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Childhood Development Theories

The document compares the theories of Freud, Erikson, and Piaget on human development. Freud believed development is driven by sexual urges from birth. Erikson saw development as influenced by childhood and life experiences through 8 stages. Piaget viewed intelligence as adapting through stages as children acquire knowledge through interactions with the world. The theories differ in their views on what drives development and the stages of development.

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Abdelrahman Mohamed
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156 views1 page

Childhood Development Theories

The document compares the theories of Freud, Erikson, and Piaget on human development. Freud believed development is driven by sexual urges from birth. Erikson saw development as influenced by childhood and life experiences through 8 stages. Piaget viewed intelligence as adapting through stages as children acquire knowledge through interactions with the world. The theories differ in their views on what drives development and the stages of development.

Uploaded by

Abdelrahman Mohamed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Erikson Freud Piaget

Children influenced by sexual drive. Intelligence is an extension of biologic


Human personality determined by childhood Capable of sexual activities from birth (which adaptation & has a logical structure.
& adult experiences. were non-sexual) How children & adolescents acquire knowledge
Stage 1 TRUST vs. MISTRUST ORAL STAGE SENSORYMOTOR STAGE
Birth to 1y Birth to 18m Birth to 2y
Trust when parent is attentive Mouth: main site of gratification (chewing, Learn through sensory observation
Mistrust when not biting, sucking) Gain control of motor fx
Object permanence is acquired (cry when
mother goes to another room)
Stage 2 AUTONOMY vs. SHAME & DOUBT ANAL STAGE PREOPERATIONAL STAGE
1 to 3y 1 to 3y 2 to 7y
Child have a sense of mastery/control Anus & surrounding areas Symbols, language
Cooperative or stubborn Involved in bowel fx & bladder control Egocentric
Autonomy: makes own decisions If harsh toilet training, may become anally Animistic thinking (objects have life)
S&D: didnt fixated Sense of imminent
Child fight for control, master their Death: reversible
environment OCPD Lack of law of conservation (2 cups, one tall,
one short, each with same amount of water,
which ones bigger? The tall one)
Stage 3 INITIATIVE vs. GUILT PHALLIC STAGE CONCRETE OPERATIONS STAGE
3 to 5y 3 to 5y 7 to 11y
Initiates motor & intellectual activity Genital area main site of gratification Egocentricity replaced by operational thought
In <3 with opposite-sex parent Oedipal Try to change what they learn in stage 2
complex Death: irreversible
Increased genital masturbation Acquire law of conservation
Penis envy from girls
Fear of castration from boys
Stage 4 INDUSTRY vs. INFERIORITY LATENCY STAGE FORMAL OPERATION STAGE
6 to 11y 5 to 11-13y 11 to end adolescence
Learn. Work. Acquire adult skills Formation of superego: values, ethics, Abstract thinking
Industry: ability to master & complete resolution of Oedipal complex Define concepts
task, sense of accomplishment Sexual interests: quiescent Deductive reasoning
Inferiority: no goals completed. Prone to Sublimation of sexual energy into energetic Hypothetical thinking
violence (e.g. children with learning learning & play activities
disabilities)
Stage 5 IDENTITY vs. ROLE DIFFUSION GENITAL STAGE
11y to adolescence 11-13y to adulthood
Group identity (appearance) Capacity of true intimacy
Morality, ethics
Sexual experience
Normative identity crisis (at the end of
stage)
Stage 6 INTIMACY vs. ISOLATION
21 to 40y
Early adulthood
Sexual relations
Friendship/relationship w/o fear of losing
self
Stage 7 GENERATIVITY vs. STAGNATION
40 to 65y
If person achieves goals?
Stage 8 INTEGRATY vs. DISPAIR
>65y
Sense of satisfaction w/one self
Acceptance

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