z-transforms, designing digital filters using techniques like windowing, and more. Students are provided with theoretical concepts and guided through examples to solve related engineering problems.

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Nikhil Kum
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164 views12 pages

Tute Signals

This document contains 12 tutorial sheets covering topics related to signals and systems. The sheets include problems on determining whether signals are periodic or not, sketching signals, analyzing linear time-invariant systems, computing convolutions, working with z-transforms, designing digital filters using techniques like windowing, and more. Students are provided with theoretical concepts and guided through examples to solve related engineering problems.

Uploaded by

Nikhil Kum
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial sheet no.

1. Check the following signals are periodic or non-periodic.


(a) xa (t ) 3cos(5t )
6


(b) x(n) 3cos(5n )
6

n n
(c) x(n) cos( ) cos( )
8 8

2. Sketch the following signals

(a) x(n) cos(0 n)U ( n)

(b) x(n) sin(0 n)U (n)

(c) Unit impulse function

(d) Unit step and exponential function

n , 2 n 2
3. If x(n) then obtain
0, elsewhere

1
(a) y ( n) ( x(n 1) x( n) x( n 1))
3

(b) y ( n) x (2n) (c) y (n) x (2n 2 )


Tutorial sheet no.2

n
1 3 , 3 n 1

1. If x(n) 1, 0 n 3
0, elsewhere

then determine its value and sketch the signal x(n) , x(n 4) , x( n 4) , and x( n 4) .

2. Show that ( n) U ( n) U ( n 1) .

n
3. Prove that U (n) (k ) ( n k ) .
k k 0

4. Show that energy of a real valued energy signal is equal to the sum of the energies of its
even and odd components.

5. y ( n) T x(n) x(n )
2

Determine whether the system is time variant or time invariant.

6. (a) y ( n) x (n) nx(n 1)

(b) y ( n) x (n) cos( n)

Examine whether the system is:-

(a) Static or dynamic


(b) Linear or non-linear
(c) Stable or unstable
(d) Time variant or invariant
(e) Causal or non causal.

Tutorial sheet no.3


n 1
1. y ( n) x (k )
k

Examine whether the system is:-

(a) Static or dynamic


(b) Linear or non-linear
(c) Stable or unstable
(d) Time variant or invariant
(e) Causal or non causal.

2. Prove or disprove that if T1 and


T2 are stable then T is stable, where
x(n T1 T2 y(n
) ) T= T1 .T2

3. Compute the convolution of the following sequences

x(n) a nU (n) , and h(n) b nU (n) when a b and a b .

Tutorial sheet no.4


1. Express the overall impulse response in terms of h 1(n), h2(n), h3(n) and h4(n).

2. Determine direct form-II realization for each of the following LTI systems:-

(a) 2y(n) +y(n-1) -4y(n-3) = x(n) + 3x(n-5).


(b) y(n) = x(n)- x(n-1) + 2x(n-2) + y(n-1).

3. Determine the range of values of parameter a for which the LTI system with impulse
response:-

h (n) = a n, for n>=0; n is even

0 elsewhere

4. Determine the response of relaxed system characterized by the impulse response h (n) =
(1/2)n U(n) to the input signals:-

a) x (n)= 2n U(n).
b) x (n)= U(-n).

Tutorial sheet no.5


1. Determine the z-transform and sketch the ROC of the following signals:-

a) x1(n)= (1/3)n , for n>=0


(1/2)-n, for n<0.

b) x2(n)=(1/3)n- (2)n, for n>=0


0, for n<0.

2. If X(z) is the z-transform of x(n) then express the z-transform of

Y(n)= in terms of X(z).

3. Determine the signal x(n) whose z transform is given as

X(z)=log(1+a/z) , ROC: z > a


Tutorial sheet no.6

1. Determine x(n) if:-

X(z) =log(1-(1/2z)); z >1/2.

2. Draw the pole-zero pattern for the signal:

x(n)=(rn sin0n) U(n), 0<r<1.

4. Determine the signal x (n) with z-transform X(z) =ez + e-z , z 0 .

5. Determine the causal signal x (n) if its z-transform X (z)is given by pole-zero pattern in
the Figure shown below. The constant G=1/4.

z- plane
r=

4
- - 1/2
1/2 1/4
Tutorial sheet no.7

1. Show that following systems are equivalent :-

a) Y1(n)=0.2y(n-1) + x(n) 0.3x(n-1) + 0.02x(n-2)


b) Y2(n)=x(n) - 0.1 x(n-1)

2. Consider the sequence x(n)=a n U(n), -1<a<1. Determine at least two sequences that are
not equal to x(n) but have the same autocorrelation.

3. Compute the response of the system

y(n)=0.7y(n-1)-0.12y(n-2) + x(n-1) +x(n-2) to the input sequence x(n)=n U(n).

Also discuss the stability of the system.


Tutorial sheet no.8

1. X(z)= 1/(1-(2z)-1) , z <0.5

Determine x(n) using contour integration.

2. Determine the impulse response and step response of the following causal systems. Also
plot the pole-zero patterns and determine which of the systems are stable:-

(a) y(n)= y(n-1) 0.5y(n-2) +x(n) +x(n-1)


(b) y(n)=0.6Y(n-1) 0.08y(n-2) +x(n)

3. Determine the output response of the system:-

y(n)= 0.5y(n-1) + 4x(n) +3x(n-1) for the input x(n)= e j0n U (n).

Tutorial sheet no.9


1. If x1(n)={2,1,2,1} and x2(n)={1,2,3,4} then determine x3(n), where x3(n) is the circular
convolution of x1(n) and x2(n).
2. x(n)=[3,0,-2,0,2,1,0,-2,-1,0] and h(n)=[2,2,1]
Determine output response y(n) of the FIR filter using overlap add and overlap save
method.
3. Determine the DFT of the sequence
1
,0 n 2
x ( n) 4
0, elsewhere

4. Compute circular convolution of the following sequences by DFT method:


x(n)={0,1,2,3} and
h(n)={2,1,1,2} .
Tutorial sheet no.10

1. Derive the DFT of the sample data sequence x(n)= {1 1 2 2 3 3} and compute the
corresponding amplitude and phase spectrum.

2. Compute 4-point DFT of the sequence


n
x(n) cos( )
4

3. Compute N-point DFT of x(n)=an U(n), 0<a<1.

4. Compute 8-point circular convolution for following sequences:


x1(n)={1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0}
n
x2(n)= sin( ) , 0 n 7
4
5. X(K)= {1 2 3 4}, Determine x(n).

Tutorial sheet no.11


1. A sequence x(n)={1,2,3,4,4,3,2,1} is given. Determine the X(k) using radix-2 DIT FFT
algorithm.

2. Repeat question 1 using radix-2 DIF FFT algorithm.

3. Compute IDFT of the sequence:


X(k)=(2, 0.5-j1.207, 0, 0.5-j0.207, 0, 0.5+j0.207, 0, 0.5+j1.21)

5. Determine the N-point DFT of the Blackman and Hamming window.


6. If X(k) is the DFT of the sequence x(n), determine the N-point DFTs of the sequences.
2 kn
xc (n) x(n) cos( ), 0 n N 1 and
N
2 kn
xs (n) x(n)sin( ), 0 n N 1 in terms of X(k).
N

Tutorial sheet no.12


1. Determine the coefficients of a 25-tap filter based on window method using rectangular,
Hamming, Hanning, and Blackman window:
Hd (ej )= 1 for 4

0 for < < 3

1 for 3 2

0 for 2<

2. The desired frequency response of a LPF


Hd (ej )= e-j3 3 4 3 4

0 3 4 < w

Determine H (ej ) for N=7 using a rectangular and hamming window.


3. Transform an analog filter with transfer function shown below to a digital filter using
backward difference method of derivatives.

H(s)= +3)(s+5)

4. Design a band pass filter which approximates the ideal filter with cut-off frequencies at 0.2
rad/sec and 0.3 rad/sec. The filter order is M=7. Use the Hamming window function.
5. A digital filter with 3dB bandwidth of 0.25 is to be designed from the analog filter whose
system response is
c
H (s)
s c
Use bilinear transformation and obtain H(z).

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