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Taxonomy

This document discusses taxonomy and classification. It describes taxonomy as the science of classifying organisms, and classification as identifying, naming, and grouping organisms based on similarities. The major categories of classification are Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. Scientific names for organisms are composed of genus and species separated by a space, with the genus capitalized and species lowercase.

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Yamyang Galay-Baño
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363 views22 pages

Taxonomy

This document discusses taxonomy and classification. It describes taxonomy as the science of classifying organisms, and classification as identifying, naming, and grouping organisms based on similarities. The major categories of classification are Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. Scientific names for organisms are composed of genus and species separated by a space, with the genus capitalized and species lowercase.

Uploaded by

Yamyang Galay-Baño
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Taxonomy & Classification

TAXONOMY &
CLASSIFICATION
Taxonomy, science of classifying organisms.
Classification, in biology, identification, naming, grouping of
organisms into a formal system based on similarities such as
internal and external anatomy, physiological functions,
genetic makeup and evolutionary history.

The major categories in classification are Domain,


Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and
Species.
 In addition to classifying the organisms also
scientists give it a scientific name.
 The scientific name composed of two parts
(genus and species ) separated by normal
space. Always the genus begins with capital
letter and species with small letter .
 When it written by hand you have to underline it,
and make it italic if typed .
 Such as Drosophila melanogaster (when it
write by hand).
 Drosophila melanogaster (when it typed).
OLD CLASSIFICATION
 The major categories in the old classification were

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus

and Species.

 The major kingdoms were: Monera, Protista, Fungi,

Plantae, and Animalia.


NEW CLASSIFICATION

The major categories in new classification are

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family,

Genus and Species.


How to write these categories
 Domain
 Kingdom
 Phylum
 Class
 Order

 Family
 Genus
 Species
Domains
 Living organisms are divided into three major
Domains including Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukarya.

 Each domin further subdivided into separate


Kingdoms.
Domain: Archaea
 Kingdom : Archaea (Archaeabacteria)
 Unicellular.
 Prokaryotes.

 Living in extreme environment (high temperature,


acidic or deep areas).
 Examples :-
 Halobacteria sp.
Archaebacteria
Domain: Bacteria
 Kingdom: Bacteria (Eubacteria).
 Unicellular.
 Prokaryotes.
 Found in wide range of habitats on earth.
 Examples :-
 Bacteria.

 Cyanobacteria.
Eubacteria
Domain: Eukarya

 Kingdom :Protista.

 Kingdom :Fungi.

 Kingdom :Plantae.

 Kingdom :Animalia.
Kingdom: Protista
 Eukaryotes.
 Unicellular.
 Heterotrophic (animal like protista), autotrophic
(plant like protista).
 Examples:-
 protozoa (Euglena sp., Paramecium sp., Ameoba
sp. and algae).
Ameoba sp Paramecium sp. Algae

Trypanosome sp. Euglena


sp
Protista
Kingdom Fungi
 Eukaryotes.
 Heterotrophic nutrition.
 Rigid cell walls made of chitin.
 Multicellular .
 Examples:-
 Bread mould ,Penicillium ,yeast and mushroom.
Fungi
Kingdom Plantae

 Eukaryotes.
 Multicellular.
 Autotrophic.
 e.g. all higher plants.
Classification of kingdom Plantae:
Classified into two major groups:

1- Non- vascular plants:


have no system for transporting water or nutrients (e.g. mosses) .

2- Vascular plants:
have a system through which they can transport water and
nutrient throughout the plant. This allowed the plants to be
taller and live further from water.
Plants
Kingdom Animalia
 Eukaryotes.
 Multicellular.
 Heterotrophic nutrition.
 e.g. all animal groups.
Classification of Kingdom Animalia

The two major groups within the animal kingdom are


invertebrates and vertebrates.

1- The invertebrates:
The invertebrates include animals that have no backbone.
Examples: sponges, worms, starfish, jellyfish, clams, and
lobsters.

2- The vertebrates:
These are animals that do possess a backbone. Examples:
fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
Animalia

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