STANDARDS OF THE TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION EIGHTH EDITION ‘TURULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. 25 North Broadway Tarrytown, New York 10591 Richard C. Byrne, Secretary www.tema.orgNO WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED The Standards herein ate recommended by The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association In. to assist users, engineers and designers who specify, design and install tubular exchangers, These Standards are based upon sound engineering principles, research and fled experience inthe manufacture, design, installation and uso of tubular exchangers. These standards may be subject to revision as further investigation or experience may show is necessary or desirable. Nothing herein shall constitute a warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, and warranty responsibility of any kind is expressly denied, © Copyright 1968, 1970, 1972, 1974, 1978, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1999 Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association, Inc. ‘TEMA is a trademark of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association, Inc. This document may not be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, modified or reduced to any electroni¢ medium or machine-readable form in ‘whole or in part, without prior written consent of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association, Inc, ALL RIGHTS RESERVEDCONTRIBUTING MEMBERS ‘TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. Comprising Manufacturers of Various Types Of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Equipment ‘API Heat Transfer, Inc. 2777 Walden Avenue Buffalo, NY 14225 -..-.-8888 West 21st Street ‘Sand Springs, OK 74063 1844 N, Gamett Road Tulsa, OK 74116 3501 West 11th Street Houston, TX 77008-60011 Cust-O-Fab, Inc... Energy Exchanger Company.. Engineers and Fabricators Company. Graham Corporation... 20 Florence Avenue Batavia, NY 14020 P.O, Box 80638 Tulsa, OK 74188 1001 N. Fulton Avenue Tulsa, OK 74115, P.O. Box 1102 Bulfalo, NY 14227 .. 2500 Broadway Camden, NJ 08104 snneaen 675 Rahway Avenue Union, NJ 07083, P.O. Box 451 ‘St Louis, MO 63166 1825 North Main Street Beaumont, TX 77701 324 Meadowbrook Road Robbinsville, NJ 08691 Heat Transfer Equipment Co... Hughes-Anderson Heat Exchangers, Inc. ITT Standard, ITT Fluid Technology Corporation. doseph Oat Corporation... Manning and Lewis Engineering Company. Nooter Corporation... Ohmstede, inc., RAS Process Equipment, Inc.. Souther Heat Exchanger Corporation. P.O. Box 1850 Tliscaioosa, AL 35403 Struthers Industries, Inc. : ssnnnnnnnnnseer' 500 GAth Street Gulfport, MS. 39501 Wiegmann and Rose ; svaneP.O, BOX 4187 Subsidiary of Xchanger Mig. Corp, Gakiand, CA 94614 ‘Yuba Heat Transfer ... a nnn P.O. Box 3158 A Division of Connell Limited Partnership ‘Tulsa, OK 74101- TECHNICAL COMMITTEE OF THE ‘TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION Ken O'Connor = API Heat Transfer, Inc. Doug Werhane. .-Cust-O-Fab, Inc. Ken Fultz... ...Energy Exchanger Company Gris Smettey. Engineers and Fabricators Company Philip Marks... Graham Corporation Monte Davis. ..Heat Transfer Equipment Company sim Harrison. Hughes-Anderson Heat Exchangers, Inc. Nick Tranquil : ITT Standard Michael Holtz Joseph Oat Corporation Ted Rapezynski.. Manning and Lewis Engineering Co. Steve Meierotto. Nooter Corporation Michael Tracy... ‘Ohmstede, Inc. Russell Miller Todd Allen.. ‘Southern Heat Exchanger Corp. Dan Stenman Gary L Berry. Struthers Industries, Inc. Jack E. Logan. . : «ee Wiegmann and Rose Subsidiary of Xchanger Mfg. Corp. Larry Brumbaugh... Yuba Heat Transfer ‘A Division of Connell Limited PartnershipPREFACE Eighth Edition - 1999 The Eighth Edition of the TEMA Standards was prepared by the Technical Committee of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association. A compilation of previously proven information, along with new additions to the Flow Induced Vibration, Flexible Shell Elements and Tubesheot Design sections is presented for your practical use. Design methods for Floating Head Backing Devices have also been added and the scope has been changed to accommodate a larger range of sizes and pressures. Metric units and tables have been included wherever possible. ‘Suggested methods have been included for support and lifting lug design in the RGP section. This edition of the TEMA Standards is dedicated to the memory of Wayne Schaefer of the Nooter Corporation for his years of dedicated service to the TEMA Technical Committee. ‘The Editor also wishes to acknowledge the contributions to the Eighth Edition by the following past members of the Technical Committee: Victor J. Stachura, Joseph H. Kissel, Robert C. Moscicki and Harry W. Saultz. Jim Harrison EDITORCONTENTS ‘Symbol & Section Paragraph 1 ON 1 2 2 F 1 2 3 4 3G 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ae 1 2 3 4 5 ROB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 ey 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MEMBERSHIP LIST... TECHNICAL COMMITTEE... PREFACE. NOTES TO USERS... NOMENCLATURE, Size Numbering and Type Designation—Recommended Practice Nomenclature of Heat Exchanger Components. FABRICATION TOLERANCES Extemal Dimensions, Nozzle and Support Locations. Recommended Fabrication Tolerances. ‘Tubeshests, Partitions, Covers, and Flanges . Flange Face Imperfections ...... GENERAL FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE INFORMATION ‘Shop Operatior Inspection Nameplates Drawings and ASME Code Data Reports. Guarantees, Preparation of Heat Exchangers for Shipment. = General Construction Features of TEMA Standard Heat Exchangers INSTALLATION, OPERATION, AND MAINTENANCE Performance of Heat Exchangers. Installation of Heat Exchangers Operation of Heat Exchangers. Maintenance of Heat Exchangers MECHANICAL STANDARD TEMA CLASS RCB HEAT EXCHANGERS ‘Scope and General Requirements. . Tubes Shells and Shell Covers Baifles and Support Pats... Floating End Construction... Gaskets... Tubesheets.. Flexible Shell Elements Channels, Covers, and Bonnets. Nozzles... End Flanges and Boting. FLOW INDUCED VIBRATION. Scope and General. Vibration Damage Patterns. Failure Regions... Dimensionless Numbers. Natural Frequency... Axial Tube Stress. 1 108 Effective Tube Mass. 104 Damping... 107 viCONTENTS ‘Symbol & Section Paragraph ev FLOW INDUCED VIBRATION (continued) 9 Shell Side Velocity Distribution .. 109 10 Estimate of Critical Flow Velocity. 112 11 Vibration Amplitude nnn 114 12 Acoustic Vibration .. a 6 13 Design Considerations... 12 14 Selected References. 122 7 7 THERMAL RELATIONS 1 Scope and Basic Relations. 124 2 Fouling, a 125 3 Fluid Temperature Relations. 126 4 Mean Metal Temperatures of Shell and Tubes... 128, BoP PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS: Fluid Density Specific Heat. Heat Content of Petroleum Fractions Thermal Conductivity. 1 150 2 3 4 5 Viscosity... 6 7 a 150 181 151 151 Critical Properties.. .. Propertos of Gas and Vapor Miures Selected References... 153 8 oD GENERAL INFORMATION (Soe detailed Table of Contents). ee 183 10 AGP RECOMMENDED GOOD PRACTICE Horizontal Vessel Supports... pecemeessre Oo) Vertical Vessel Supports... son B67 Lifting Lugs : 269 Wind and Seismic Design 273 Plugging Tubes in Tube Bundle 273 Entrance and Exit Areas... 21h Gaskets .. . 279 Tubesheets.. cnn 279 Channels, Covers, and Bonnets 280 Nozzles. a 281 281 283 294 End Flanges and Boting. Fouling INDEX. vilNOTES TO USERS OF ‘THE TEMA STANDARDS Three classes of Mechanical Standards, A.C and B, reflecting acceptable designs for various service applications are presented. The user should refer to the definition of each class and choose the one that bes! fs the specific need. Corresponding subject matter in the three Mechanical Standards is covered by paragraphs identically numbered except for the prefixetter. Paragraph numbers preceded by RCB indicates that all threo classes are identical. Any reference to a Specific paragraph must be preceded by the class designation. ‘The Recommended Good Practice section has been prepared to assist the designer in areas outside the scope of the basic Standards. Paragraphs in the Standards having additional information in the RGP section are marked with an asterisk (*). The reference paragraph in the RGP section has the identical paragraph number, but with an“RGP" prefix. Itis the intention of the Tubular Exchanger Mgnufacturers Association that this édition of iis Standards may be used beginning with the date of issuance, and that its requirements supersede those of the previous edition sik months from such date of issuance, except for heat exchangers contracted for prior to the end of the six month period, For this purpose the date of issuance is June 1, 1998. Questions on interpretation of the TEMA Standards should be formally addressed to the Secretary at TEMA 25 North Broadway, Tarrytown, NY 10591. Questions requiring development of new or revised technical information will only bbe answered through an addendum or a new edition of the Standards. Upon agreement between purchaser and fabricator, exceptions to TEMA requirements are acceptable. An exchanger may ai be considered as meeting TEMA requiremonis a long as the execotion ie docuneeaten vilHEAT EXCHANGER NOMENCLATURE, SECTION 1 N-1 SIZE NUMBERING AND TYPE DESIGNATION-RECOMMENDED PRACTICE It's recommended that heat exchanger size and type be designated by numbers and letters as described low. N-4.1 SIZE. Sizes of shells (and tube bundles) shall be designated by numbers describing shell (and tube bundle) diameters and tube lengths, as follows: N-1.11 NOMINAL DIAMETER ‘The nominal diameter shall be the inside diameter of the shell in inches (mm), rounded off to the nearest integer. For kettle reboilers the nominal diameter shall be the port diameter followed by the shell diameter, each rounded off to the nearest integer. N-1.12 NOMINAL LENGTH ‘The nominal length shall be the tube length in inches (mm). Tube length for straight tubes shall be taken as the actual overall length. For U-tubes the length shall be taken as the approximate straight length from end of tube to bend tangent. N-1.2 TYPE ‘Type designation shall be by letters describing stationary head, shell (omitted for bundles only), and rear head, in that order, as indicated in Figure N-1.2. N-1.3 TYPICAL EXAMPLES N-A.31 Spliting floating head exchanger with removable channel and cover, single pass shell, 23-1/4" (691 mm) inside diameter with tubes 16'(4877 mm) long, SIZE 23-192 (591-4877) TYPE AES. N-1.32 Ustube exchanger with bonnet type stationary head, spit flow shell, 19° (483 mm) inside diameter with tubes 7'(2134 mm) straight length. SIZE 19-84 (483-2134) TYPE BGU. N-1.33 Pull-through floating head Kettle type reboller hi 23" (684 mm) port diameter and 37° (240 mm) i jong. SIZE 23/37-192 (684/940 - 4877) TYPE CKT. N4.34 Fixed tubeshest exchanger with removable channel and cover, bonnet type rear head, two pass shell, 33-1 /8" (641 mm) inside diameter with tubes 8'(2438 mm) long. SIZE 33-96 (41-2438) TYPE AFM. stationary head integral with tubesheet, fe shell diameter with tubes 16'(4877 mm} .35 Fixed tubesheet exchanger having stationary and rear heads integral with tubesheets, single pass shell, 17° (432 mrn) inside diameter with tubes 16'(4877 mm) long. SIZE 17-192 (432-4877) TYPE NEN. N-1.4 SPECIAL DESIGNS Special designs are not covered and may be described as best suits the manufacturer. For example, a single tube pass, fixed tubesheet exchanger with conical heads may be described as “TYPE BEI with Conical Heads. A pullthrough floating head exchanger with an Integral shell cover may be described as “TYPE AET with Integral Shell Cover’ Standards Of The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association 1SECTION 1 HEAT EXCHANGER NOMENCLATURE mown ra ee ore me eJIea 7 F E SS A ‘FIXED TUBESHEET ONE PASS SHELL UKE "A" STATIONARY HEAD F M wo rs at B | G N St arr to, =a C H a ¢ jmor \ | | Eure CHANNEL INTEGRAL WITH TUBE-| T s C DIVIDED FLOW. N { r t T aT [| SHEET AND REMOVABLE COVER Lt rt KETTLE TYPE REBOILER u | . x I Ww 2 Standards Of The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers AssociationHEAT EXCHANGER NOMENCLATURE, SECTION 1 N-2 NOMENCLATURE OF HEAT EXCHANGER COMPONENTS For the purpose of establishing standard terminology, Figure N-2 illustrates various types of heat j|xchangers. Typical pats and connections, forlustrative purposes onl, are numbered for entiation in able N-2. TABLE N-2 1. Stationary Head-Channel 21. Floating Head Cover-External 2, Stationary Head-Bonnet 2, Floating Tubesheet Skirt 8, Stationary Head Flange-Channel or Bonnet 23. Packing Box 4. Channel Cover 24, Packing 5. Stationary Head Nozzle 25. Packing Gland 6. Stationary Tubesheet 26, Lanter Ring 7. Tubes 27, Tierods and Spacers 8 Shell 28. Transverse Baffles or Support Plates 9. Shell Cover 29. Impingement Plate 10. Shell Flange-Stationary Head End 30. Longitudinal Baffle 11. Shell Flange-Rear Head End |. Pass Partition 42. Shell Nozzle, ‘82. Vent Connection 48. Shell Cover Flange 33. Drain Connection 14. Expansion Joint 34, Instrument Connection 45. Floating Tubesheet_ - 35. Support Saddle 16, Floating Head Cover“ 36. Lifting Lu 17 Floating Head Cover Flange 37. Support Bracket 18 Floating Head Backing Device 38. We 19. Spit Shear Ring 39, Liquid Level Connection 20. lip-on Backing Flange 40. Floating Head Support FIGURE N-2 Standards Of The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association 3SECTION 1 HEAT EXCHANGER NOMENCLATURE FIGURE N-2 (continued) a @ ® @ 4 Standards Of The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers AssociationHEAT EXCHANGER NOMENCLATURE SECTION 1 FIGURE N-2 (continued) ® @ © @ AKT Standards Of The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers AssociationSECTION 2 HEAT EXCHANGER FABRICATION TOLERANCES F-1 EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS, NOZZLE AND SUPPORT LOCATIONS Standard tolerances for process flow nozzles and suf !pport locations and projections are shown in Figure Fa ensions in () are millimeters. FIGURE F-1 £1/2°(12.7) £1/4"(6.4) s/et6a) | 2/460 41/4764) H/4(64) 21/464) a = (np) (iy CWT a | a /8°(3.2) | 41/8"(3.2) a1/e(64) | 1/852) al NOMINAL NOZZLE SIZE G MAX S| 27-4" INCLUSIVE, 1/16"(1.6) SIs 6°12" INCLUSIVE 3/32 (2.4) 24 \_ 14°36" ncLusWE | _3/16°(4.8) slg | OVER 36" GD) | *|2] TED pics Tyas cower sq 78 tera ing S| |e 41/8" &| Ta Fe. =) {3s} Lb 5 =< | sg §3 iT ° Sat 7 ae aie ale F ay] -{ + oT 4 3} . z| ty Te Fie= I q 7 1 25 2 STACKED EXCHANGERS ; £1(0.017 RAD) vey) | 3/16 (8.8) wax (32) 1/8" \ | 6.2) = H q a Auownste T p 2 CENTERLINE fata 21/8'3.2)| £1/8°3.2)| ROTATION TN GERUNE CONNECTION NOZZLE ALIGNMENT AND SUPPORT ROTATIONAL TOLERANCE ON NOZZLE FACES TOLERANCES ‘AT BOLT CIRCLE 6 Standards Of The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers AssociationHEAT EXCHANGER FABRICATION TOLERANCES SECTION 2 F.2 RECOMMENDED FABRICATION TOLERANCES Fabrication tolerances normally required to maintain process flow nozzle and support locations are shown in Figure F-2. These tolerances may be adjusted as necessary to meet the tolerances shown in Figure F-t Dimensions in () are milimeters. FIGURE F-2 62) Ke £1/4°(6.4) 41/832), £1/4°(6.4)_+1/8 £1/8°(3.2) | aod I de = —f} 4 | (3. |278} (32) £1/8°(3.2) £1/8"(3.2) 41/8" Standards Of The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers AssociationSECTION 2 HEAT EXCHANGER FABRICATION TOLERANCES F-3 TUBESHEETS, PARTITIONS, COVERS AND FLANGES The standard clearances and tolerances applying to tubesheets, partitions, covers and flanges are shown in Figure F-3. Dimensions in () are millimeters, FIGURE F-3 te sy to : A Sc4 g | pea we meye' “ a a AG Bd 0 STANDARD CONFINED JOINT CONSTRUCTION th pty ta, Bal | 4 q I 10 DESIGN L ; ate ost ‘STANDARD UNCONFINED PLAN FACE JOINT CONSTRUCTION 1. SECTON 2 1§ NOT BVENDED TO PROHIET UNACHINED TUBESHEET FACES AND FLAT COVER FACES. THEREFORE NO PLUS ‘Tas el! “ TBlawece © stm OF Re “LL pacts ro.smwces 2. ace roemwers Sut oro i S/4" =1/8 (HBA =32) | CONSTRUED TO WEAN THAT FNAL z [DMENSONS CAN BE LESS THAN THAT 35,03. 03.04.05.06 HAT (408) REQURED By DESIGN CALCULATIONS. ie i HAE ia) 3. FoR PERRIER. CASS, “COND 3] = Re ew 0 175 (9-08) MEANS "CONFINED ON THE OD" e| | ie GARSIE (GA) H/ST =O F0B-0) 4, germs ane TPA. MND 00 NOT sl 4 = = SLUDE_ THE USE OF OTHER DETALS =| Re SAP 68) 1/32 (08) SET 1) RGLDE TH UE of ‘ri Oras e WW Wy ‘£1737" (208) ‘5. FOR UNITS OVER 60" (1524) TO 100" (2540) = DIAMETER, TOLERANCES "D” AND “W" MAY BE arene INCREASED TO £1/16%(1.6), TONGUE AND GROOVE sont 8 Standards Of The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Asso: