HEIRS OF JUAN DE DIOS E. CARLOS vs ATTY. JAIME S.

LINSANGAN
A.C. No. 11494, July 24, 2017

FACTS:
The parcel of land located in Alabang, Muntilupa City and covered by Transfer
Certificate of Title (TCT) No. 139061 with an area of 12,331 square meters was
previously owned by the Spouses Felix and Felipa Carlos. Their son, Teofilo Carlos
(Teofilo), convinced them to transfer said title to his name with a promise to distribute
the same to his brothers and sisters. Teofilo delivered the owner's duplicate copy of the
title to his brother, Juan. However, Teofilo sold the entire property to Pedro Balbanero
(Pedro). Pedro, however, failed to pay the agreed installment payments.

Atty. Linsangan acted as counsel for their late father in several cases, one of which
involving the recovery of a parcel of land. Complainants alleged that Atty. Linsangan
forced them to sign pleadings and documents, sold the parcel of land in Alabang,
Muntinlupa City in cahoots with complainants' estranged mother, and evaded payment of
income taxes when he divided his share in the subject property as his supposed attorney's
fees to his wife and children.

ISSUE:
Whether or not respondent is guilty of violating his lawyer's oath.

RULING:
After a careful review of the record of the case, the Court finds that respondent
committed acts in violation of his oath as an attorney thereby warranting the Court's
exercise of its disciplinary power.

The practice of law is not a right but a privilege bestowed by the State upon those
who show that they possess, and continue to possess, the qualifications required by law
for the conferment of such privilege. Whether or not a lawyer is still entitled to practice
law may be resolved by a proceeding to suspend or disbar him, based on conduct
rendering him unfit to hold a license or to exercise the duties and responsibilities of an
attorney. The avowed purpose of suspending or disbarring an attorney is not to punish the
lawyer, but to remove from the profession a person whose misconduct has proved him
unfit to be entrusted with the duties and responsibilities belonging to an office of an
attorney, and thus to protect the public and those charged with the administration of
justice. The lawyer's oath is a source of obligations and its violation is a ground for
suspension, disbarment or other disciplinary action.

these acts are in direct contravention of Article 1491(5) of the Civil Code which forbids
lawyers from acquiring, by purchase or assignment, the property that has been the subject
of litigation in which they have taken part by virtue of their profession. While Canon 10
of the old Canons of Professional Ethics, which states that " the lawyer should not
purchase any interests in the subject matter of the litigation which he is conducting," is no
longer reproduced in the new Code of Professional Responsibility (CPR), such
proscription still applies considering that Canon I of the CPR is clear in requiring that "a
lawyer shall uphold the Constitution, obey the laws of the land and promote respect for
law and legal process" and Rule 138, Sec. 3 which requires every lawyer to take an oath
to "obey the laws as well as the legal orders of the duly constituted authorities
therein." Here, the law transgressed by Atty. Linsangan is Article 1491(5) of the Civil
Code, in violation of his lawyer's oath.

Atty. Linsangan, at the guise of merely waiving portions of the subject property in favor
of his wife and children, actually divided his attorney's fee with persons who are not
licensed to practice law in contravention of Rule 9.02, Canon 9 of the CPR.

Another misconduct committed by Atty. Linsangan was his act of selling the entire
12,331 square meters property and making it appear that he was specifically authorized to
do so by complainants as well as by the other persons to whom portions of the property
had been previously adjudicated. However, a perusal of the supposed Special Power of
Attorney attached to the Deed of Absolute Sale, save for that executed by his wife and
children, only authorizes Atty. Linsangan to represent complainants in the litigation of
cases involving Juan's properties. Nothing in said Special Power of Attorney authorizes
Atty. Linsangan to sell the entire property including complainants' undivided share
therein.

Worse, Atty. Linsangan does not deny having received the downpayment for the property
from Helen. Atty. Linsangan does not also deny failing to give complainants' share for
the reason that he applied said payment as his share in the property. In so doing, Atty.
Linsangan determined all by himself that the downpayment accrues to him and
immediately appropriated the same, without the knowledge and consent of the
complainants. Such act constitutes a breach of his client's trust and a violation of Canon
16 of the CPR. Indeed, a lawyer is not entitled to unilaterally appropriate his client's
money for himself by the mere fact that the client owes him attorney’s fees. The failure
of an attorney to return the client's money upon demand gives rise to the presumption that
he has misappropriated it for his own use to the prejudice and violation of the general
morality, as well as of professional ethics; it also impairs public confidence in the legal
profession and deserves punishment. In short, a lawyer's unjustified withholding of
money belonging to his client, as in this case, warrants the imposition of disciplinary
action.

the relationship of attorney and client has consistently been treated as one of special trust
and confidence. An attorney must therefore exercise utmost good faith and fairness in all
his relationship with his client. Measured against this standard, respondent's act clearly
fell short and had, in fact, placed his personal interest above that of his clients.
Considering the foregoing violations of his lawyer's oath, Article 1491(5) of the Civil
Code, Rule 9.02, Canon 9, and Canon 16 of the CPR, the Court deems it appropriate to
impose upon respondent the penalty of six (6) months suspension from the practice of
law.

WHEREFORE, we find Atty. Jaime S. Linsangan LIABLE for violations of his