Comparison of Fireproofing Specification

Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary

Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

1 Fire Hazard Evaluation Fire Potential Equipment High Fire Potential Equipment Fire Potential Equipment Fire potential equipment
described in Chevron
A) Process heaters and boilers A) Fired heaters that process liquid or A) Fired equipment, including heaters 1700 is governed by
mixed phase hydrocarbon, under the and furnaces that handle flammable description in TAS-01-M2
B) Pumps handing stock with a flash point flowing conditions: materials that will ignite when released.
below 38C. Small proportioning or 1. Operation at temperatures and flow Some high fire potential
injection pumps are excluded. rates that are capable of causing coking B) Rotating or reciprocating mechanical equipment descriptions in
within the tubes. equipment, such as pumps or API 2218 may be applied
C) Pumps handing stock at temperatures 2. Operation at pressure and flow rates compressors that handle flammable to TAS-01-M2, such as
exceeding their flash points. Small that are high enough to cause large spills materials, including their drainage paths. item F and item G. But it
proportioning or injection pumps are before the heater can be isolated. may affect to fireproofing
excluded. 3. Charging of potentially corrosive C) Drums, exchangers, columns, and cost.
fluids similar operating vessels that handle
D) Vessels, shell and tube heat exchangers flammable materials and have a volume
and coolers, air coolers, compressors, B) Pumps with a rated capacity over 45 of more than 3.78 m3, including their
etc.handing hydrocarbons in the liquid, m3/hr that handle flammable liquids or drainage paths.
vapor or gaseous states, irrespective of the combustible liquids above or within 8C of
flash point or fluid temperature. Vessels their flash point temperatures. D) Plot-limit piping manifolds that
less than 2.8 m3 in capacity are excluded. In contain flammable materials and ten or
additional, equipment such as, compressors, C) Pumps with a history of bearing failure more valves.
handing lighter than air or seal leakage (where engineering revisions
hydrogen/hydrocarbon mixtures are have been unsuccessful at eliminating these C) Tanks, spheres, and spheroids that
excluded (this does not exclude vessels in as significant potential fuel sources). contain flammable materials including
this service). their drainage and relief path and
D) Pumps with small piping subject to impounding basins.
E) Vessels, heat exchangers, etc., handing fatigue failure.
non-hydrocarbon flammable liquids or
heavier than air vapors. Vessels less than E) Reactors that operate at high pressure or
2.8 m3 in capacity are excluded. might produce runaway exothermic
reactions.
F) Stack exchangers handing lighter than air
hydrogen/hydrocarbon mixtures. F) Compressors, together with related lube-
oil systems.
G) Sampling manifolds.
G) Specific segments of process piping
H) Battery limit manifolds. handing flammable liquids or gases in
mixtures known to promote pipe failures
I) Piping shall not be considered in defining through erosion, corrosion, or enbrittlement.
fire potential areas, except for manifolds these include hydrocarbon stream that may
described under items G and H above. contain entrained catalyst, caustics, acids,
hydrogen, or similar materials where
J) When high pressure equipment development of an appropriate scenario
(operating pressure in excess of 70.3 envelop is feasible.

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Comparison of Fireproofing Specification
Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary
Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

kg/cm2) is involved, additional protection is H) Vessels, heat exchangers (including air

required. cooled exchangers) and other equipments
containing flammable or combustible
liquids over 315C or their auto-ignition
temperature, whichever is less.

I) Complex process units such as catalytic

crackers, hydro-crackers, ethylene units,
hydrotreaters, or large crude distilling units
typically containing high fire potential
equipment.

Medium Fire Potential Equipment

A) Accumulators, feed drums, and other

vessels that may leak as a result of broken
instrumentation, ruptured gaskets, or other
apparatus.

B) Towers that may leak as a result of

broken gauge columns or gasket failure on
connected piping and bottom of reboilers

C) Air cooled fin fan exchangers that handle

flammable and combustible liquids.

D) Highly automated and complex

peripheral equipment such as combustion
air preheaters.

Low Fire Potential Equipment

A) Pumps that handle Class IIIB liquids

below their flash points

B) Piping within battery limits which has a

concentration of valves, fittings, and
flanges.

C) Heat exchangers that may develop flange

leaks.

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Comparison of Fireproofing Specification
Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary
Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

2 Fire Scenario Envelope Fire potential areas are bounded by lines Fire scenario envelop is one that extends Fire exposed envelop for structural steel, The radius from fire
(Fire Potential Area or drawn at 15.25 m radius from fire potential 6 m to 12 m horizontally, and 6 m to 12 m vessel/column skirts is the area within a potential equipment
Fireproofing Limits) equipment. vertically from fire potential equipment. radius of 6 m to 12 m horizontally, and 6 mentioned in TAS-01-M2
m to 12 m vertically from fire potential is more than the mention
LPG vessels are considered to be the source equipment. in API 2218 and Chevron
of a fire scenario exposure, and require 1700
fireproofing unless protected by a fixed For instrumentation, electrical power
water spay system. API 2510 recommends cables and/or air piping/tubing is the area
fireproofing pipe supports within 15 m of within 15.25m horizontally, and 15.25 m
the LPG vessel, or within the spill vertically
containment area.

3 Fire Proofing See TAS-01-M2 Attachment A & B See API 2218 Item 6.1.1 to 6.1.7 See Chevron 1700 Fireproofing, item All mentions in TAS-01-
Considerations for 1721 M2 are not different from
Structures within Fire API 2218.
Scenario Envelop No any illustrations
All mentions in Chevron
Fireproofing of the principal members is 1700 are general term.
warranted if the structure is in the fire
exposed envelop and failure of these
members could cause any of the
following:
A) Threat of injury to personnel
B) Loss or serious damage to
valuable or critical supported
equipment
C) Release of large volumes of
flammable material
D) Release of toxic material
E) Threat to adjacent property and
structures of high value
F) Serious loss of productive
capacity

Fireproofing is not warranted in these

situations:
A) The value of the structure and
supported equipment is low
when compared to the cost of
fireproofing.
B) Member failure would not
cause failure of the structure or
equipment. Thus wind and

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Comparison of Fireproofing Specification
Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary
Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

earthquake bracing and other

secondary members, such as
supports for stairs, platforms,
and walkways, are not
normally fireproofed.
C) The structure is far enough
removed from the source of a
fire to preclude serious damage
(e.g., outside the fire hazard
envelope).
D) The fire would cause failure or
serious damage to supported
equipment whether or not the
structure was fireproofed.
E) The structure supports piping
that is not carrying flammable
liquids. Piping carrying only
gases does not normally justify
fireproofing of the supports
because the risk of a
hydrocarbon pool fire is low.

Pipe Rack Supporting Fin Fan Air Coolers Figure 9- Pipe Rack Supporting Fin Fan Air
Coolers

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Comparison of Fireproofing Specification
Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary
Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

Pipe Rack Supporting Fin Fan Air Coolers Figure 9- Pipe Rack Supporting Fin Fan Air
Coolers

No any illustrations

Figure 10-Tranfer Line With Hager Support

and Catch Beam

Figure 11-Tranfer Line Support

Page 5 of 9
Comparison of Fireproofing Specification
Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary
Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

Figure 4-Structure Supporting Fire Potential

and Non fire Potential Equipment No any illustrations

Figure 5-Structure Supporting Fire Potential

and Non fire Potential Equipment

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Comparison of Fireproofing Specification
Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary
Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

No any illustrations

Figure 6-Structure Supporting Non fire

Potential Equipment

4 Fire Resistance Rating Fireproofing for structures and supports If the expected fire would only be a Three-hour fireproofing is for main At least 1 hours
shall provide at least 1 hours protection at moderate exposure, with reasonable support members of structures and protection mentioned in
1100C under High Rise fire conditions expectations that manual water cooling of equipment within the fire-exposed TAS-01-M2 is appropriate
as defined in Attachment D (Fireproofing exposed structure could effectively be in envelope. A three-hour level of for SPRC if fire water
Standards) place within an hour or less, a 1 -hour UL protection is appropriate for typical system could effectively
1709 rating might be a reasonable choice. onshore hydrocarbon processing unit fire be in place within an hour
However, if responding emergency duration. or less.
response personnel were 1 hours away or
exposure was more severe, a more Consult the ECT Fire& Process Safety
protective rating (such as 3 hours) might be Team if you feel the above criteria do not
chosen. fit your need.

5 Fire Proofing Material Fireproofing materials shall be in In selection fireproofing material, care The company usually uses concrete Fireproofing material
accordance with Underwriters Laboratories, should be taken to obtain the desired degree material because it is often the most cost- described in TAS-01-M2
UL-1709 Standard for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of protection during the systems service effective. Many commercial products are is clearly and governs all
of Protection Materials for Structural Steel. life. In addition to the systems degree of also available. They have specialized needs in API 2218 and
For structures, gunned or poured concrete is fire-resistance, a variety of other uses and are usually more expensive than Chevron 1700.
preferred for most applications due to its characteristics should be evaluated to ensure concrete. Fireproofing materials come in
extensive satisfactory use and its resistance that its material perform property in the three categories:
to mechanical and fire hose stream damage. environment in which installed. Some of the

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Comparison of Fireproofing Specification
Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary
Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

As an alternative, lightweight concrete standard tests used are listed in Appendix B A) Cementitious-based materials
(containing vermiculite or perlite in place of (Testing and Rating Fireproofing Materials) B) Ablative materials or non-
aggregate) or other materials may be used and some principal characteristics that cementitious coatings
providing adequate test data and evidence govern the selection of fireproofing material C) Insulation-based material
of satisfactory service is available, the are discussed in 7.2.2 (Physical Properties)
economics are favorable, and Owner's and 7.2.3 (Behavior During Exposure to
approval is obtained. Fire) shall be considered.

Type of fireproofing materials

A) Dense concrete
B) Lightweight concrete
C) Subliming, Intumescent, and
Ablative mastics
D) Intumescent epoxy coatings
E) Lightweight cementitious

6 Inspection and No any mentions An inspection and testing program should Cracking and Proper Cure Inspection and
Maintenance include the following steps: Maintenance mentioned in
A) Survey coatings for surface Cracking can occur even when concrete API 2218 and Chevron
cracking, delamination, rust is properly cured. The main caused are 1700 may be applied to
staining, or bulging. thermal cyclic, shrinkage, and corrosion TAS-01-M2.
B) Survey coatings for signs of of reinforcing steel. If the cracking is bad
weathering (color change, enough, it can accelerate corrosion of the
powdering, thinning of coat). underlying steel by allowing in water.
C) Selective remove small sections While cracking is undesirable, it is not
of fireproofing to examine cause for rejection unless severe.
conditions at the face of the
substrate and the surface of There are no well-established criteria for
reinforcing wire. Repair the judging severity of cracking. However,
inspection area the following checks can help you decide
D) Visually check for the loss of if a job needs more thorough review or
fireproofing materials as a result repair.
of mechanical abuse. A) Spalling of concrete, removing
E) When fireproofing material is more than 20% of depth.
applied, coat and set aside several B) Many long, full-thickness
pieces of structural steel for cracks wider than 3 mm.
periodic fire-testing over the C) Substantial thinning of the steel
expected life of the coating.(This substrate.
is not necessary with rigid box or D) Evidence of rust leaking from
flexible containment systems). cracks or delamination of
F) Inspect to make sure that the fireproofing away from the
fireproofing hasnt been removed steel.
for maintenance or not replaced. Any of the above indicators may justify

Page 8 of 9
Comparison of Fireproofing Specification
Items Description TAS-01-M2 API Publication 2218 Chevron Commentary
Process Unit Fireproofing Second Edition, August 1999 1700 Fireproofing, March 2010

Maintenance removing small sections of fireproofing

A) Hairline Cracking to allow a more thorough inspection and
When more than hairline cracking determine the extent of the corrosion.
appears, the openings should be
cleaned out and filled with new
material according to
manufacturers instructions
B) Substrate Bonding
Loss of bonding to the substrate
may be determined by surface
bulges or an abnormal sound
when the surface is tapped with a
light hammer
C) Bond Failure
In evident areas of bond failure,
fireproofing should be removed
and the substrate should be
thoroughly cleaned and properly
primed before new material is
applied.
D) Surface Coating
If surface coating is required to
prevent moisture from
penetrating, it should be renewed
at intervals recommended by the
manufacturer. The previously
listed inspections should be
completed prior to renewal of
coating so that defects are not
hidden by the coating.

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