International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)

ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-5, May 2014

An Interactive Model for Georesource Solution

Seeking Using Ontology
Akila Rani.M, Dr.D.Shanthi , Geethanjaly.R

while the classes are represented as pools of individuals of

Abstract A Geospatial notion ranges from the objects, the same category. The Properties contain the binary nature.
relations and the features corresponding to them which fall It has the directional links that bonds individuals from
under the domain of Geospatial ontologies. The vocabularies property domain to another in the property range.
needed to the search process can be expressed through the
Classification on the property into the object and the data
ontologies. A heuristic system is designed with the help of the
Resource Description Framework combining the knowledge
type is based on this range and the links with individuals and
gained from the domain expert, authentication for the solution the XML schema. OWL Description Logics is a OWL
seeker and the prediction of the ontology to offer the solution. specification sublanguage. All constructors present in that
The information retrieval in the spatial data ontology is language are included although with the help of the
complex. So a mechanism is projected for the Resource description logic, it logically expresses cons and pros in the
Description Framework (RDF) ontology for accessing the constructor practices for descriptions in knowledge and
geospatial data. As the RDF data accessing turns complicated, interferences. Property restrictions including the has value
the algorithm application of the N-Triple for producing the and the quantier expresses the geospatial classes and its
Subject, Object, and Predicates from RDFs data conversion is characteristics by limiting the individuals values. The has
applied. The implementation of the cache table is added to
Value restriction limits the individuals of a class to specic
enhance the speed. Demand replacement is used in the cache to
add the queries when the limit goes beyond the value indicated values.
by the cache. The query with the least demand value is
replaced by the new query. It makes the workflow to be II. RELATED WORKS
redirected to the already predicted solution. The retrieval of In [1], the system architecture of the SDSS mainly merges
the information is more accurate and the flexible query and
with, to give two main categories which are the loose
submission.
coupling and the tight coupling. There are the elements that
contribute to the form this structure. They are spatial
Index Terms Resource Description Framework (RDF),
databases, GIS models, domain knowledge bases, map
Ontology, Ontology Web Language (OWL), Geographic
Information Services (GIS). display capabilities, report capabilities, and user interfaces.
The collective handling of the ontologies and workflows
I. INTRODUCTION exists in the skeleton of the GIS for providing the possession
of data relevance to the user specified downside statement
The history of artificial intelligence shows that apart from the standard GIS. The intended structure guides
knowledge is critical for intelligent systems. In many cases, the user to formulate a retardant statement associate degreed
better knowledge can be more important for solving a task automatism data explore and investigation.
than better algorithms. To have truly intelligent systems, The Workflow and task based method is alike in the solution
knowledge needs to be captured, processed, reused, and briefing. While there is a submission of the query to the web
communicated. Ontologies support all these tasks. The Data portal relating to the geospatial domain, the result is directed
model of the RDF is analogous to the archetypal approaches from the task ontology. The machines will conclude GIS
of conceptual modelling like the entityrelationship or class information and functions that is derived from the keywords
diagrams. These models rely on the resources that take the in the input. The outcome from the search in SDCI[1] is huge
form of these triples like the subject, predicate and and accompanied with the increased recall and decreased
object. The subject connotes the source needed to perform the precision. Service discovery is made automatic to produce the
relations and the connection linking the subject and object is foremost outcome for the decision makers. The framework is
stated by the predicate. The split up into four sections. An adaptable and extending
structure is the main benefit to the system.
OWL is a standard ontology language that is
recommended by the W3C. The individuals, classes, and In [2], the Geographical problem solving are the methods
properties form the essentials of that language. The true cases that process the related information to achieve the goal using
in a particular area or domain are symbolized by individuals, the GI expertise. The link between the GI technologies, GIS
and the GISci explains the challenges overcome by the above
Manuscript received May 20, 2014. method. The primary step is the elimination of the details
Akila Rani.M, Assistant Professor, NPR college of Engineering and that hold back the study of the information. An integration of
Technology, Tamil Nadu, India different structures [2] helps in the semantic investigation
Dr.D.Shanthi, Professor and Head, P.S.N.A college of Engineering, Tamil
within the context of this problem solving environment. The
Nadu, India
Geethanjaly.R, PG Student, NPR college of Engineering and Technology,
roles of the semantics in the appliance purposes are
Tamil Nadu, India examined along with the definition of the framework to a

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 An Interactive Model for Georesource Solution Seeking Using Ontology

model and the scope extension to a level of services. But it and conceptually model workflow of geospatial
completely suits the environment of the heterogeneous type problems for semantic references and inferences,
only. an ontology-enabled catalog (ONTOCAT) that
In [3], Conceptual Level Programming Environment provides an inter- face for Web-service providers
supplies human-friendly methods in terms of problem to annotate GI services using formal semantics for
solving process description. The task ontology systems may semantic discoveries, Web portal that supplies an
provide process imitation at the abstract level. A surrounding interface for solution seekers to submit geospatial
for the author is given to form a proper and productive problems and evaluate the discovered GI services,
ontology. There is also a need in making the problem solving and an ontology engine that parses the problems
process firm enough to state the computational semantics. and performs semantic inferences to discover the
This CLEPE receives several GPNs and discloses the links required GI services based on annotated semantics
among them by recreating the object flow model with the and conceptualized processes.
help of the task ontology. Axioms [3] are used to determine
better solution for that environment. The presentation of the
process changing to the domain object is done
unambiguously with the help of the axioms. The
implementation of the conceptual level makes it easy for
comprehending the behaviour of the GPN.
In [4], heuristic categorizations are used to establish the
recurring patterns which reveals the performance of generic
tasks of extreme level universally like the judgement of
hypothesis and abstraction of data. Role-limiting methods
like propose-and-revise and cover-and-differentiate are
evaluated to distinguish the classification of methods and
Using the proposed framework, solution seekers
steer the system modelling. Problem solving methods allows
can only submit geospatial problems by selecting
the extraction of the routine dispensation of information from
values from the four drop-down lists: question type,
execution particulars. When associated with a piece of
spatial subject, spatial relations, and spatial
program code that implements it, a PSM further becomes an
referenced object. However, the exibility to submit
operational building block that a programmer can
various geospatial problems is limited. The proposed
incorporate readily in a working system , much like an
system is the Resource Description framework uses the
element of a mathematical subroutine library. There is less
Ontology engine, ontology, ontocat and the Web portal for
adaptability to upcoming technologies no renewal of
the formulation of the solution. Using the N-Triple
potential impact to the centred approach for building of the
Conversion, it predict the data in the RDF file. The N-triples
applications.
are used to classify the RDF field to the Subject, Object,
Predicate Classification. The Modules processing the system
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
are spit up based on their usage. Unlike the existing system,
Ontologies provide a structured framework for modeling there is a usage of adding the information to the directly to
the concepts and relationships of some domain of expertise. the rdf file. This can be done only in the presence of security
Ontologies support the creation of repositories of in the system. A password protected login is designed to
domain-specic reference knowledgedomain knowledge restrict the people who can access the data. The Query Parser
basesfor communication and sharing of this knowledge is used to parse the query that is submitted by the user. This
among people and computer applications. In particular, query parser helps removing the unwanted words. In the
ontologies provide the structural and se- mantic ground for given result from the query parser, the web portal helps them
computer-based processing of domain knowledge to perform to identify the spatial items that could be passed on to the
reasoning tasks. In other words, ontologies enable the actual matching process. The result is given to the user. The
use of domain knowledge in computer applications. It Architecture of the system to process the query and perform
provides an overview of dierent means to specify and the entire operations in the system is represented in this
perform reasoning on a knowledge base. It retains one of diagram, rated for the received question tags.
these means, Problem-Solving Methods, because they
provide reusable reasoning components that participate in
the principled construction of knowledge-based applications.

An ontology enabled framework for a geospatial

problem-solving environment that allows
collaboration among Web-service providers,
domain experts, and solution seekers to
semantically discover and use geographic
information services to solve a target class of
geospatial problems. The framework contains
Ontologies that provide knowledge bases for
domain experts to formalize geospatial semantics Fig.2. Interrogation system architecture

287 www.erpublication.org
 International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)
ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-5, May 2014
These rules contain the topic, domain, properties and content into subject, object and predicate. It stores the
class connections. Based on the rules that are specified. The elements of the file into the Server. Finally find the
resulting solution is filtered with each of the RDF property. relationship between the classes and their properties. The
Finally after the steps that are involved in filtering process. Subject consists of the main part of the query that can be used
The Resulting solution is passed to the module of the user. for the query search primarily. The next keyword for the
The GIS function is analyzed for the given question type. The search would be the object. The Predicate defines the
GIS data is got from the RDF ontology. The Features are property of the data that relates the subject and object. For
analyzed for the Spatial Ontology Item. The Web service example, if the query input is River length of Ganga, then
access is based on the domain, topic and ontology the length would be the property. This is the pictorial
connections. Questions are in a much more flexible format. It representation of the process that happens between the
analyzes the question type. Domain Expert and the Triple Conversion for the ontology
The Questions are parsed and split the query into prediction.
ontology part, question part, reference part. The request is
redirected to the ontology search engine. A OWL file is
Content
N-Triple
downloaded from the internet and that file contains data of Domain Expert
various properties. If the data needs to be updated then the Conversion
recent years data can be downloaded. The data contains
various geographical features. That data is uploaded to
search engine from the given dataset.
The use of the RDF dataset is made for the ontology
Subject Object Predicate
process. According to the figure 3 and figure 4, now
predicting the classes in the RDF file for identifying the
properties. Next the prediction of the properties using the Fig.5. Triple Conversion
classes. The Properties are categorized into two groups are
Data Type Properties and Ontology properties. The solution seeker is allowed to submit the query.
Questions are in a much more flexible format. It analyzes the
Question type. The Questions are parsed and split the query
into ontology part, question part, reference part. The request
DOMAIN EXPERT
is redirected to the Ontology Search Engine. Authentication
DATASET is used to control the access to the system. It uses capche
generation for the key generation. It uses the key length to try
the combinations from the set of values. These values can be
a set of numbers or alphabets. So in this process, it uses the
PREDICTING alphabets. The key length is specified as six. Then it selects a
value in the set using the random method from java utility.
That value is appended each time and stopped at the length
RDF
specified. The condition is checked using a count variable in
classes Object Type Properties the loop. This security facility can help the system to protect
the data. This represents the Capche generation.

RDF properties Data Type Properties

Random method
Fig.3. Prediction process Set of (Passing result Append
Values value) method

No

Yes
Has the
Resulting
limit
Random number
exceeded

Fig.6.Capche generation
A snippet for the capche generation is given below,
StringBuffer sb1 = new StringBuffer();
java.util.Random r = new java.util.Random();
Fig.4.Screnshot for the prediction process
for (int x = 0; x < PASSWORD_LENGTH; x++) {
sb1.append(values[r.nextInt(values.length)]);}
The content is extracted from domain expert dataset. The This random method mainly plays a role in generating
main application of the N-Triples Algorithm splits the

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 An Interactive Model for Georesource Solution Seeking Using Ontology

the capche. The password length is set by the user and the complexity of data done by the N-triples. The Domain expert
value is appended accordingly. can add the data to the data set for the changing nature of the
Generally paging happens when a page fault occurs and dataset that this system has chosen. It provides the security
a free page cannot be used to satisfy the allocation. The value through password protection. There is memory management
is determined by the less time waiting for page-ins. A page provided for the cache through the demand replacement
replacement algorithm looks at the limited information about method. The Cache implementation decreases the time taken
accesses to the pages provided by hardware, and tries to guess for formulating the solution.
which pages should be replaced to minimize the total number
of page misses, while balancing this with the costs of the IV. CONCLUSION
algorithm itself. Likewise a cache replacement algorithm is The usage of this framework helps the user to seek the
used to help the cache to overcome the management of cache required solution. The flexibility of the query search for the
size. A replacement algorithm is used for the reduction of solution seekers is increased. Time is reduced to retrieve
memory in the cache that is used. Cache contains the recently solution for questions.There is a reduction in the complexity
obtained solution. This solution is piled up in the list. So this of data done by the N-triples. The Domain expert can add the
list must contain a particular limit to help in the memory data to the data set for the changing nature of the dataset that
management o fthe system. The Demand replacement is the this system has chosen. It provides the security through
replacement algorithm that is used for the memory password protection. There is memory management
managment inside the cache list. provided for the cache through the demand replacement
method. The Cache implementation decreases the time taken
The conceptual work flows are identified for the web for formulating the solution.
services. Its respective GI services and conceptual work flows
are analyzed. It retrieves the current Conceptual workflow
from the web portal. The solutions are formulated for the REFERENCES
Solution seeker queries. And it evaluates the Query Results.
The precision is calculated according to the existing data. It
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Fig.7.Graph Comparison

The Graph is calculated with the accuracy and time

reduction in the produced three systems. The time is taken
using the execution time for the whole process with respect to
each algorithm used. The usage of this framework helps the
user to seek the required solution. The flexibility of the query
search for the solution seekers is increased. Time is reduced
to retrieve solution for questions.There is a reduction in the

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