"Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook I: The Cognitive Domain.

" In 1959 Bloom spent a year

at the Center for Advanced Study in Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University. This year marked a shift
in high research and writing, as Bloom began to concentrate on problems in learning, rather than
problems in testing, measurement, and evaluation. Bloom's most notable contribution to teaching and
learning was his work in developing the theory and practice of mastery learning. Mastery learning was
developed as a way for teachers to provide higher quality and more appropriate instruction for their
students. Mastery learning depends on feedback, correctives, and enrichments, combined with another
essential element of mastery learning, congruence among instructional components. Mastery learning is
not an educational panacea, but careful attention to the essential elements of mastery learning will
allow educators at all levels to make great strides toward the goal of all children learning excellently.

THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING

Since computers are still not widely used in many schools, the teaching process is dominated by
traditional methods. It is dominated by the frontal form of work where the teacher had enough
interaction with students. Failure to thrive at their own pace and insufficient activity of students was
one of the drawbacks of this type of learning. In class, we have children who are not uniform in
knowledge and never pay enough attention to those who are not sufficiently mastered the material and
those who are above their average. This difference is often hampered by teacher assessment work and
how to transfer knowledge to a group of children with different knowledge. The teacher chooses to
keep average to good teaching where children with insufficient knowledge would not get the necessary
knowledge. The children with insufficient knowledge can progress smoothly without unpleasant feeling
of their ignorance, no frustration, and humiliation while for the most advanced children teaching will be
boring.

With the development of information and communication technology, especially computers, a number
of researchers (Morrison et al., 2010) were trying to see the benefits and the effect of their use
compared to older traditional learning. For many years, we tried to give answers to the question of
advantages and disadvantages between traditional and modern teaching where the prevailing
educational technology. The period from 1967. to 1972. is considered to be a period of consolidation of
educational technology, which has become the most commonly used term in the science of pedagogy
and the educational process (, 2004). With the application of educational technology,
students can independently progress in mastering teaching materials, to choose the pace of work, to
repeat the material that is not sufficiently clear, that after tests performed immediately get results and
track their progress. Interactive, multimedia content provides a great advantage of modern learning
over traditional learning. With the application of educational technology we get feedback between the
teacher and the student.

Among the first studies on the comparison of the traditional and modern ways with the help of
educational technologies research was Clark Richard (Clark, R. 1983). He tried to compare research
between lectures and computer guidance and instruction to determine which the better way of learning
is. He came to the conclusion that they are both effective depending on the ways they are used. The
same conclusion came by other authors (Dynarski et al. 2007; Kulik, 2003) and that is that there are
some major differences in the use of educational technology and traditional teaching. On the other
hand, research at the Center for Educational Research in Pittsburgh within Individually Prescribed
Instruction showed that computers are better tailored to the individual abilities of students, rather than
teachers themselves. Educational technology must inevitably be integrated into classrooms and
curricula (Clements and Sarama, 2003; Glaubke 2007; NAEYC and Fred Rogers Center, 2012). With the
advent of educational technology in the classroom teacher, education is faced with the challenge that
teachers integrate educational technology in their daily work. Numerous studies have shown that a
small number of teachers is willing to integrate educational technology in their teaching activities
(Becker, 2000; Hermans et al., 2008; Stoi and Stoi 2013; Wang et al., 2004). The reason is that there
are two categories of teachers in the understanding of educational technology. Some of them have
thorough understanding of modern technical appliances and their operation while others think it is
necessary for them to gain additional technical knowledge of the appliances and methods, teaching
methods, student-teacher relationship... These two groups represent a group of teachers between older
and younger teachers. Older teachers during their study did not have the possibility of training with
modern technical appliances, did not have the information technology, educational technology... while
the younger generation of teachers possess the knowledge required for the use of educational
technology. For a better understanding of educational technology requires a set of computer science,
pedagogy, psychology, cybernetics, informatics... The knowledge teachers possess is sufficient for a
basic use of education technology. However, educational technology is one big system. First of all,
teachers have a basic knowledge of the use of educational technology. It takes far more professional
training through a variety of conferences, courses, professional literature, seminars... in order to get a
better knowledge in the use of educational technology. The fact is that under use of educational
technology, primarily due to poor school equipment necessary resources, insufficient information and
knowledge of teachers and the lack of interest and lack of motivation of teachers to use them. Teachers
have to be motivated to use the same because the use of educational technology in teaching provides
better interaction with students, better reception of information because the students receive
knowledge visual, auditory and kinesthetic way. Among other things, an educational technology
motivates students to work independently where the student is more motivated to return to learning
and working because modern technical equipment is widely available at any given moment.

we have been using technology so much these days in each and every domain of our lives, be it
education or the regular household work, that have we ever taken out a second to wonder if its leaving
a positive impact on our work or its just that we have been relying too much on it that weve become
habitual to it, ignoring the direction of its impact?

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Say for instance, is technology causing education to improve over time or have we just been catching up
with the trend of educational technology.

Earlier, technology in education was a debatable topic amongst the society. Everyone had their own
views on modernizing education and making it technology aided. There were a huge number of positives
and negatives to education technology. But, gradually as technology was embraced by the educational
institutes, they realized the importance of technology in education. Its positives outnumbered the
negatives and now, with technology, education has taken a whole new meaning that it leaves us with no
doubt that our educational system has been transformed owing to the ever-advancing technology.
Technology and education are a great combination if used together with a right reason and vision.

To elucidate on the topic of this article, I am more than definite that technology improves education to a
great extent and it has now become a need for revolutionizing education for the better.

(Recommended Read: Textbooks vs. laptops are compared well in this essay - textbooks vs. laptops)

With technology, educators, students and parents have a variety of learning tools at their fingertips.
Here are some of the ways in which technology improves education over time:

Teachers can collaborate to share their ideas and resources online: They can communicate with others
across the world in an instant, meet the shortcomings of their work, refine it and provide their students
with the best. This approach definitely enhances the practice of teaching.

Students can develop valuable research skills at a young age: Technology gives students immediate
access to an abundance of quality information which leads to learning at much quicker rates than
before.

Students and teachers have access to an expanse of material: There are plenty of resourceful, credible
websites available on the Internet that both teachers and students can utilize. The Internet also provides
a variety of knowledge and doesnt limit students to one persons opinion.

Online learning is now an equally credible option: Face-to-face interaction is huge, especially in the
younger years, but some students work better when they can go at their own pace. Online education is
now accredited and has changed the way we view education.
There are innumerous instances till date where we can see the improvement in education, once it
embraced technology. I will state a few remarkable ones of them to provide you with a more realistic
picture of the whole scenario. Heres the list along with the references to the originals:

The Flipped Classroom: This popular technological approach has gotten to everybodys ears by now. It is
a practice in which, students watch lecture videos as homework and discussion is carried on them in the
class-time by the teachers. It has resulted in a remarkably better student performance, with noticeable
grade boost-up. Students can now learn at their own pace and save class-time for interaction. To go into
more details about this approach refer to this article on The Flipped Classroom .

Effectiveness of EdTech on Mathematics for K-12: Technology has proved to be effective for making
students efficiently adept with Math. Out of several, there are three remarkable technologies, which in
my opinion should be brought to the light. Computer-managed learning is a program that uses
computers to assess student learning on Math and assign them with appropriate Math material, which
they can work on to score and receive a chart of their progress for self-assessment; Comprehensive
models such as Cognitive Tutor and I Can Learn use computer-aided instruction as well as non-computer
activities for students to approach Math; Supplemental CAI technology consists of individualized
computer-assisted instruction (CAI), to provide additional instruction at students assessed levels.
Findings indicate that educational technology applications produce a positive effect on Mathematics
achievement. For details, refer to the review on Mathematics/ Effectiveness of Technology .

best-education-systems-in-world-report

Long-term research indicative of the positives of technology on learning: Researches have been
performed to address to the question, does the use of computer technology affect student achievement
in traditional classrooms as compared to classrooms that do not use technology? An extensive literature
search and a systematic review process were employed and insights about the state of the field,
implications for technology use, and prospects for future were discussed. Refer to the original review,
Review of Educational Research .

Educational Technology improves student learning outcomes: Evidence suggests that educational
technologies can improve student achievement, so long as such tools are integrated thoughtfully into
teaching and learning. When digital capabilities like, online environments are incorporated meaningfully
into instruction, students have new opportunities to learn and achieve. Refer to this research brief for
details.

The effect of technology on education depends on the design of instruction: The design of the
instruction accounts for more variance in how and why people learn than the technology used to deliver
the instruction. Educators and educational researchers should be encouraged to focus on determining
how to better integrate the use of a given technology to facilitate learning, rather than asking if it works
or if one is more effective than another. Refer to this report for a detailed study.