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Oblique Spherical

1. There are three main methods for solving oblique spherical triangles: using the haversine formula, using the sine rule, or using Napier's rules. 2. The document provides examples of solving oblique spherical triangles using each of the three methods. It gives the side lengths or angle measures provided, the method used, and the solution. 3. The document is organized into sections on lecture examples, practice examples, and homework problems involving solving oblique spherical triangles using the different rules.

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Inriko Rico Castillo
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2K views5 pages

Oblique Spherical

1. There are three main methods for solving oblique spherical triangles: using the haversine formula, using the sine rule, or using Napier's rules. 2. The document provides examples of solving oblique spherical triangles using each of the three methods. It gives the side lengths or angle measures provided, the method used, and the solution. 3. The document is organized into sections on lecture examples, practice examples, and homework problems involving solving oblique spherical triangles using the different rules.

Uploaded by

Inriko Rico Castillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solving oblique spherical triangle :

Cases :

1. in case knowing three a , b , c , sides , we use the haversine


formula

hav a − hav (c − b)
havA =
sin c . sin b
and similarly for B and C

2. Using the sine formula

sin A sin B sin C


= =
sin a sin b sin c

3. in case knowing tow sides a , b (say) and an angle included


between them C , we can use the haversine rule to find c
then continue with the sine one OR we use Napier's rules ,

1
cos (a − b)
1 2 1
tan ( A + B) = cot C
2 1 2
cos (a + b)
& 2 where a > b
1
sin (a − b)
1 2 1
tan ( A − B) = cot C
2 1 2
sin (a + b)
2

Examples :

1. Solve the following Oblique spherical triangle given


that :
a = 146° 37` , b = 135° 49` 20" , c = 60° 4` 54"

Solution :

hav a = 0.9175039 hav(b-c) = 0.3768434 sin a = 0.5502378


hav b = 0.8585904 hav(a-c) = 0.4697805 sin b = 0.6968869
hav c = 0.2506174 hav(a-b) = 0.0088472 sin c = 0.8667371

13
then hav A = 0.8950174 implies A = 142° 11` 20"
and hav B = 0.8152660 implies B = 129° 5` 22"
and hav C = 0.0057818 implies C = 8° 43` 19"

1. In the following Oblique spherical triangle given that :


B = 65° 33` , b = 64` 23` 15" , a = 99° 40` 48" ,
Find A

Solution :

sin A sin B
∵ =
sin a sin b
sin a . sin B
∴ sin A = = 0 .9951467
sin b

∴ A = 84 2 1′ 1 0 ′′

2. Solve the following Oblique spherical triangle given that :


b = 156° 12' , c = 112° 48' , A = 76° 32'

Solution :

Now

hav (a ) = hav ( A ) sin b sin c + hav (b − c )


= 0.2794022476
a = 630 49 '11.34 ''
sin b .sin A
sin B = = 0.4373136079
sin a
B = 25055 '57.37 '' correction B = 1800 − 25055 '57.37 ''
= 1540 4 ' 2.63''
sin c .sin A
sin C = = 0.9990038404
sin a
C = 87 0 26 '32.52 ''

14
Another Solution using Napier's rules

Since b > c
Then we have the following

1 1 1
(b − c ) = 21 42′ cos (b − c ) = 0.9291325715 sin (b − c ) = .3697467573
2 2 2
1 1 1
(b + c ) = 134 30′ cos (b + c ) = −0.7009092643 sin (b + c ) = 0.7132504492
2 2 2
A A
cot = 1.267735283 cot = 1.267735283
2 2
1 1
∴ tan (B + C ) = −1.680523006 implies (B + C ) = 120 45 '17.57 '' → (1)
2 2
1 1
and tan (B − C ) = 0.6571899261 implies (B − C ) = 33 18' 45.05'' → (2)
2 2
by adding (1) and (2) we have
B = 154 4' 2.62''
by substracting (1) and (2) we have
C = 87 26' 32.52''
Finally use the sine rule to have a = 630 49'11.34''

Sheet (5)

Solving oblique spherical triangle :


Solve the following Oblique spherical triangle :
hav a − hav ( c − b )
( by using the haversine formula hav A = )
sin c . sin b

Lecture

1. a = 70° 20` 50" , b = 38° 28` , c = 51° 41`


2. a = 56° 41` , b = 34° 46` , c = 34° 46`
3. c = 84° 49' , b = 97° 26' , a = 79° 26'
4. a = 100° 50` , b = 99° 40` 48" , c = 64° 23` 15"

15
Section

1. a = 46° 45` 30" , b = 41° 53` , c = 41° 35`


2. c = 68° 45' , b = 53° 15' , a = 46° 30'
3. a = 58° 58` , b = 124° 7` 17" , c = 88° 21` 20"
4. a = 66° 48` , b = 101° 25` , c = 123° 24`

Home work

1. c = 70° 14' 20" , b = 49° 24' 10" a = 38° 46' 10"


2. c = 50° 10' , b = 64° 17' , a = 27° 37'
3. a = 57° , b = 83° , c =71°
4. a = 64° , b = 85° , c = 90°
5. c = 84° 18' 28" , b = 115° 10' , a = 31° 9' 13"

Sheet (6)

Solving oblique spherical triangle :


In the following Oblique spherical triangle :
sin A sin B sin C
( by using the sine rule = = )
sin a sin b sin c

Lecture

1. a = 58° 58` , A = 50° 20` , c = 88° 21` 20" , Find C


2. a = 63° 49` , A = 76° 32` , b = 156° 12` , Find B
3. C = 52° 29` , a = 70° 20` 50", c = 51° 41`, Find A
4. a = 99° 40' 48" , b = 64° 23' 15" , A = 95° 38' 42" , Find B

Section

1. A = 78° 37` , a = 79° 26` , c = 84° 49` , Find C


2. A = 50° 51` , a = 46° 30` , b = 53° 15` , Find B
3. c = 62° 36` , B = 102° 59` , b = 100° 10` , Find C
4. a = 100° 50` , b = 99° 40` 48" , A = 97° 26` 29" , Find B

16
Home work

1. c = 68° 45` , B = 58° 56` , b = 53° 15` , Find C


2. a = 38° 46` 10" , c = 70° 14` 20" , A = 38° 27` , Find C
3. B = 48° 56` , b = 49° 24` 10" , c = 70° 14` 10" , Find C
4. b = 41° 53` , a = 46° 45` 30" , A = 73° 11` 18" , Find B
5. B = 65° 33` , b = 64` 23` 15" , a = 99° 40` 48" , Find A

Sheet (7)

Solving oblique spherical triangle :


Solve the following Oblique spherical triangle :

( by using Napier's or haversine rules )

Lecture

1. a = 70° 20' 50" , b = 38° 28' , C = 52° 29'


2. c = 68° 45` , b = 53° 15` , A = 50° 51`
3. c = 88° 21' 20" , b = 124° 7' 17" , A = 50° 20'
4. b = 99° 40' 48" , c = 64° 23' 15" , A = 97° 26' 29"

Section

1. a = 46° 30` , B = 58° 56` , c = 68° 45`


2. c = 70° 14` 20" , B = 48° 56` , a = 38° 46` 10"
3. A = 81° 24' 45" , c = 62° 36' , b = 100° 10'
4. a = 135° 49' 20" , c = 60° 4' 54" , B = 142° 12' 42"

Home work

1. A = 38° 27` , b = 49° 24` 10" , c = 70° 14` 20"


2. a = 79° 26` , c = 84° 49` , B = 98° 34`
3. B = 172° 20` , c = 84° 18` 28" , a = 31° 9` 13"
4. c = 34° 46' b = 34° 46' , A = 112° 45'
5. b = 97° 26` , A = 78° 37` , c = 84° 49`

17

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