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PH 121 Urinary Part 1a

The urinary system consists of the kidneys and extrarenal structures that filter blood and produce urine. The kidneys contain an outer cortex with renal corpuscles and tubules, and an inner medulla with loops of Henle and collecting ducts. The kidneys remove waste, regulate fluid and electrolytes, and produce hormones to influence other organs.

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Maria Stephanie
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56 views11 pages

PH 121 Urinary Part 1a

The urinary system consists of the kidneys and extrarenal structures that filter blood and produce urine. The kidneys contain an outer cortex with renal corpuscles and tubules, and an inner medulla with loops of Henle and collecting ducts. The kidneys remove waste, regulate fluid and electrolytes, and produce hormones to influence other organs.

Uploaded by

Maria Stephanie
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Urinary System

c/o Stepherz
Overview
• parts: kidneys and extrarenal parts, namely, calyces, renal pelvis, ureters,
urinary bladder, and urethra
• kidney is functionally associated with blood-vascular system, because it is very
vascular
• main functions of the kidney:
1. removal of nitrogenous waste products of metabolism
2. maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance
3. elimination of substances that are toxic or are in excess
4. influence blood pressure
5. secretion of substances into the blood that influence activity of cells or
organs elsewhere in the body
6. conserves certain substances during the process of urine formation
(reabsorption)
Kidney: OVERVIEW
Whole Kidney (LPO)
• border is covered by
“true” capsule (thin)
• beneath capsule, and
directly attached to it is
the cortex
• darker-staining cortex,
lighter-staining medulla

Source: http://www.histology.leeds.ac.uk/urinary/assets/kidney_HE.gif

Up next: Cortex and 2


characteristic areas in it
Kidney: CORTEX

GC

GC

It looks like this.


Kidney: CORTEX
Kidney (H&E)
NOTICE these areas of the
• outer cortex, inner medulla cortex in the next, next slide.
• 2 characteristic areas in the cortex:
GRANULAR cortex and STRIATE cortex

Striate Cortex (Medullary Rays of Ferrein)


• sections of straight tubular structures
parallel to each other, but perpendicular to
the capsule
• diameter of tubules here is LESS than that
of the tubules in granular cortex
• each medullary ray is considered the GC
CENTER of a renal lobule
GC
Granular Cortex (GC)
• consists of cross and oblique sections of
uriniferous tubules, mainly parts of the
nephron
• contains section of RENAL CORPUSCLES
Kidney cortex (41a)
(RC), which possess the widest diameter
among the rounder profiles in this area Interlobular area
• lahat ng hindi striate pero nasa cortex • found between adjacent medullary rays,

• bilog-bilog in appearance thus it is in granular cortex


• where interlobular arteries and veins are
usually found
• in the pic: interlobular vein
Kidney: CORTEX

GC

MR

GC

Granular Cortex (GC) GC

Striate Cortex (Medullary


Rays of Ferrein)
Kidney: VIEW FROM AFAR
Kidney: MEDULLA

Medulla
• all tubules are parallel
to each other
• change in texture and
orientation is ABRUPT
if you start from
granular cortex (see
Source: http://education.med.nyu.edu/Histology/courseware/modules/urinary-sy-q/images/q.urisys.08.gif
upper pic)
• if from striated cortex,
no marked change will
be seen (see lower pic)

Source: http://wahoo.nsm.umass.edu/histology/sites/wahoo.nsm.umass.edu.histology/files/imagecache/full/
edit.jpg
Kidney: CORTICO-MEDULLARY AREA
Cortico-medullary area
• junction of renal cortex and
medulla
• best observed where GC is
adjacent to medulla
• border of medulla is the
BASE of the renal pyramid
• border of cortex is
JUXTAMEDULLARY AREA
of the cortex

Markers of junction: arcuate


arteries AA & arcuate veins AV
• large arterioles and venules
(parallel to base of pyramid)
are called ARCUATE
ARTERIES and VEINS
• interlobular vessels in the
cortex
• interlobar vessels in the
medulla
Kidney: VASA RECTA
Peritubular / Intertubular
Capillaries
• capillaries abundant in
cortex and medulla

Vasa recta
• vessels larger than ordinary
capillaries
• idi-discuss ‘to ulit later sa
Loop of Henle don’t worry

Source: http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/crr/images/RN024b.jpg
Kidney: SUMMARY
Cortex - consists of renal corpuscles (you won't find these
in the medulla), PCT and DCT
• Renal corpuscles - arranged in parallel rows, separated
by interlobular arteries from which they get their blood
supply; granular cortex
• Medullary rays - consist of collecting tubules; striate
cortex

Medulla - consists of loop of Henle and collecting tubules


and ducts, and vasa recta
• Loop of Henle - found between collecting ducts;
continuation of PCT
• Vasa recta - larger vessels that form loops parallel to
Loop of Henle

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