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Substitutions

Substitution involves replacing pronumerals (variables like x, y, etc.) with numerals (numbers) in algebraic expressions to evaluate them. The document provides examples of substituting values into expressions and evaluating. It also defines operations like multiplication and exponentiation that are used in evaluating expressions after substitution.

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67 views4 pages

Substitutions

Substitution involves replacing pronumerals (variables like x, y, etc.) with numerals (numbers) in algebraic expressions to evaluate them. The document provides examples of substituting values into expressions and evaluating. It also defines operations like multiplication and exponentiation that are used in evaluating expressions after substitution.

Uploaded by

api-383788708
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SUBSTITUTIONS

In an algebraic expression, when we replace a pronumeral (letters of the alphabet


or symbols) by a numeral (number) this process is called substitution. This also means
that we are evaluating an algebraic expression.

EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2
Given that m = 4 and n = 3 , calculate If a = 3 , b = 2 and c = -4 , evaluate
(i) m+n (i) a+b - c
SOLUTION SOLUTION
Replace the variables with the numbers Replace the variables with the numbers
So, m + n =4+3 So, a + b - c = 3 + 2 - -4
=7 Two like signs become a positive sign - -4 +4
=3+2+4
(ii) mn =9
SOLUTION
ac + ab
2
(ii)
'mn' means m n
SOLUTION
So, mn = m n
Now, ac = 3 -4 = -12
= 43 Two unlike signs become a negative sign
= 12 and ab = 3 2 = 6
Two like signs become a positive sign
(iii) nm So, ac + ab
2
= -12 + 6
2

SOLUTION = - 62
m
n means n raised to the m power = 36
Now nm = 34
= 3333 ac + 8b
= 81 (iii)
3ab - c2
SOLUTION
(iv) 2m + 5n
Now, ac = 3 -4 = -12
SOLUTION
8b = 8 2 = 16
We know that 2m = 2 m
and 5n = 5 n 3ab = 3 3 2 18

So, 2m + 5n = 2 m + 5 n c2 = - 4 2 = 16
= 2 4 + 5 3 ac + 8b -12 +16
So, =
3ab - c2 18 - 16
= 8 + 15
4
= 23 =
2
=2

EXERCISE C1
1. Given that a = 4 , b = 2 and c = -1, find the value of:

(i) a- b +c

(ii) 2ab




2. Given that a = -1 , b = 2 and c = -3 , find the value of :

(i) a+b +c

(ii) b 2 - c2



3. Given that a = 6 , b = -4 and c = 8 , calculate the value of

a2 + b
.
c - b




....



....

4. If a = 2 , b = -3 and c = 4 , evaluate
(i) ab - bc

b a - c
2
(ii)

5. Given that m = -2 and n = -4 , calculate the value of 2m+n 2m- n.

6. Find the value of EACH of the following when a = 2 , b = -1 , c = 3

(i) a b + c

4b2 - 2ac
(ii)
a+b +c








7. If p = 5 , q = 0 and r = -3 , calculate the value of

(i) 4p - qr

(ii) 2r 3




2p3
8. Given that r = , calculate the value of r when p = 6 and q = 12.
q3

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