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Chem 10171 Fall 2017 Problem Set 8: Due November 3, 2017

(1) Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid according to the equation CO2 (g) + H2O (l) ⇌ H2CO3 (aq). This dissolution is important for carbonated beverages and environmental processes. (2) A chemist added HCl to an NaOH solution and recorded the temperature change. The reaction was exothermic as indicated by the decreasing temperature. Analysis of the data allows calculation of the enthalpy change for the reaction.

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41 views1 page

Chem 10171 Fall 2017 Problem Set 8: Due November 3, 2017

(1) Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid according to the equation CO2 (g) + H2O (l) ⇌ H2CO3 (aq). This dissolution is important for carbonated beverages and environmental processes. (2) A chemist added HCl to an NaOH solution and recorded the temperature change. The reaction was exothermic as indicated by the decreasing temperature. Analysis of the data allows calculation of the enthalpy change for the reaction.

Uploaded by

william fu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chem 10171 Fall 2017 Problem Set 8 Due November 3, 2017

(1) The solubility of carbon dioxide in water is of considerable environmental and


commercial importance. Although the behavior of dissolved CO2 is somewhat
complicated, for most purposes it can be treated as dissolving to form carbonic acid,
H2CO3, according to the following equation, with the equilibrium constant referring to
concentrations in mol/L and pressures in bar:
CO2 (g) + H2O (l) H2CO3 (aq) Keq = 0.036
(a) Carbonated sodas are typically packaged under a carbon dioxide pressure of about 5
bar. Calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide dissolved (in the form of
H2CO3) in a 2.00-L bottle of soda.
(b) The headspace above the liquid in a typical 2-L bottle of soda has a volume of about
50 mL. Estimate the number of moles of CO2 that are in the headspace of the soda
bottle before it is opened by the consumer.
(c) An internet source (http://www.lenntech.com/carbon-dioxide.htm) states that the
dissolution of carbon dioxide from the air explains why water, which normally has
a neutral pH of 7 has an acidic pH of approximately 5.5 when it has been exposed to
air. Assess the validity of this claim. Air consists of about 0.04% by volume of
carbon dioxide (400 ppm); the pKa of H2CO3 is 6.37.

(2) A chemist added 6.0 M aqueous HCl in portions to 200 mL of a solution of NaOH in water in
a well-insulated flask, and recorded the temperature after each portion was added using a
digital thermometer. The data obtained are plotted below:
(a) What reaction is taking
place in this experiment?
(b) Explain the shape of this
graph.
(c) What was the
concentration of the
original NaOH solution?
(d) Using the experimental
data, calculate H for the
reaction you gave in part
(a), in kJ/mol, and state
whether the reaction is
endothermic or
exothermic. You may
assume that the density and specific heat capacity of the solution are not significantly
different from the density and heat capacity of pure water.

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