OPTIMIZATION OF SYSTEMS

DISTRIBUTED UNDER IEC 61499 NORM

USING ISA 88 STANDARD.
Andrs Gonzlez Bassante1, Luis Puma Caiza2, Santiago Tisalema3, Gabriel Paredes Manobanda4

Universidad Tcnica de Ambato

Ambato - Ecuador

andresgonzalezb31@gmail.com1, luisalbertopuma@gmail.com2, santiago_tisalema@yahoo.es3, gparedes311@hotmail.com4

ABSTRACT: The application of the ISA 88 II. STANDARD ISA 88

standard using its process control criteria-using batch,
applied in automation is widely diffused worldwide, since a The standard as such provides a guide for the
global process can be divided into several subsystems that design of batch control systems, where terminology and
run in parallel, achieving optimization in operation. The
set of descriptive models are defined. The main idea that
standard IEC 61499 describes models to implement
distributed control systems this makes the complementation ISA 88 handles is to divide the product manufacturing
of these two standards work together to streamline the process using the working knowledge of the equipment
services they both have. used by the process, describing a batch process in
various degrees of detail.
KEYWORDS: Control, Batch, Model, Services.

I. INTRODUCTION

For the ISA S88 industry, they provide domain

models for the control of batch production processes.
These models give a description of the continuous
production of finite quantities of materials (batch) with
two different points of view. The first point of view, of
the technical engineering of the process, focuses on the
problem of "What should be done?". The second point
of view, that of control engineering focuses on the
problem of "how to do?". S88 defines models and
proposes a development process.

However, this does not define the means to Fig 1. Procces of ISA 88
implement the controls to be designed. At this point, the
industry points out its concepts in control engineering. The batch processes addressed in this standard lead
At present the standard IEC 61499 defines a model that to the production of finite quantities of material
is used in the different programming languages for the (batches) by subjecting these quantities of inputs to a
centralized control of the systems, logically currently defined order of process actions with one or more pieces
used in the PLCs since these devices are appreciated for of equipment.
their scalability and high functionality.
From the point of view of the process begins with
This analysis will be the combination of ISA 88 an abstract knowledge of the same, ie applying its own
standard for the design of batch processes with IEC nature (chemical, nutritional, mechanical industrial),
61499 that is responsible for the design for applications hence the control model departs towards a vision
and distributed control. separated by stages adapted to the lot of the plant
industrial.

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 them. The function blocks are not executed until they
The batch-based control model describes the receive an input signal, so they remain in a state of rest
actions to be taken and in what order them to achieve until their execution is necessary. This way of execution
the desired process. The description of the physical aims at portability and reuse of the function blocks,
model deals with sensors and actuators, their control because each function block has Its context and is
signals and what they perform within the process. executed only in response to a complaint, we can that
this behaves as a unit totally independent of the rest
The physical model that can be used to describe the
physical assets of companies, sites, areas, process cells,
units, equipment modules and control modules. The
physical assets of a company involved in batch
manufacturing are organized hierarchically
Lower-level clusters combine to form levels in the
hierarchy. In some cases, a grouping within one level
may be another grouping at that level.

The model has seven levels, starting at the top with

a company, a site and an area. The three lower levels are
often defined by business considerations and can be
modeled or not.

Fig 3. Function Block Design IEC 61499

Regarding the creation of the algorithms, it should

be noted that IEC 61499 does not define the language in
which it has to be programmed and, therefore, any
language that the implementation is able to interpret can
be executed.

In addition to the algorithms and control execution

(ECC) tables, a basic block has another characteristic, its
context, which can be defined as the set of global
variables for the whole block. The variables defined in
the context of the block can be used by all the
Fig 2. Physical Model ISA 88 algorithms of the block but in no case will be accessible
for an element outside this block.

III. IEC 61499

The IEC 61499 standard is a reference architecture

designed to facilitate the development of control
applications with decentralized logic. To do this, it
proposes an architecture based on function blocks (FB)
that are defined as the basic structural unit of the
models. Each block is characterized by its inputs,
outputs and internal functions, as well as the classic
block diagrams, from the inputs and the definition of the
block (internal behavior) we will have outputs. Through
the interconnection of simple blocks we can model
complex applications and models. The standard seeks to
take advantage of the extensive knowledge of engineers Fig 4. Publisher and subscriber in function blocks
in the development of block diagrams using this form of IEC 61499
modeling.
The IEC 61499 standard has broad vision and
Another of the notions of this standard, along with economic knowledge applied to industrial automation,
the definition of function block, is the way of executing ranging from companies that manufacture devices,

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business system integrators, etc., since they can offer a
wide range of interoperable software without being tied
to a single supplier.

A possible migration of IEC 61499 to the criterion

of batch modeling is feasible, logically a business
sacrifice must be made in terms of knowledge,
development tools and software, this change or
transition is supported by ISA 88 standard Which
defines control applications based on batches, within
physical conditions, procedural and control hierarchies. Fig 5. Function block for a computer

ISA 88 equipment and recipes are based on the IV. CONCLUSIONS

same object-oriented model as IEC 61499, so each type
of equipment and each recipe or model can be The IEC 61499 standard is an important tool for
implemented as a block diagram (FB). Each control the development of distributed control systems, now that
model can be implemented as an instance other than the it is capable of supporting complex control applications,
function block type of the corresponding master model. but to implement these applications, IEC 61499
programming and its execution environments must
A group of function blocks will provide the support not only its Basic form, but also the notion of
services that an FB model would use. The level of these abstract interfaces, as well as the management of SIFB
services are data and events in the respective interfaces resources.
of the function blocks, the amount of data and events,
are depending on the services provided. Currently the industrial and commercial
implementations of IEC 61499 do not seem to support
The composite equipment and model contains an these notions, so they are limited to simple control
FB (basic or compound) for each unit of equipment or applications, where the full potential of the standard has
the model procedure. They also contain a single basic not yet been exploited.
FB, this main FB has an Execution Control Chart (ECC)
that implements the model or state of the equipment, for IEC 61499 seems to be biased toward the support
example, inactive, in operation, complete and aborted. of control applications with a fixed structure, ie where
the connections between FBs are fixed.
Each of the internal FBs (represented by individual
units in the case of FB type equipment and model
procedure in the case of FB model types) will be a basic
REFERENCES
FB with an ECC that implements the state of the unit or
procedure itself Of the machine or equipment, or it will
be a composite FB that also contains its own main basic [1] Combining IEC 61499 and ISA S88 for Batch
FB with the status of the unit or procedure Implemented Control
in the ECC. D. Ivanova*, I. Batchkova*, S. Panjaitan**, F.
Wagner***, G. Frey*** Information Control Problems
in Manufacturing
Moscow, Russia, June 3-5, 2009

[2] PROCEDIMIENTO DE MODELADO ISA S88

PARA EJECUCIN DE RDENES DE
PRODUCCIN BASADAS EN RCIPES Werner
Yamid Serna Quilindo ISSN: 0124-8170

[3] ANSI/ISA88.011995 .Formerly ANSI/ISA

S88.011995. 23 October 1995

[4] NORMA IEC-61499 PARA EL CONTROL

DISTRIBUIDO.
APLICACIN AL CNC. Esteban Querol, Julio Ariel
Romero, Antonio M. Estruch, Fernando Romero . Dep.

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Enginyeria de Sistemes Industrials i Disseny .
Universitat Jaume I, Campus de Riu Sec, Castell.

[6] A Migration Path to IEC 61499 for the Batch Process

Industry . J. Peltola, J. Christensen, Member, IEEE, S.
Sierla, K. Koskinen, Member, IEEE

[7] Analyzing the Compatibility Between ISA 88 and

IEC 61499. Mrio de Sousa . Faculdade de Engenharia
Univ. do Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/ n 4200 Porto,
Portugal